A composition and method for transdifferentiating non-neuronal cells into neurons. Disclosed is a composition for inducing
cell transdifferentiation, comprising a
Myosin inhibitor, and an
isoxazole compound and / or its derivatives. Also disclosed is a method for inducing non-neuronal cells to transdifferentiate into neurons, comprising: culturing non-neuronal cells in an induction culture medium comprising a
Myosin inhibitor, and then culturing them in a maturation culture medium comprising a
Myosin inhibitor and an
isoxazole compound and / or its derivatives until mature neurons are obtained. Also disclosed is a use of the composition in inducing non-neuronal cells to transdifferentiate into neurons, and a method for transdifferentiating non-neuronal cells in a subject into neurons, comprising administering an effective amount of a Myosin inhibitor and an
isoxazole compound and / or its derivatives to the subject. The method of the present application is simple, requiring only two simple
small molecule combination treatments, without the need for regulation by overexpression of specific genes, and can be performed efficiently both
in vivo and
in vitro, thereby achieving simple and efficient
neuronal regeneration.