208 results about "Neurogenesis" patented technology

The instant disclosure describes methods for treating diseases and conditions of the central and peripheral nervous system by stimulating or increasing neurogenesis. The disclosure includes compositions and methods based on muscarinic receptor modulation, such as via inhibition of acetylcholine esterase (AChE) activity, alone or in combination with another neurogenic agent to stimulate or activate the formation of new nerve cells.

The invention is directed to methods of promoting neurogenesis by contacting neuronal tissue with neurogenesis increasing agents. Novel methods for treating neurological disorders using neurogenesis increasing agents are disclosed.

Coupling of excitation to neurogenesis in proliferating post-natal NPCs is demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. Neurogenesis is potently enhanced by excitatory stimuli, and involves Cav1.2 / 1.3 channels and NMDA receptors. These Ca2+ influx pathways are located on the proliferating NPCs, allowing them to directly sense and process excitatory stimuli. Excitation increases the fraction of NPC progeny that are neurons, and increases total neuron number. Signaling in this pathway leads to rapid induction of a proneural gene expression pattern involving the bHLH genes HES1, Id2, and NeuroD, and the resulting cells become fully functional neurons defined by neuronal morphology, expression of neuronal structural proteins, expression of neuronal TTX-sensitive voltage gated Na+ channels, and synaptic incorporation into active neural circuits.

Transcriptomes of individual neurons provide rich information about cell types and dynamic states. However, it is difficult to capture rare dynamic processes, such as adult neurogenesis, because isolation from dense adult tissue is challenging, and markers for each phase are limited. Here, Applicants developed Nuc-seq, Div-Seq, and Dronc-Seq. Div-seq combines Nuc-Seq, a scalable single nucleus RNA-Seq method, with EdU-mediated labeling of proliferating cells. Nuc-Seq can sensitively identify closely related cell types within the adult hippocampus. Div-Seq can track transcriptional dynamics of newborn neurons in an adult neurogenic region in the hippocampus. Dronc-Seq uses a microfluidic device to co-encapsulate individual nuclei in reverse emulsion aqueous droplets in an oil medium together with one uniquely barcoded mRNA-capture bead. Finally, Applicants found rare adult newborn GABAergic neurons in the spinal cord, a non-canonical neurogenic region. Taken together, Nuc-Seq, Div-Seq and Dronc-Seq allow for unbiased analysis of any complex tissue.

The instant disclosure describes methods for treating diseases and conditions of the central and peripheral nervous system by stimulating or increasing neurogenesis. The disclosure includes compositions and methods based on an HDac inhibitory agent alone or in combination with another neurogenic agent to stimulate or activate the formation of new nerve cells.

The invention provides a method for improving cognitive performance in a physically active subject. The invention further provides a method of enhancing neurogenesis in a physically active subject. In one embodiment, the method encompasses administering to the subject an effective amount of one or more flavonoids. In a further embodiment, the method encompasses administering to the subject an effective amount of one or more antioxidants.

Methods for modulating neurogenesis in vitro and in vivo have been disclosed. The methods comprise contacting neural stem cells with an effective amount of a FTY720 compound. The neurogenesis may involve the modulation of proliferation, differentiation, migration or survival of a non-embryonic neural stem cells or progenitor cells. Also disclosed are methods for the prevention or treatment of neurological disorders comprising administering to a subject a therapeutically effective amount of a FTY720 compound. The disorders that can be treated include various nervous system disorders.

A method is provided, including identifying an electrical stimulation protocol as being suitable for augmenting genesis of one or more cell populations in at least one brain region of the subject. The cell genesis is augmented by applying the identified stimulation protocol to an SPG, a greater palatine nerve, a branch of the greater palatine nerve, a lesser palatine nerve, a sphenopalatine nerve, a communicating branch between a maxillary nerve and an SPG, an otic ganglion, an afferent fiber going into the otic ganglion, an efferent fiber going out of the otic ganglion, an infraorbital nerve, a vidian nerve, a greater superficial petrosal nerve, a lesser deep petrosal nerve, a maxillary nerve, a branch of the maxillary nerve, a nasopalatine nerve, a peripheral site that provides direct or indirect afferent innervation to the SPG, or a peripheral site that is directly or indirectly efferently innervated by the SPG.

