The invention relates to a preparation method and application of electrospinning nanofiber. The preparation method is as follows: synthetic and/or natural polymer materials are dissolved in a volatilesolvent under normal temperature and normal pressure, functional substances are added, and nanofibers are obtained by electrospinning; the functional substances comprise, but are not limited to an odor substance, an organic fluorescent compound, a pigment, a temperature sensitive luminescent and color changing material, a cell growth factor, a hemostatic substance, one or a plurality of nutrientsincluding hyaluronic acid, collagen, and the like which promote skin growth. The nanofiber made by electrospinning has the special effects of sterilization, aromatic odor, fluorescent luminescence, multiple colors, temperature sensitive luminescence and color-changing, promoting wound healing, promoting inhibition and interfering with body function, maintaining skin cell vitality and the like. The method can be used in air purification, automotive air purification, fresh air systems, medical, beauty care, and other nanofiber products.