476results about How to "Improve hydrogen production efficiency" patented technology

The invention relates to a preparation method of a solar light splitting water hydrogen production catalyst without noble metal as a cocatalyst. Specifically, graphene is used as a cocatalyst to prepare semiconductor nanoparticle-graphene composite photocatalysts, including CdS-graphene composites and TiO2-graphene composites. The hydrogen production efficiency of the photocatalyst with graphene as the cocatalyst is comparable to or even higher than that of the photocatalyst containing the same mass of noble metal Pt under the same hydrogen production conditions. Graphene materials have good electron aggregation and transport functions, which promote the effective separation of electrons and holes, reduce the probability of proton recombination, and increase the photocatalytic efficiency of photocatalysts and the efficiency of photo-splitting water to produce hydrogen; and the preparation method of graphene materials is simple , cheaper than precious metals, and has no pollution to the environment, which is conducive to large-scale preparation and production. The preparation of photocatalysts using graphene as a cocatalyst has opened up a new method for reducing the cost of hydrogen production from solar energy and improving the efficiency of hydrogen production by photolysis of water.

The invention provides a high-efficiency large-scale solar water decomposition hydrogen production technique based on photocatalysis - photoelectrocatalysis. The technique comprises the following steps that soluble high-valence electron carriers are converted into low-valence electron carriers by a powdered photocatalyst under illumination of the sun, so that large-area solar storage is realized, besides, oxygen is emitted, and protons are generated; an electrolyte solution storing the electron carriers and the protons is conveyed into a photoelectrocatalysis basin; and a photon-generated carrier is generated at the anode of the photoelectrocatalysis basin by utilizing the sunlight, so that the low-valence electron carriers are oxidized into the high-valence electron carriers, and protons are combined at the cathode of the photoelectrocatalysis basin to generate hydrogen. After the hydrogen is collected, the electrolyte solution is returned to a photocatalysis system for recycling. The whole reaction is driven by sunlight to realize the conversion of solar energy into hydrogen energy.

The invention provides a method and a device for producing hydrogen through blending and gasifying of sludge and biomass. The device comprises a gasification furnace, a cracking furnace and a catalytic reforming furnace. Highly humid sludge and biomass are firstly blended by the device so as to prepare into particles for gasifying, then thermal cracking is carried out on tar gas and vapor produced by gasification in the high-temperature cracking furnace, most heavy tar is converted into light tar, and the tar gas and vapor which are not cracked completely enter the catalytic reforming furnace for further catalytic reforming. According to the invention, municipal sludge, municipal organic household garbage, forestry and agricultural waste and plastic are blended and gasified to produce hydrogen. Low-cost and renewable biomass or gasified fuel gas thereof is used as a heat source for gasification of the sludge and splitting and catalytic reforming of the tar gas, so that the economic value of the biomass energy and sludge resource can be fully used; moisture in the sludge is heated and evaporated in gasification, and the generated vapor is taken as a gasification agent and hydrogen source for gasification and catalytic reforming, so that organic matters in the sludge are recycled and are converted into high-grade and high-value hydrogen energy.

The invention provides a one-dimensional nanometer photocatalyst as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The photocatalyst adopts a one-dimensional CdS nanometer rod structure modified by atom layer thickness MoS2; the formula is CdS: MoS2. The simple polylol pressurizing technology is adopted to realize the synthesis of the CdS: MoS2 composite nanometer photocatalyst; firstly, CdS nanometer rods with uniform size and regular morphology are synthesized in an ethanediamine system; then the polylol pressurizing reduction technology is adopted to decompose ATTM in situ on CdS to obtain the one-dimensional CdS: MoS2 composite nanometer photocatalyst. The catalyst has the solar photocatalytic water hydrogen preparation performance, can largely improve the efficiency of hydrogen production by using sunlight, and is suitable for the field of new energy development.

Methods and systems for the production of hydrocarbon products, including providing a substrate comprising CO to a bioreactor containing a culture of one or more micro-organisms; and fermenting the culture in the bioreactor to produce one or more hydrocarbon products. The substrate comprising CO is derived from an industrial process selected from the group comprising steam reforming processes, refinery processes, steam cracking processes, and reverse water gas shift processes.

A natural gas fueled, direct carbon fuel cell produces electricity and hydrogen. It adds to an existing direct carbon fuel cell a carbon dioxide injection port to the cathode compartment; a natural gas feed port to the anode compartment, a hydrogen extraction port from the anode compartment, and a carbon dioxide extraction port from the anode compartment. To improve hydrogen generation efficiency, the anode compartment may have a louvered baffle dividing the anode compartment into an ante-chamber and a main chamber. The louvered baffle preferably has an upper section with slats angled from bottom to top and a lower section with slats angled from top to bottom. A heat exchanger is preferably included to pre-heat natural gas feed from hot hydrogen effluent. A second heat exchanger is preferably included to pre-heat oxygen-containing gas with hot nitrogen and carbon dioxide effluents.

