2508 results about "Free water" patented technology

A peritoneal-based (“bloodless”) artificial kidney processes peritoneal fluid without need for additional fluids (“waterless”). Fluid is separated into a protein-rich stream and a protein-free stream. The protein-rich stream is regenerated using a sorbent assembly, and its protein composition can be modified by removal of selected protein(s) (“dialysate-pheresis”). It is then reconstituted with additives and returned into the peritoneal cavity, thereby reducing protein-loss and providing oncotic-pressure for ultrafiltration. The protein-free stream is used to produce free water, and an alkaline or acid fluid for optimization of the composition of the regenerated stream. The unused protein-free stream can be used to “reverse flush” the separator to maintain its patency and the excess discarded for fluid-balance regulation. Compared to prior art, immobilization of urease allows more protein rich fluid to be regenerated and re-circulated into the peritoneal cavity for toxin removal and allows practicable development of portable and wearable artificial kidneys.

A concentrate, system and low-temperature process for preparing a shelf-stable milk concentrate that does not require ultra-high temperature thermal processing for control of the microbiology of the product is disclosed herein. The method preferably incorporates aseptic technology and the enzymatic reduction of lactose to control water activity. The method preferably includes the enzymatic conversion of the lactose in the milk to its component sugars glucose and galactose, which preferably changes the colligative properties of the concentrate, decreases the amount of free water, and reduces the osmolarity.

Apparatus and methods for detecting and eliminating water flow leakage conditions within appliances having integral water filtration systems. Leak free water delivery systems for use with an appliance can include an isolation valve and flow sensor for providing a response mechanism for possible water leakages within the integral water filtrations system. The appliance makes use of a flow sensor to sense water flow rates within a preselected flow range. When water flow rates outside the preselected flow range are sensed, the isolation valve is closed to prevent non-transient water flow through the water system. The isolation valve can be remotely located on an inlet line or can be as a part of the integral water filtration system. The integral water filtration system can include a manual or automatic reset mechanism such that a user can restore water flow after a low flow or high flow situation has been rectified.

A superabsorbent polymer comprising a delayed absorption superabsorbent polymer having a free water absorbency property of absorbing less than about 3 grams of aqueous saline per gram of superabsorbent polymer in about 6 seconds, for a full particle size distribution of superabsorbent polymer ranging from about 40 micrometers to about 890 micrometers.

The invention discloses a special seedling-raising medium for leaf vegetables, belonging to the technical field of soilless culture. The medium comprises vinegar residue, manioc waste and other organic wastes, as well as vermiculite, grass carbon, plant ash and perlite. The formula of the medium comprises the following components in volume ratio: 25-35 parts of vinegar residue, 5-10 parts of manioc waste, 10-15 parts of plant ash, 15-20 parts of vermiculite, 20-25 parts of grass carbon and 5-10 parts of perlite; and the medium has total nutrient content of 1-3%, free water content of 25-40%, total porosity of 65-85%, volume weight of 0.1-0.8g / m<3>, pH of 5.5-7.5, EC (electrical conductivity) value of 0.5-2.0mS / cm and dry base organic matter content of not less than 25%. The special seedling-raising medium disclosed by the invention mainly takes the vinegar residue, the manioc waste and other organic wastes as raw materials, and high-temperature fermentation treatment is performed for producing the soilless culture medium, so that the wastes are changed into valuables and harmful things are further turned to beneficial things. The special seedling-raising medium has the advantages of low cost, light texture and complete nutrition, is very suitable for raising seedlings of the leaf vegetables, and becomes a good seedling-raising medium for soilless culture of horticultural crops.

