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8645 results about "Plasmid" patented technology

A plasmid is a small DNA molecule within a cell that is physically separated from chromosomal DNA and can replicate independently. They are most commonly found as small circular, double-stranded DNA molecules in bacteria; however, plasmids are sometimes present in archaea and eukaryotic organisms. In nature, plasmids often carry genes that benefit the survival of the organism, such as by providing antibiotic resistance. While the chromosomes are big and contain all the essential genetic information for living under normal conditions, plasmids usually are very small and contain only additional genes that may be useful in certain situations or conditions. Artificial plasmids are widely used as vectors in molecular cloning, serving to drive the replication of recombinant DNA sequences within host organisms. In the laboratory, plasmids may be introduced into a cell via transformation.

Vaccine formulations

The present invention provides for a novel oil-in-water (O / W) emulsion, with increased stability in the presence of bacterial or viral suspensions, especially those concentrated and non-purified or weakly purified. The emulsion of the present invention can act as vehicle for the delivery of a pharmaceutical composition comprising at least one immunogen and, in particular, an immunogen selected from the group comprising an inactivated pathogen, an attenuated pathogen, a subunit, a recombinant expression vector, and a plasmid or combinations thereof. In one embodiment, the present invention provides for an injectable oil-in-water (O / W) emulsion comprising: (1) an aqueous solution containing an immunogen, said immunogen selected from the group comprising an inactivated Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae bacterium, an inactivated porcine circovirus type 2 (PCV-2) virus or combinations thereof; (2) a mineral oil; (3) a non-ionic lipophilic surfactant; and (4) a non-ionic hydrophilic surfactant having a low HLB value which comprises ethoxylated fatty acid diesters of sorbitan (generally having HLB value between 11 and 13). In another preferred embodiment, the present invention provides for an injectable oil-in-water (O / W) emulsion comprising: (1) an aqueous solution containing an immunogen; (2) a non-ionic hydrophilic surfactant having a high hydrophilic-lipophilic balance (HLB) value greater than 13 and less than 40, in particular HLB≧13.5, and preferably HLB≧14; (3) a mineral oil; (4) a non-ionic lipophilic surfactant; and (5) a non-ionic hydrophilic surfactant having a low HLB value (HLB value of about 9 to about 13).
Owner:MERIAL INC
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