The present invention relates to methods for modulating progestagen signaling for treating neurological disorders or neurodegenerative disease, or preventing or delaying its onset in individuals deemed by competent observation and testing to be susceptible thereto. Progestagens can be administered to elevate serum and brain levels of progestagens and induce neurogenesis. Progestagen therapy may prevent some of the neurodegenerative and cognitive changes associated with developmental and aging associated neurological disorders and neurodegenerative diseases. Progestagen therapy together with suppression of GnRH, kisspeptin, LH and / or FSH signaling also may be used for treating neurological disorders or neurodegenerative diseases. The invention also relates to methods for inhibiting or delaying blastulation during embryogenesis, and neurogenesis during embryogenesis, fetal, neonatal, childhood, puberty or adult life. Blocking progestagen, estrogen and / or opioid signaling with receptor antagonists will inhibit neurogenesis. The invention also relates to using progestagens in vitro to induce neurogenesis in embryonic or adult stem cells.

Methods and compositions are disclosed for enhancing neurogenesis, resolving neuropathy and improving neurological health and functioning using fungal extracts and their active ingredients, including species of mushrooms and mycelia containing psilocybin and psilocin, combined with erinacines and hericenones or fungal extracts containing those active ingredients, with the addition of nicotinic acid. The compositions may optionally be combined with nervine plants.

The instant disclosure describes methods for treating diseases and conditions of the central and peripheral nervous system by stimulating or increasing neurogenesis. The invention includes compositions and methods based on modulation angiotensin activity to stimulate or activate the formation of new nerve cells.

The invention is directed to methods of promoting neurogenesis by contacting neuronal tissue with neurogenesis modulating agents. Novel methods for treating neurological disorders using neurogenesis modulating agents are disclosed.

Methods and assay systems for analyzing effects of chemical and cellular agents on brain cell neurogenesis in vivo, comprising administering an agent to a test animal and determining responses of cells of brain marrow tissues, including irradiated brain marrow tissue depleted of neurogenic stems cells, and cells in brain marrow-derived neurospheres cultured in vitro.

Methods and tools for identifying agents and conditions that modulate neurogenesis are disclosed. The disclosure also relates to methods and tools for identifying populations of neural stem cells suitable for transplantation.

The present disclosure describes methods for treating diseases and conditions of the central and peripheral nervous system by stimulating or increasing neurogenesis. The disclosure includes compositions and methods based on use of melatonin or other melatoninergic agent, optionally in combination with one or more other neurogenic agents, to stimulate or activate the formation of new nerve cells.

The invention relates to a method for constructing a three-dimensional neural stem cell model in two steps by adopting the micro-fluidic technology. The method is characterized in that a rat tail collagen I is used as a three-dimensional support, a micro-pillar array type micro-fluidic chip is used as a culture platform, and a neural stem cell is cultured in two steps, wherein in the early culture stage, a culture medium for promoting the amplification of the neural stem cell is injected into a cell culture chamber, and in the later culture stage, a conditioned medium suitable for the growth of the neural stem cell and the daughter cells thereof is used, and a three-dimensional composite structure which is similar to a nerve tissue is formed by simulating the microenvironment of different neurogenesis stages in the body. The method provided by the invention is good in repeatability and can be used for construction a plurality of groups of samples. The adopted microfluidic culture system is in a microliter volume and can be regulated accurately, thus the amount of various high-cost cell growth factors, immunologic fluorescent antibodies and cell hormones used in the process of culturing the cell can be reduced greatly, and the cell culture cost can be lowered. The three-dimensional neural stem cell model is expected to be a nerve tissue substitute for screening a novel medicament or monitoring an environmental toxin.

The disclosure provides compositions and methods for treating diseases and conditions of the central and peripheral nervous system by stimulating or increasing neurogenesis. The disclosure provides compositions and methods based on the use of D-cycloserine in combination with the neurogenic agent, which synergistically stimulates or activates the formation of new nerve cells.

The present invention relates to compounds and methods for inducing neuronal differentiation in normal neural stem cells and brain cancer stem cells. The methods may take place in vitro, such as in isolates from the adult mammalian brain, or in vivo. Compounds and methods described herein may find use in the treatment of neurodegenerative and psychiatric diseases, the repair and regeneration of the nervous system, and in treatment of neurologic malignancy.

Coupling of excitation to neurogenesis in proliferating post-natal NPCs is demonstrated in vitro and in vivo. Neurogenesis is potently enhanced by excitatory stimuli, and involves Cav1.2 / 1.3 channels and NMDA receptors. These Ca2+ influx pathways are located on the proliferating NPCs, allowing them to directly sense and process excitatory stimuli. Excitation increases the fraction of NPC progeny that are neurons, and increases total neuron number. Signaling in this pathway leads to rapid induction of a proneural gene expression pattern involving the bHLH genes HES1, Id2, and NeuroD, and the resulting cells become fully functional neurons defined by neuronal morphology, expression of neuronal structural proteins, expression of neuronal TTX-sensitive voltage gated Na+ channels, and synaptic incorporation into active neural circuits.