Fresh or stockpiled cement kiln dust is moistened with sufficient water so that the amount of total free and combined water relative to dust is about 3 parts water to 1 part dust by mass, or less. The wet solids are treated with carbon dioxide to convert compounds, such as calcium hydroxide, to carbonates, such as calcium carbonate. The degree of carbonation is controlled so that the solubility of calcium becomes minimum for the dust being treated; this is also when hydroxyl and bicarbonate ions in solution are about at their minima. As the carbonation reactions occur, the water combined in hydroxides is released as free water so that the mixture becomes a slurry and the potentially soluble alkalies and sulfate (and any chlorides present) are released to the liquid phase. The solids are separated from the liquid, and the solids, which may be washed, provide a material suitable for return as feed to the kiln. The liquid, which contains the dissolved alkali compounds, is recycled to reclaim additional dust or treated to recover alkali salts when the alkali salts are sufficiently concentrated.While any source of carbon dioxide may be used, the preferred source is exit gases from the kiln. The gases are conditioned by condensation of water and removal of ammonium compounds, such as sulfate and chloride. The conditioning condensate may be treated to recover useful byproduct salts.

The invention provides a solar cell panel automatic cleaning device and a transfer connection machine for transferring the solar cell panel automatic cleaning device, wherein the solar cell panel automatic cleaning device is good in effect, can work without water and is suitable for a large solar power generation station. The solar cell panel automatic cleaning device is composed of a mobile frame, a cleaning mechanism which is arranged on the mobile frame and can make reciprocating or circulating movement along one border of the mobile frame, and a control system, the mobile frame can be erected on horizontal row-type solar cell panel sets and can make reciprocating movement along the long side of the solar cell panel sets, and the frame face of the mobile frame is parallel to the surfaces of the solar cell panel sets. Due to the device, the solar cell panel cleaning process can be automatic, easy and efficient, and cleaning can be performed without water; the cleaning process can also be remotely monitored and controlled; high-quality and high-reliability cleaning can be achieved under various weather and terrain conditions. The invention further provides a mobile free-water automatic cleaning device used for the multiple rows of solar cell panel sets. The device is applicable to all existing and newly-built solar photovoltaic power stations.

The invention relates to a phosphorus-free metal cleaning agent comprising the components of, by weight, 2-20% of a cleaning aid, 1-20% of a surfactant, 1-10% of a chelating agent, 1-20% of an emulsifier, 1-10% of an antirust agent, 0.2-4% of a copper alloy corrosion inhibitor, 1-10% of a penetration agent, 1-6% of a solubilizing agent, 0.1-0.6% of a defoaming agent, and balance of water. The cleaning agent provided by the invention has excellent cleaning capacity, long rust proof period, low foam, long service life, and the like. The cleaning agent is suitable for ferrous metal and non-ferrous metal processing industries. The agent has the advantages of no volatilization, no irritation, no toxic or harmful substance such as nitrite, no damage to health, and no environment pollution.

A method of making a colloidally stable suspension of naked metal nanocrystals includes the steps of: at least partly immersing a metallic sacrificial anode and a cathode into a body of essentially contaminant-free water, the metallic sacrificial anode that includes an essentially contaminant-free metal starting material for making nanocrystals; and applying a voltage potential across the anode and the cathode to form a colloidally stable suspension of naked metal nanocrystals composed essentially of metal from the metallic sacrificial anode.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a solar light splitting water hydrogen production catalyst without noble metal as a cocatalyst. Specifically, graphene is used as a cocatalyst to prepare semiconductor nanoparticle-graphene composite photocatalysts, including CdS-graphene composites and TiO2-graphene composites. The hydrogen production efficiency of the photocatalyst with graphene as the cocatalyst is comparable to or even higher than that of the photocatalyst containing the same mass of noble metal Pt under the same hydrogen production conditions. Graphene materials have good electron aggregation and transport functions, which promote the effective separation of electrons and holes, reduce the probability of proton recombination, and increase the photocatalytic efficiency of photocatalysts and the efficiency of photo-splitting water to produce hydrogen; and the preparation method of graphene materials is simple , cheaper than precious metals, and has no pollution to the environment, which is conducive to large-scale preparation and production. The preparation of photocatalysts using graphene as a cocatalyst has opened up a new method for reducing the cost of hydrogen production from solar energy and improving the efficiency of hydrogen production by photolysis of water.

