176 results about "Cognitive decline" patented technology

A non-invasive, early stage method to obtain quantitative measures of mild cognitive impairment useful in diagnosing and following degenerative brain disease or closed head injuries by utilizing the image data from individual patient positron emission tomographic scans to construct a cognitive decline index that serves as a diagnostic and screening tool to reveal the onset of mild cognitive impairment and nervous system dysfunction which are sequelae of degenerative brain diseases and closed head injury. The method involves using weighted values of brain region intensities derived from comparing scans of normal subjects to a scan of the patient to calculate a cognitive decline index that is useful as a diagnostic tool for mild cognitive impairment. The weights for the intensity values for each region are derived from the differences of intensity values from regions of the brain of the patient selected by comparing the patient to normal control subjects.

Phenidate drug formulations are provided having reduced potential for drug abuse. Dosage forms for treating Attention Deficit Disorder, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, AIDS Dementia Complex and cognitive decline in HIV-AIDS are provided which minimize drug hypersensitivity, toxicity, side effects, euphoric effect, and drug abuse potential. Such dosage forms comprise <SMALLCAPS>D< / SMALLCAPS>-threo stereoisomer of a phenidate in the substantial absence of all other stereoisomers.

This technology relates generally to compounds and methods for stimulating neurogenesis (e.g., post-natal neurogenesis, including post-natal hippocampal and hypothalamic neurogenesis) and / or protecting neuronal cell from cell death. Various compounds are disclosed herein. In vivo activity tests suggest that these compounds may have therapeutic benefits in neuropsychiatric and / or neurodegenerative diseases such as schizophrenia, major depression, bipolar disorder, normal aging, epilepsy, traumatic brain injury, post-traumatic stress disorder, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Down syndrome, spinocerebellar ataxia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, stroke, radiation therapy, chronic stress, abuse of a neuro-active drug, retinal degeneration, spinal cord injury, peripheral nerve injury, physiological weight loss associated with various conditions, as well as cognitive decline associated with normal aging, chemotherapy, and the like.

The present invention is related to mammalian nutrition and effects thereof in individuals with age associated cognitive decline such as Age Associated Memory Inpairment (AAMI) or a dementing illness such as Alzheimer's disease or related dementia, or Mild Cognitive Impairment, such as improving performance in, or reversal, prevention, reducing and delaying decline in, one or more of cognitive function, memory, behavior, cerebrovascular function, motor function, and / or brain physiology are seen. In particular, the present invention utilizes medium chain triglycerides, in one embodiment, administered as part of a long-term treatment regimen, to preserve or improve learning, attention, motor performance, cerebrovascular function, social behavior, and to increase activity levels, particularly in aging mammals.

A system and method for prediction of cognitive decline, comprises an input receiving input data corresponding to brain activity of an individual and a processor coupled to the input for analyzing the input data to obtain a selected set of features, the processor comparing the selected set of features to at least a portion of entries in a database corresponding to brain activity of a plurality of individuals, wherein entries in the database have been separated into a plurality of categories corresponding to one of a degree of cognitive decline and a propensity for future cognitive decline of individuals relating to the entries, the processor determining, based on the comparison, a category most closely corresponding to the selected set of features.

The invention provides methods for treating cognitive decline that is associated with systemic stress.

A system and method for prediction of cognitive decline, comprises an input receiving input data corresponding to brain activity of an individual and a processor coupled to the input for analyzing the input data to obtain a selected set of features, the processor comparing the selected set of features to at least a portion of entries in a database corresponding to brain activity of a plurality of individuals, wherein entries in the database have been separated into a plurality of categories corresponding to one of a degree of cognitive decline and a propensity for future cognitive decline of individuals relating to the entries, the processor determining, based on the comparison, a category most closely corresponding to the selected set of features.

A statistical and functional correlation strategy to identify changes in cellular pathways specifically linked to impaired cognitive function with aging. Analyses using the strategy identified multiple groups of genes expressed in the hippocampi of mammals, where the genes were expressed at different levels for several ages. The aging changes in expression began before mid-life. Many of the genes were involved in specific neuronal and glial pathways with previously unrecognized relationships to aging and / or cognitive decline. The processes identified by the strategy suggest a new hypothesis of brain aging in which initially decreased neuronal activity and / or oxidative metabolism trigger separate but parallel genomic cascades in neurons and glia. In neurons, the cascade results in elevations in calcium signaling and reductions of immediate early gene signaling, biosynthesis, synaptogenesis and neurite remodeling. In contrast, glia undergo increased lipid metabolism and mediate a cycle of demyelination and remyelination that induces antigen presentation, inflammation, oxidative stress and extracellular restructuring. These identified genes and the proteins they encode can be used as novel biomarkers of brain aging and as targets for developing treatment methods against age-related cognitive decline, Alzheimer's Disease and Parkinson's Disease.

