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The invention relates to an aqueous emulsion polymerization of fluorinated monomers using perfluoropolyethers of the following formula (I) or (II). In particular, the perfluoropolyether surfactants correspond to formula (I) or (II)

CF₃—(OCF₂)_m—O—CF₂—X  (I)

wherein m has a value of 1 to 6 and X represents a carboxylic acid group or salt thereof,

CF₃—O—(CF₂)₃—(OCF(CF₃)—CF₂)_z—O-L-Y  (II)

wherein z has a value of 0, 1, 2 or 3, L represents a divalent linking group selected from —CF(CF₃)—, —CF₂— and —CF₂CF₂— and Y represents a carboxylic acid group or salt thereof. The invention further relates to an aqueous dispersion of a fluoropolymer having the aforementioned perfluoropolyether surfactant(s).

This invention involves a virtual environment created through the combination of technologies. The invention employs the knowledge and experience of a Personal Assistant or Host, created through Artificial Intelligence applications, which assists and guides the user of the environment to products and/or services that they will most likely be interested in purchasing or requiring. The intelligent assistant's choices are based on its experiences with the specific user. The intelligent assistant communicates with the user by means of a speech recognition and speech synthesis device. This invention is an easy to use virtual reality environment that takes advantage of existing technologies and global communications networks such as the Internet without requiring any given degree of computer literacy. This invention includes a virtual intelligent assistant for each user which adapts to its user as it provides individualized guidance. The intelligent assistant or avatar projects human-like features and behaviors appropriate to the preferences of its user and appears as a virtual person to the user.

Disclosed herein is an information processing apparatus including: a communication section configured to acquire application programs from external apparatus; a memory used for storing at least an application program and information relevant to the application program; an application execution section configured to execute the application program stored in the memory; and a control section configured to determine other application programs to be recommended in the course of execution of the application program in the application execution section, wherein information stored in the memory as the information relevant to the application program includes first relevant information and second relevant information which are used for determining the other application programs to be recommended in the course of execution of the application program in the application execution section

A method, system, and apparatus are provided for allowing users to readily obtain information associated with a selected item from a remote location. More specifically, a user at the location of the first entity operates a portable imaging device to capture an image of identifying data, such as a barcode, that identifies a selected item. The captured image is then communicated to a server operated by a second entity that is different than the first entity to obtain item information (e.g., price, availability, etc.) associated with the selected item. The item information is communicated back to the portable imaging device for display to the user while the user remains at the location of the first entity. In other embodiments, the information extracted from the captured image may also be used to forecast future purchasing activity for the selected item.

The present invention provides an aqueous emulsion polymerization of fluorinated monomers including gaseous fluorinated monomers using a perfluoro ether surfactant as an emulsifier. The perfluoro ether surfactants correspond to formula (I)

R_f—O—CF₂CF₂—X   (I)

wherein R_f represents a linear or branched perfluoroalkyl group having 1, 2, 3 or 4 carbon atoms and X represents a carboxylic acid group or salt thereof. In a further aspect, the invention also provides an aqueous fluoropolymer dispersion comprising the perfluoro ether surfactant and the use of such dispersion in the coating or impregnation of substrates.

A system for printing a gambling ticket on a print medium, the system comprising: a mobile telecommunications device which comprises: a printer module to print the ticket on the print medium; and, a sensor module to sense a print media identifier of the print medium.

An imaging unit (1) images an imaging object and acquires image data. On the other hand, imaging information which is information at the time of imaging is acquired by an imaging information acquisition unit (2). A storage unit (3) contains image correction information for correcting the acquired image. An imaging information analysis unit (4) analyzes the imaging object and the imaging condition from the imaging information given from the imaging information acquisition unit (2) and reads out image correction information appropriate for the acquired image from the storage unit (3). An image processing unit (5) subjects the image data on the imaging object obtained by the imaging unit (1) to a correction process according to the image correction information obtained by the image correction information acquisition unit (4).

Consumer directed transfers of funds over the Internet are provided by a combination of systems and networks, including the Internet, email, and the Automated Clearinghouse system (ACH). A host system provided by a funds transfer service manages requests of senders to transfer funds and further manages responses of receivers to claim funds. The host system allows the sender to initiate the funds transfer by specifying the amount of the transfer and information for contacting the receiver, without the need to specify the account of the receiver for receiving the funds. Instead, the host system contacts the receiver and informs the receiver of the available funds; the receiver can then provide the necessary target account information for completing the funds transfer. The ACH is used to effect the transfer of funds, with the host system providing instructions for ACH entries to its financial institution using account information separately received from the sender and receiver. The credit risk associated with originating ACH entries is reduced by use of the Point of Sale system to verify sufficient funds in the sender's account by comparing the closing balance of the day the funds transfer is requested with the transfer amount. Sender fraud is reduced by comparing a sender provided balance (or check number/amounts) with an account balance acquired through automated means such as the POS system or ATM network.