The present disclosure relates to a method to estimate a subsurface formation property. A downhole logging tool is provided and disposed in a wellbore. Multiple measurements of various measurement types are obtained at various depths of investigation using the downhole logging tool. The multiple measurements may include natural gamma ray measurements, density measurements, resistivity measurements, nuclear measurements, and nuclear magnetic resonance measurements. The signal-to-noise ratio of the measured signals is increased using, for example, lateral stacking and multi-shell inversion. The subsurface formation property is estimated using the increased signal-to-noise ratio signals. The subsurface formation property may include porosity, adsorbed gas volume, free gas volume, bound water volume, free water volume, oil volume, and kerogen volume. A fluid analysis may be performed using a multi-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance technique. Fluids such as water, oil, gas, and oil-based mud in the wellbore may be identified and / or evaluated.

The invention discloses an advanced detection system and method for TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) tunnel construction based on forward three-dimensional induced polarization. By fully utilizing a narrow detection space of a full-face excavated tunnel, controlling the opening of cabin doors of a power supply and measuring electrode cabin and a shielding electrode cabin through controllers, and controlling corresponding hydraulic transmission devices to automatically and rapidly arrange power supply, measurement and shielding electrode systems onto a TBM tunneling working face and side wall bottom plates at the rear of the TBM tunneling working face, under the effect of a shielding current system, tomographic detection power supply current points to the front of the working face. By using the detection method based on the forward three-dimensional induced polarization, the three-dimensional geological information of the front of the working face can be obtained. Moreover, by using a relation between induced polarization half-time difference and water flow, the magnitude of the water flow of a water body can be quantitatively forecasted. In addition, the parameter, i.e. the half-time difference has a stronger ability of distinguishing free water and bound water.

A battery paste is disclosed. One such paste consists essentially of at least one lead oxide (i.e., an uncalcined oxide of lead) and at least one lead oxide sulfate, sufficient water to moisten the paste, and from 0.02 percent to 15 percent based on the weight of the lead oxide plus the weight of the lead oxide sulfate, calculated as the lead oxide, of glass fibers having an average diameter not greater than 15 micron. Another paste consists essentially of at least one lead oxide and at least one lead oxide sulfate, sufficient water to moisten the paste, and from 1 percent to 15 percent based on the weight of the lead oxide plus the weight of the lead oxide sulfate, calculated as the lead oxide, of glass fibers of a specific composition that enables specific beneficial ions to diffuse into the paste during the life of the battery.A method for producing such a battery paste and a delivery system for adding the additives that are added into the paste is also disclosed. The method comprises charging a part of the water and a part of the special composition glass fibers desired in the paste to a mechanical mixer, mixing the water and fibers, adding the lead oxide or oxides desired in the paste to the mixer, mixing the water, glass fibers and lead oxide or oxides until essentially all of the free water in the mixer has been mixed with the lead oxide or oxides, adding the rest of the water required to moisten the paste to the desired consistency and the sulfuric acid required to form the lead oxide sulfate or sulfates, and mixing the paste.The delivery system is the charging to a paste batch of a glass fiber mat that has been impregnated with the other required additives in such a proportion that a certain size / weight of the mat provides all the additional ingredients.

The invention discloses an industrial waste salt slag innocent treatment method. The industrial waste salt slag innocent treatment method mainly comprises the following steps: a) burdening materials according to types of the industrial waste salt slag, and uniformly mixing the materials; 2) drying the mixture, wherein the drying process at least comprises initial drying and medium microwave drying, the initial drying process can remove the most part of free water, the medium microwave drying can remove the crystal water and gasify a part of organic matters, and the drying temperature is a continuously adjustable stable temperature gradient; c) anaerobic microwave pyrolysis: pyrolyzing the dried mixture at the temperature of 450-500 DEG C and under a nitrogen charged environment for more than 100 minutes, so as to pyrolyze the organic matters to form micromolecules to be gasified, organic salt to be split and gasified and the contained ammonium salt to be decomposed; 3) conducting air cooling to the pyrolyzed waste salt to be put in storage, and then conducting complete innocent treatment to the pyrolyzed waste salt, detecting and then selling the qualified product or reusing the treated waste salt. The industrial waste salt slag innocent treatment method has the characteristics of safety, efficiency, energy conservation and the like, has the obvious advantage in the resource recycling aspect, can greatly slow down the solid waste management stress in the industrial developed area, in particular the chemical engineering petrochemical industry park, is favorable to promote the related sustained development of the park.