This technology relates generally to compounds and methods for stimulating neurogenesis (e.g., post-natal neurogenesis, including post-natal hippocampal and hypothalamic neurogenesis) and / or protecting neuronal cell from cell death. Various compounds are disclosed herein. In vivo activity tests suggest that these compounds may have therapeutic benefits in neuropsychiatric and / or neurodegenerative diseases such as schizophrenia, major depression, bipolar disorder, normal aging, epilepsy, traumatic brain injury, post-traumatic stress disorder, Parkinson's disease, Alzheimer's disease, Down syndrome, spinocerebellar ataxia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Huntington's disease, stroke, radiation therapy, chronic stress, abuse of a neuro-active drug, retinal degeneration, spinal cord injury, peripheral nerve injury, physiological weight loss associated with various conditions, as well as cognitive decline associated with normal aging, chemotherapy, and the like.

The present invention relates to new compounds which are Heterocyclic derivatives of formula (I) wherein A, B, P, X, Y, Q, W, R1 and R2 are defined in the description. Invention compounds are useful for treating central or peripheral nervous system disorders and other disorders which are affected by the neuromodulatory effect of mGluR5 positive allosteric modulators such as cognitive decline and also to treat both positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia.

The invention relates to methods of diagnosing Alzheimer's disease (AD) in a subject and methods of determining the prognosis in patients with AD. The adhesion molecules P-selectin and L-selectin are described for the first time for use as biomarkers to aid in the diagnosis of AD. The invention further describes the use of one or more of L-selectin, MCP-1, IL-1α, IL-8 and IFN-γ to aid in the prognosis of either accelerated cognitive decline (ACD) or slow cognitive decline (SCD) in patients with AD.

Provided are methods for treating inflammatory neurodegenerative diseases (e.g., multiple sclerosis, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, stroke / cerebral ischemia, head trauma, spinal cord injury, Huntington's disease, migraine, cerebral amyloid angiopathy, inflammatory neurodegenerative condition associated with AIDS, age-related cognitive decline; mild cognitive impairment and prion diseases in a mammal), or at least one symptom thereof in a subject by administering a therapeutic composition comprising at least one electrokinetically-altered fluids (e.g., electrokinetically-generated oxygen-enriched fluids) of the present invention. Particular aspects provide methods for inhibiting and / or modulating the function and / or activity of effector T-cells, and / or for cell-based tolerogenic therapy (e.g., by modulating development and / or function and / or activity of TREG cells and / or dendritic cells (DCs) and / or TH17 cells (e.g., RORγt+ TH17 cells). In certain aspects such methods comprise ex vivo exposure of T-cells and / or APC (e.g., dendridic cells) to at least one electrokinetically-altered fluid as disclosed herein. Combination therapies are additionally provided.

This invention relates to compounds of formula Itheir use as positive allosteric modulators of mGlu5 receptor activity, pharmaceutical compositions containing the same, and methods of using the same as agents for treatment and / or prevention of neurological and psychiatric disorders associated with glutamate dysfunction such as schizophrenia or cognitive decline such as dementia or cognitive impairment. A, B, X, R1, R2, R3 have meanings given in the description.

The present invention provides compositions and methods for treating, preventing, or reversing neuronal dysfunction including cognitive decline, such as cognitive decline associated with aging and minimal cognitive impairment; severe neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease; and neuronal dysfunction associated with loss of motor skills, such as Parkinson's disease and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis. The compositions and methods of the invention can also treat or prevent neuronal dysfunction resulting from CNS injury, such as stroke, spinal-cord injury, and peripheral-nerve injury. The compositions of the invention comprises a huperzine compound and a nicotinic compound.

This invention relates to compounds of formula Itheir use as positive allosteric modulators of mGlu5 receptor activity, pharmaceutical compositions containing the same, and methods of using the same as agents for treatment and / or prevention of neurological and psychiatric disorders associated with glutamate dysfunction such as schizophrenia or cognitive decline such as dementia or cognitive impairment. A, B, X, R1, R2, R3 have meanings given in the description.

A composition for treating, ameliorating and / or preventing conditions associated with cognitive decline and / or motor neuron death comprise a fatty acid component enriched for one or more activated fatty acids and a nutraceutically acceptable excipient. A method for treating, ameliorating and / or preventing conditions associated with cognitive decline and / or motor neuron death includes administering a fatty acid component enriched for one or more activated fatty acids.

The present invention provides new compounds of formula I, wherein P, A, W, B, Q, R1 and R2 are defined as in formula I; invention compounds are positive allosteric modulators of metabotropic receptors—subtype 5 (“mGluR5”) which are useful for the treatment or prevention of central nervous system disorders such as for example: cognitive decline, both positive and negative symptoms in schizophrenia as well as other disorders in which the mGluR5 subtype of glutamate metabotropic receptor is involved.

The presently disclosed subject matter relates generally to the fields of molecular biology and medicine. More particularly, it concerns methods involving the use of GSK3 inhibitors in combination with radiation therapies. In some embodiments, administration of a GSK3 inhibitor to a subject results in an amelioration of cognitive decline, toxicity to vascular endothelial cells, and / or neuron death associated with radiation therapy alone.