Methods, devices, signals, and systems are provided in a message routing architecture which provides improved capabilities for integrating “digital” communication through email messages with “analog” communication through voice and/or fax or pager messages. Email can be addressed using nothing more than a standard telephone or fax number. If the registered owner of the telephone or fax number has a corresponding email address, then the invention converts the telephone or fax number to the email address for delivery and uses standard email delivery systems to deliver the message. If no conventional delivery email address is known, or if the message sender or recipient specify multiple delivery modes, then the email message content is transformed into voice, pager and/or fax content and delivered to the recipient using the telephone or fax number which was specified as the email address. Familiar telecommunications services such as call forwarding and selective call blocking can also be used with messages that originate as email. The invention also supports use of telecommunications numbers as indexes into databases which contain public key certificates, to make it unnecessary for a proposed message recipient to provide its public key expressly in advance to each particular proposed message originator.

A speech data retrieving and presenting device applied with an electronic device through a network includes a data receiving unit, a processing unit and a speech presenting unit. The data receiving unit connected to the network receives data of the electronic device through the network. The processing unit coupled to the data receiving unit receives speech data and retrieves a speech presenting signal from the speech data. The speech presenting unit coupled to the processing unit receives the speech presenting signal and outputs a speech according to the speech data. This device can assist a user to obtain network information, and provide the user a more flexible application according to the property that the device can be operated independently by a simple motion.

From a mobile communication device, road information about either a preliminarily registered point or an arbitrary point on a route from a present position to a destination is transmitted to and received in a network navigation center via a cellular phone base station and a general telephone network. Based on that road information, the network navigation center retrieves traffic information about the registered point or the arbitrary point on the route, and then transmits the retrieved traffic information to the mobile communication device via the general telephone network and the cellular phone base station. The traffic information includes traffic congestion area data about the registered point or the arbitrary point on the route, which is displayed on a display in the mobile communication device wherein the user is informed of future traffic information like traffic congestion.

A database having information sought by a consumer, a database containing consumer attributes, and a database of advertising messages are made responsive to telephone calls placed to an interactive voice response (IVR) system. Alternatively, the databases can be linked to a web site responsive to consumer input. Either system can deliver the advertising messages to the consumer. The database of consumer attributes contains information already known about the consumer that can be used to decide on which advertising message to deliver. The consumer initiates activity by calling the interactive voice response system or accessing the web site. Software identifies the consumer via the consumer-inputted identification and delivers an advertising message likely appeal to the consumer. The advertising message can include an offer to purchase a product or service. The offer can be taken during the advertising period and recorded so as to be sent to a sponsor. The system then disseminates information sought by the customer, such as student grades. Alternatively, software resident at the Web site reads the identity of the customer who is accessing the Web site and recognizes and ascribes various attributes to the customer. The customer has the opportunity to either view the information or, preferably, interactively respond to the advertisement or offer by seeking additional advertisements or by placing an order for the products or services of the sponsoring vendor.

An imaging system is disclosed which provides means for obtaining images with essentially diffraction-limited spatial resolution, and can distinguish between several species of probes within a sample. It may be used with fluorescent, luminescent, up-converting reporter, quantum dot, and other types of probes. Two or more exposures are taken through a filter which expresses different filter states, one of which is preferably a relatively neutral state with high transmission for all wavelengths of interest, and the others of which provide predetermined variation in transmission that are preferably sloping or periodic in wavelength. The probe species is identified by the ratio of response at the various filter settings.

To convert the structure of a Web page into contents that a user can easily listen to, and for permitting the user to access and obtain information without have to perform and navigation, in a manner similar to listening to the radio. A designated target page is obtained from a Web server, and a linked list for the target page is analyzed to obtain a linked destination page. A transcoding module inserts the main content of the linked destination page into a linked location on the target page, and converts the page into a structure appropriate for oral reading. Then, a VoiceXML generation module converts the target page into a VoiceXML document, and a VoiceXML browser performs a speech response process for the VoiceXML document. A command is input to the VoiceXML browser orally or by using a dial key entry provided using a telephone, and a speech from the VoiceXML browser is output to the telephone.

A system and method retrieve location-centric information. The method includes providing geographic position information of a wireless device to an information system or database and receiving location identifiers based on the geographic position. Each location identifier has related location-centric information that can be viewed by the user of the wireless device.

An information presentation apparatus is provided presenting an interface suitable for selecting desired information from a plurality of information. The apparatus has three methods of presenting information. The first method is to present information by sequentially playing and presenting a plurality of audio information related to the information in turn. The second method is to present the plurality of audio information at the same time wherein each sound has its directivity. The third method is a combination of the first and second methods wherein user can select desired method between the two depending on kinds of information presented.