A method for estimating fluid saturation in a formation penetrated by a wellbore from nuclear magnetic resonance measurements made at a plurality of lateral depths into the formation from the wellbore includes estimating a bound water volume, a total porosity and a free water volume at each of the lateral depths from the nuclear magnetic resonance measurements. A minimum water saturation is estimated at each lateral depth from the total porosity, the free water volume and the bound water volume at each lateral depth. A value of water saturation is estimated at each lateral depth from the minimum water saturation at each lateral depth. A relationship between lateral depth and water saturation is determined. Water saturation is estimated at a selected lateral depth greater than the greatest lateral depth of the nuclear magnetic resonance measurements.

The invention discloses a technique for treating the tail gas of an acrylonitrile device, which is suitable for treating acrylonitrile tail gas discharged by the acrylonitrile device. The technique is characterized in that: after free water is separated out by a gas-liquid separator, the acrylonitrile tail gas is mixed with air, a noble metal monolithic catalyst is taken as a catalyst and catalytic oxidation reaction is carried out to turn harmful volatile organic compounds into carbon dioxide and water; then a selective reduction monolithic catalyst is taken as a catalyst and selective catalytic reduction reaction with added ammonia is carried out to reduce nitrogen oxide in the tail gas into nitrogen and water. The technique has the advantages of simple technique, turning the harmful volatile organic compounds and nitrogen oxide in the tail gas into carbon dioxide, nitrogen and water, without secondary pollution, the test results totally meeting the environmental protection control requirements of the State Standard of China, adopting a tail gas heat exchanger to recycle reaction heat to heat input tail gas, needing no additional fuel during the normal operation process, small system resistance and low operation cost.

The invention discloses a triaxial creep tester of unsaturated soil, and relates to a geotechnical test apparatus. By inlaying a china clay plate with high air entry value in the pedestal of a pressure chamber, the geotechnical test apparatus allows water in a soil sample to pass through the china clay plate, but exerted gas cannot pass through, thereby realizing the aims of controlling groundmass suction and ensuring waterdrainage. The upper part of the china clay plate has a sample sleeved with a rubber membrane, and the upper part of the sample is provided with a porous plate and a sample cap; the sample cap is connected with a set of pipelines capable of controlling air pressure to exert pore air pressure on the sample and control pore air pressure; and the bottom of the china clay plate is respectively connected with a wash pipe and a drainpipe which play roles in washing air bubbles on the bottom of the china clay plate and waterdrainage respectively. A sample pressure chamber adopts a double-layer pressure chamber, namely a double-layer organic glass cylinder. An inner pressure chamber is filled with air-free water to exert a confining pressure on the sample, while an outer pressure chamber exerts an air pressure of equivalent confining pressure value to eliminate the influence on bulk variate caused by the deformation of the inner pressure chamber.