The present invention is directed to a method of inducing neurogenesis by administering to a mammal an effective quantity of a compound that induces neurogenesis, where neurogenesis includes proliferation of neural stem and progenitor cells, differentiation of these cells into neurons, and / or survival of these new neurons. In general, the compound comprises three moieties, A, L, and B, covalently linked. A can be a purine, tetrahydroindolone, or pyrimidine; L is a linker, while B is a moiety that promotes absorption of the compound. A particularly preferred compound is N4-[[3-(6-oxo-1,6-dihydropurin-9-yl)-1-oxopropyl] amino] benzoic acid (also known as AIT-082 or leteprinim potassium). Another aspect of the invention is pharmaceutical compositions for inducing neurogenesis.

The invention is for the combination of EDTA, cystine, selenium, Vitamin C, Vitamin E, and zinc for anti-thrombotic effect and for the effect of restoring platelet aggregation, an integral component of thrombus formation, to normal and for the monitoring of the response to therapy with the combination. Methods for use of the components and method for performing the monitoring are included. The combination and method are particularly efficacious for vascular deficiency ailments including atherosclerotic vascular disease, reduction of ischemic cerebal event, complications from surgical procedures including restenosis, neurogenerative disease, and erectile disfunction, and vascular deficiency resulting from etiology of sepsis and chronic infection.

Methods and compositions are provided for screening candidate compositions for activity with respect to treatment of aging-associated conditions, e.g., cognitive impairment conditions or age-related dementia. Aspects of the methods include administering a human blood product comprising plasma, to an immunocompromised animal, e.g., a mouse or a rat, and measuring the effect of the product on an endpoint, e.g., neurogenesis, locomotor activity, anxiety, spatial memory, and hippocampus-dependent memory.

Methods and apparatus for inducing neurogenesis within a human. An implantable signal generator is used to deliver high frequency stimulation to deep brain tissue elements. The implanted device delivers treatment therapy to the brain to thereby induce neurogenesis by the human. A sensor may be used to detect various symptoms of nervous system discovery. A microprocessor algorithm may then analyze the output from the sensor to regulate the stimulation and / or drug therapy delivered to the brain.

There is provided a method of promoting neurogenesis by administering a therapeutic amount of a nitric oxide donor compound to a patient in need of neurogenesis promotion. Also provided is a compound for providing neurogenesis having an effective amount of a nitric oxide donor sufficient to promote neurogenesis. A nitric oxide compound for promoting neurogenesis is also provided. Further, a method of augmenting the production of brain cells and facilitating cellular structural and receptor changes by administering an effective amount of a nitric oxide donor compound to a site in need of augmentation is provided. There is provided a method of increasing both neurological and cognitive function by administering an effective amount of a nitric oxide donor compound to a patient.

Methods and compositions are disclosed for enhancing neurogenesis, resolving neuropathy and improving neurological health and functioning using fungal extracts and their active ingredients, including species of mushrooms and mycelia containing psilocybin and psilocin, combined with erinacines and hericenones or fungal extracts containing those active ingredients, with the addition of nicotinic acid. The compositions may optionally be combined with nervine plants.

Disclosed is an agent comprising a benzothiophene alkyl ether derivative represented by the general formula below or a salt thereof:wherein R1 and R2 independently represent at least one group selected from a hydrogen atom, a halogen atom, an alkyl group, an aryl group, an aralkyl group, an alkoxy group, an aryloxy group, an alkylthio group, an arylthio group, an alkenyl group, an alkenyloxy group, an amino group, an alkylsulfonyl group, an arylsulfonyl group, a carbamoyl group, a heterocyclic group, an amino group, a hydroxyl group, a carboxyl group, a nitro group, an oxo group and the like; R3 represents an alkylamino group which may be substituted or an amino or hydroxyl group which may be protected; and m and n independently represent an integer ranging from 1 to 6. The agent is useful as a neurogenesis inducer or a therapeutic agent for neuropathy.

The invention relates to method(s) of use of the compound(s) described herein, e.g. method for stimulating neurogenesis, including in vitro neurogenesis, by contacting neuronal progenitor cells with an effective amount of the compound(s) described herein; method for treatment of a subject in need of treatment with a neurogenic compound; and / or for treatment of a disease or condition associated with damage to the hippocampus. The subject may be a human or a veterinary animal.