A substrate-fluorescent LED having a fluorescent-impurity doped substrate and an epitaxial emission structure including an active layer and being made on the substrate. The epitaxial emission structure emits blue or green light corresponding to the band gap of the active layer. The substrate absorbs a part of the blue or green light and makes fluorescence of a longer wavelength. Neutral color light or white light is emitted from the LED. The fluorescent substrate is n-AlGaAs(Si dope), GaP(Zn+O dope), ZnSe(Cu+I, Ag+I, Al+I dope), GaN(O.C.Va(N) dope) or so.

The invention relates to a method for transforming a monocotyledonous plant. The time required from transformation to regeneration of a plant is shorter using the inventive method so that the frequency of emergence of mutants is smaller than the conventional methods. The inventive method may be generally applied even to the plants for which a regeneration method from a protoplast to a plant has not been established, and with which the preparation of the material to be subjected to the method is easy. That is, the present invention provides a method for transforming a monocotyledonous plant, comprising contacting a cultured tissue of said monocotyledonous plant during dedifferentiation thereof obtained by culturing an explant on a dedifferentiation-inducing medium for less than 7 days with a bacterium belonging to the genus Agrobacterium containing a super binary vector having the virulence region of a Ti plasmid, left and right border sequences of T-DNA of a Ti plasmid or an Ri plasmid of a bacterium belonging to the genus Agrobacterium, and a desired gene located between said left and right border sequences.

Compositions and methods for manufacturing sheets having a starch-bound matrix reinforced with fibers and optionally including an inorganic mineral filler. Suitable mixtures for forming the sheets are prepared by mixing together water, unmodified and ungelatinized starch granules, an auxiliary water-dispersible organic polymer, fibers, and optionally an inorganic mineral filler in the correct proportions to form a sheet having desired properties. The mixtures are formed into sheets by passing them between one or more sets of heated rollers to form green sheets. The heated rollers cause the auxiliary polymer to form a skin on the outer surfaces of the sheet that prevents the starch granules from causing the sheet to adhere to the rollers upon gelation of the starch. The green sheets are passed between heated rollers to gelatinize the starch granules, and then to dry the sheet by removing a substantial portion of the water by evaporation. The starch and auxiliary polymer form the binding matrix of the sheets with the fibers and optional inorganic filler dispersed throughout the binding matrix. The starch-bound sheets can be cut, rolled, pressed, scored, perforated, folded, and glued to fashion articles from the sheets much like paper or paperboard. The sheets are particularly useful in the mass production of containers, such as food and beverage containers.

A digital camera has an image capturing unit, a display unit, a face portion detecting unit, face portion selecting device and a control unit. The image capturing unit photoelectrically captures an image of a subject including a face portion of the subject and obtains image data of the subject. The display unit displays an image of the subject based on the image data obtained by the image capturing unit. The face portion detecting unit detects face portion of the subject from the image data captured by the image capturing unit. The face portion selecting device selects a face portion detected by the face portion detecting unit as a main subject to which attention is to be paid. The control unit controls the display unit to display a face image of the face portion selected by the face portion selecting device, in enlargement.

A process for obtaining an object image of at least one object (40) is described, wherein at least two partial images of the object (40) are taken under differing object conditions which are formed on the object with spatial patterns, wherein a non-linear dependence of the light detectable from the object point on the object conditions given at the object point exists and the partial images contain different contributions of various space frequency components of the object structure, and the desired object image is determined from the partial images by reconstruction of the space frequency components. Optical systems for implementing this type of process are also described.

An arrangement for distributing information from Information Providers (IP) to Information Recipients (IR) that utilizes the email system and the Internet to communicate with popular hardware devices—computers, PDAs, cellular phones, etc. IRs receive information anonymously and only the information desired. IPs do not need to “spam” the world in the hope of getting their information into the right hands because it is organized in a manner that allows IRs to receive exactly what they are looking for. Information is provided by an IP to an IR in response to a request from an IR. A PR server organizes and stores information uploaded by IPs, retrieves information requested by an IR and sends an automated response to the IR. A web domain is associated with the PR server provides a common email addressing scheme for communicating between the PR server and the IRs.

An electronic endoscope system includes a light source device for sequentially emitting light having different wavelength bands, an electronic endoscope for receiving reflected light of light sequentially illuminating a subject tissue containing a blood vessel in a body cavity and sequentially outputting an imaging signal corresponding to the wavelength band of the received light, an aligner for aligning images corresponding to imaging signals obtained using light having different wavelength bands outputted from the electronic endoscope, an image producer for producing an oxygen saturation level image representing the distribution of the oxygen saturation level in the blood vessel in a given depth from the imaging signals of the images aligned by the aligner, and an image display for displaying the oxygen saturation level image produced by the image producer.