The invention relates to a nickel catalyst used for selective hydrogenation and provided with a complex hole structure and mainly solves the technical problems that the catalyst has low low-temperature activity, bad anti-jamming ability, low sol ability, bad stability and bad free water resistant performance existing in the prior art. The invention comprises the following compositions based on the weight percentage: (a) 5.0 percent to 40.0 percent of metal nickel or oxides of the metal nickel; (b) 0.01 percent to 20.0 percent of at least one element chosen from molybdenum or tungsten or the oxide thereof; (c) 0.01 percent to 10.0 percent of at least one element chosen from rare earth or the oxide thereof; (d) 0.01 percent to 2.0 percent of at least one element chosen from IA or IIA in Periodic Table of Elements or the oxide thereof; (e) 0 to 15.0 percent of at least one element chosen from silicon, phosphor, boron or fluorin or the oxide thereof; (f) 0 to 10.0 percent of at least one element chosen from IVB in Periodic Table of Elements or the oxide thereof; (g) the remaining alumina carrier, wherein, the technical proposal that the total pore volume of the carrier is between 0.5 and 1.2ml / g, the pore volume the pore diameter of which is less than 30 nanos accounts for 5 to 65 percent of the total pore volume, the pore volume the pore diameter of which is between 30 and 60 nanos accounts for 20 to 80 percent of the total pore volume, the pore volume the pore diameter of which is more than 60 nanos accounts for 20 to 50 percent of the total pore volume, better solves the problems and can be used in the industrial production of selective hydrogenation of cracking gasolilne.

The subject invention relates generally to methods and apparatuses for calcining gypsum. The apparatuses and methods place a gypsum particle optimizer in close association with the impact mill so that all the gypsum supplied to the impact mill has to enter the gypsum particle optimizer prior to the gypsum entering the impact mill, and so that heat generated from the impact mill enters into the gypsum particle optimizer from the impact mill. The gypsum particle optimizer utilizes a rotor to disperse the gypsum throughout the gypsum particle optimizer so that the gypsum is exposed to the heat from the impact mill prior to entering the impact mill. The exposure to the heat removes free water from the gypsum prior to the gypsum entering the impact mill.

The invention belongs to the field of chemical coatings, and specifically relates to a VOC (Volatile Organic Compounds)-free water-based epoxy curing agent. The curing agent comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 12-25% of epoxy resin, 15-30% of terminal epoxy glycidyl ether, 3-11% of polyether amine, 18-35% of an amine compound and 40-60% of deionized water. The preparation method of the curing agent comprises the following steps: preparation of an intermediate, epoxy-amine addition and dispersion by using deionized water. The preparation method of the curing agent is simple, the reaction process is easy to control, no organic solvent is used in the preparation process and the storage stability of the curing agent is good. A water-based epoxy zinc-enriched primer which is made of the curing agent has the characteristics of high drying speed, low applicable temperature, good film flexibility, high hardness, excellent corrosion resistance and the like, and can be applied to the fields such as ocean engineering, bridges, grade levels, high-speed rail facilities, wind power equipment, petrochemical engineering and heavy machinery.

The invention relates to a method for selective hydrogenation of full-run pyrolysis gasoline, which mainly solves the technical problem in the prior art that it is difficult to selectively hydrogenate full-run pyrolysis gasoline with high colloid and free water content. The present invention adopts the pyrolysis gasoline and hydrogen of the hydrocarbon compound fraction with C5 hydrocarbon to dry point of 204 DEG C as raw materials, the reaction temperature is 30 to 80 DEG C, the reaction pressure is 2.0 to 3.0 MPa, and the fresh oil space velocity is 2.5 to 5.0 hour-1, under the condition that the hydrogen / oil volume ratio is 60-120:1, the raw material is contacted with the catalyst and reacts to convert the diolefin and alkenyl aromatic components in the raw material into monoolefin and alkylaromatic. Including alumina support, active component metal palladium or its oxide, at least one element selected from IA or IIA in the periodic table or its oxide, at least one element selected from IVA or VA in the periodic table or its oxide Oxide, the specific surface area of ​​the carrier is 40-160 m2 / g, the total pore volume is 0.3-1.2 ml / g, and the carrier has a technical solution of composite pore distribution, which solves this problem well and can be used for full-run pyrolysis gasoline In the industrial production of selective hydrogenation.