The present invention provides a novel method for preventing and treating memory and cognitive impairment resulting from oxidative stress, inflammation and the process of aging, as well as, neurodegenerative conditions. The method is comprised of administering a composition comprising a mixture of Free-B-Ring flavonoids and flavans synthesized and / or isolated from a single plant or multiple plants to a host in need thereof. The present also includes a novel method for simultaneously inhibiting expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines, preventing ROS generation and augmenting anti-oxidant defenses. The activity of this composition is conducive to ultimately preserving cognitive function and providing a level of neuroprotection.

Administration of carotenoids provide a prophylactic and / or therapeutic effect to subjects who are suffering from or at risk to develop cognitive decline or other neurological effects, such as diabetic complications, especially those related to neural tissues like retinopathy, peripheral neuropathy and central nervous system.

A composition for treating, ameleliorating and / or preventing conditions associated with cognitive decline and / or motor neuron death comprise a fatty acid component enriched for one or more activated fatty acids and a nutraceutically acceptable excipient. A method for treating, ameliorating and / or preventing conditions associated with cognitive decline and / or motor neuron death includes administering a fatty acid component enriched for one or more activated fatty acids.

This invention relates to compounds of formula Itheir use as positive allosteric modulators of mGlu5 receptor activity, pharmaceutical compositions containing the same, and methods of using the same as agents for treatment and / or prevention of neurological and psychiatric disorders associated with glutamate dysfunction such as schizophrenia or cognitive decline such as dementia or cognitive impairment. A, B, Ar, R1, R2, R3 have meanings given in the description.

Compounds of structural formula I are modulators of the androgen receptor (AR) in a tissue selective manner. These compounds are useful in the enhancement of weakened muscle tone and the treatment of conditions caused by androgen deficiency or which can be ameliorated by androgen administration, including osteoporosis, osteopenia, glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, periodontal disease, bone fracture, bone damage following bone reconstructive surgery, sarcopenia, frailty, aging skin, male hypogonadism, postmenopausal symptoms in women, atherosclerosis, hypercholesterolemia, hyperlipidemia, obesity, aplastic anemia and other hematopoietic disorders, inflammatory arthritis and joint repair, HIV-wasting, prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), abdominal adiposity, metabolic syndrome, type II diabetes, cancer cachexia, Alzheimer's disease, muscular dystrophies, cognitive decline, sexual dysfunction, sleep apnea, depression, premature ovarian failure, and autoimmune disease, alone or in combination with other active agents.

A method of treating or preventing post-menopausal or post-hysterectomy related cognitive decline in a subject includes administering to the subject a therapeutically effective amount of at least one physiologically acceptable non-estrogenic agent that reduces or eliminates gonadotropin and / or gonadotropin receptor levels in the subject.

This invention relates to compounds of formula Itheir use as positive allosteric modulators of mGlu5 receptor activity, pharmaceutical compositions containing the same, and methods of using the same as agents for treatment and / or prevention of neurological and psychiatric disorders associated with glutamate dysfunction such as schizophrenia or cognitive decline such as dementia or cognitive impairment. A, B, Ar, R1, R2, R3 have meanings given in the description.

This invention relates to compounds of formula Itheir use as positive allosteric modulators of mGlu5 receptor activity, pharmaceutical compositions containing the same, and methods of using the same as agents for treatment and / or prevention of neurological and psychiatric disorders associated with glutamate dysfunction such as schizophrenia or cognitive decline such as dementia or cognitive impairment. A, B, X, R1, R2, R3 have meanings given in the description.

Compounds of structural formula I are modulators of the androgen receptor (AR) in a tissue selective manner. These compounds are useful in the enhancement of weakened muscle tone and the treatment of conditions caused by androgen deficiency or which can be ameliorated by androgen administration, including osteoporosis, osteopenia, glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis, periodontal disease, bone fracture, bone damage following bone reconstructive surgery, sarcopenia, frailty, aging skin, male hypogonadism, postmenopausal symptoms in women, atherosclerosis, hypercholesterolemia, hyperlipidemia, obesity, aplastic anemia and other hematopoietic disorders, inflammatory arthritis and joint repair, HIV-wasting, prostate cancer, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), abdominal adiposity, metabolic syndrome, type II diabetes, cancer cachexia, Alzheimer's disease, muscular dystrophies, cognitive decline, sexual dysfunction, sleep apnea, depression, premature ovarian failure, and autoimmune disease, alone or in combination with other active agents.

Arterial plaques are evaluated by determining their deformation under the periodic pulsatile force of blood flow. A relationship between plaque deformation and rupture risk is established by measurement of a relationship between deformation and cognitive decline in a sample population. The measured parameters include the maximum accumulated axial strain, maximum lateral displacement and maximum shear strains in soft vulnerable plaques.

The invention provides methods for enhancing neurogenesis in an animal. In one embodiment, a method for enhancing neurogenesis in an animal can comprise identifying an animal that is suffering from cognitive decline, that is at risk of becoming cognitively impaired, that is diagnosed with a disease, disorder, or other condition that affects its cognitive abilities, or that is at risk of contracting a disease, disorder, or other condition that affects its cognitive abilities, and administering a composition comprising an unsaturated fatty acid (UFA), a nitric oxide releasing compound (NORC), a B vitamin, and an antioxidant, to the animal, wherein the composition is administered in an amount effective for enhancing neurogenesis in the animal.