The invention relates to an aquatic vegetable preservative, which comprises citric acid, calcium chloride, sodium tripolyphosphate and vitamin C solution; the quality percentage concentration of the components are that: citric acid accounts for 0.15 percent to 0.2 percent; calcium chloride accounts for 0.5 percent; sodium tripolyphosphate accounts for 0.3 percent to 0.5 percent ; and vitamin C occupies 0.15 percent to 0.2 percent. The invention can be used in the refreshment of fresh lotus seeds, fresh water bamboo and fresh lotus root. The preservation methods are that: firstly, after the processing of sterilization, the fresh lotus seeds, fresh water bamboo and fresh lotus root are soaked for 15 minutes by the chlorine dioxide in a certain concentration; secondly, the dried fresh lotus seeds, fresh water bamboo and fresh lotus root are soaked and sterilized for 2 hours by the preservative in a certain percentage, and then the free water on which is drained; thirdly, a vacuum packaging or modified atmosphere packaging can be implemented for the materials, and then is arranged in the environment under 0 DEG C to 5 DEG C for storage; the shelf life for the aquatic vegetable is more than or equal to 60 days. After the toxicity test, the preservative is in a relative non-toxic level. The invention has the advantages of safety and high efficiency without sulfite components.

The invention discloses a making method of paper plaster board, which comprises the following steps: mixing the phosphogypsum and desulfuration plaster according to the weight ratio at 50-90:50-10; drying until the free water content under 5 percent; sintering the plaster at 160-220 DEG C continually to form the calcined gypsum powder with 5-9 percent crystal water; cooling in the bin; placing to obtain the architecture plaster powder; stirring the plaster powder with white corn starch latex, foaming agent, glass fiber and water evenly into material paste; compounding the roof and bottom of paper plaster board through plate-typed molder. The invention saves the natural plaster resource and cost, which improves the product property.

Disclosed is an advanced detector system and method using a forward three-dimensional induced polarization method for a TBM (Tunnel Boring Machine) construction tunnel. A narrow detection space of a full-face excavated tunnel is fully used, a controller controls doors of a source and measuring electrode compartment and a shielding electrode compartment to open and controls a corresponding hydraulic delivery device to automatically and quickly arrange a source electrode system, a measuring electrode system and a shielding electrode system. Under the action of a shielding current system, tomography detection supply current is directed ahead of the working face. Three-dimensional geologic information can be obtained, and the relationship between an induced polarization half-decay time difference and a water quantity can be used to quantitatively forecast the water quantity of a water-bearing body, and meanwhile, the half-decay time difference parameter has a high capacity of distinguishing free water from bound water.

A water supply apparatus with self-balanced inlet pressure without negative pressure is described, which includes a tank, an air pump, a water pump, a micro-processor based automatic control unit, pressure sensors, level sensors, unidirectional valve. Features of this new design include dual cavity storage tank and air activated pressure stabilizer. In the tank a pre-pressed gas is contained. The pressure is maintained using a self-balanced pressure stabilizer. There is no need to add environmental air. Subsequently, environmental air related pollution is avoided.

The invention discloses a new method for deeply dewatering sludge through bio-leaching process rapid conditioning. The method comprises the steps of firstly performing bio-leaching conditioning on sludge, namely, directly pumping concentrated liquid sludge of a sewage treatment plant into a bio-leaching reactor which contains special composite microbial community, performing treatment for 1.5-2 days, changing bound water in the sludge into free water which can be removed relatively easily by virtue of the microbial substitution effect, biological oxidation effect and biological acidification effect, dissolving out heavy metals from the sludge at the same time, entering an aqueous phase, killing pathogens in the sludge, then collecting the sludge subjected to bio-leaching in a homogeneous pool, directly transporting to a common-pressure diaphragm chamber type filter press by virtue of a pump, and dewatering, wherein the moisture content of dewatered sludge cake is less than 60%, and no flocculant like PAM (polyacrylamide) is added during the preparation process. The method disclosed by the invention is performed under normal temperature and pressure, and has low cost; the dewatered sludge cake is low in moisture content, odorless, and yellowish-brown in color; and the organic matters, calorific values and nutrients of the dewatered sludge can not be reduced, thus facilitating the subsequent resource utilization.