Molybdenum disulfide or tungsten disulfide is good in catalytic hydrogen evolution activity, lithium storage performance, thermal stability and chemical stability. In order to increase the utilization rate of the molybdenum disulfide or the tungsten disulfide and improve the catalytic hydrogen evolution catalytic activity and the lithium storage specific capacity, sulfide needs to be prepared into a monomolecular layer or polymolecular layer two-dimensional material. An electrochemical method is adopted, a molybdenum disulfide (or tungsten disulfide)-metal composite material serves as an anode, graphite or a platinum electrode serves as a cathode, sulfate serves as an electrolyte, and thus two-dimensional molybdenum disulfide or tungsten disulfide with the thickness being 1-20 nm is successfully stripped out. By means of the two-dimensional sulfide, the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity is good, and the lithium storage performance is excellent.

The invention relates to a Nickel single-active site graphite-phase carbon Nitride-based photocatalytic material as well as a preparation method and application thereof, in the photocatalytic material, Ni is dispersed in a g-C3N4 framework in a single-atom-level degree to form active sites, and the molar content of the Ni is 1-5%. the nickel single-active site graphite-phase carbon nitride-based photocatalytic material has a large specific surface area, is good in dispersion in an aqueous solution, and can effectively inhibit the recombination of photo-generated carriers, the reaction activitysites of the surface of the g-C3N4 are increased, the photocatalytic hydrogen production efficiency can be remarkably improved, and the photocatalytic reaction activity of the g-C3N4 can be improved.

The invention discloses a method of preparing high-purity hydrogen with a coupled catalyst reformation-film separation reactor device and a device thereof. The method includes the following steps: a. substance with carbon-hydrogen and water vapor are heated to 300 DEG C to 1500 DEG C; the water vapor is fed into a reactor after the water-carbon ratio in the reactor is 1.0 to 10.0 through regulating the flow of the water vapor; b. the mixed gas and the reformed catalyst particles in the reactor fully contact, react and produce mixed gas with hydrogen; c. the mixed gas goes through high-selective hydrogen permeable film separation components arranged in the reactor; the hydrogen is timely separated in the reaction, high-purity hydrogen is collected. With the invention, the high-selective hydrogen permeable film separation components are directly arranged in the reactor, so that the hydrogen produced by catalyst reformation is timely separated from the mixed gas produced by the reaction of carbon-hydrogen raw material and the vapor, which can prevent methanation and other side effects and improve the hydrogen making efficiency; the reactor system coupled with film separation components has simple structure.

The invention discloses disc type solar coupling SOEC (solid oxide electrolysis cell) electrolysis hydrogen production equipment and a hydrogen production method. The disc type solar coupling SOEC electrolysis hydrogen production equipment comprises a light intensity sensor, wherein the light intensity sensor is arranged on a collector, a condenser is arranged at the bottom of the collector, a disc type condensed light reflector is arranged at the lower part of the condenser, the disc type condensed light reflector is arranged on a sun-chasing power bearing box, and the sun-chasing power bearing box is arranged on a substrate; the light intensity sensor is connected with a controller inside the sun-chasing power bearing box; the collector is connected with a liquid metal heat exchanger through a union heat pipe, the liquid metal heat exchanger is connected with a heat exchanger, the bottom of the heat exchanger is connected with a water tank, the upper part of the heat exchanger is connected with an SOEC, and the SOEC is connected with an oxygen storage tank and a hydrogen storage tank. Solar energy is utilized, the current situation that the hydrogen production efficiency of solar energy is low at present is comprehensively considered, the technical thought of the SOEC is utilized, and optimization design is carried out for the problem of heat efficiency existing in high-temperature steam of high-temperature solid oxide electrode electrolysis at present, so that the equipment and the method disclosed by the invention are formed.

The invention relates to a photovoltaic photo-thermal joint hydrogen production system. The photovoltaic photo-thermal joint hydrogen production system comprises a light condensing device, a spectroscopic device, a photovoltaic and photo-thermal integrated device, a heat transfer pipeline, a water tank, an electrolyzing device and a hydrogen-water separating device, wherein the photovoltaic and photo-thermal integrated device comprises a photovoltaic assembly, a heat collecting plate and a heat pipe; and the electrolyzing device comprises an electrolytic cell and an electrolytic water pipeline which forms a circulating loop with the electrolytic cell. The invention also provides a use method of the photovoltaic photo-thermal joint hydrogen production system. Compared with the prior art, the photovoltaic photo-thermal joint hydrogen production system has an advantage that the total utilization efficiency of solar energy is effectively improved. The heat pipe aims at effectively lowering the temperature of the photovoltaic assembly with the heat transfer effect in order to increase the electrolytic hydrogen production efficiency by 10-15 %; the electrolytic water exchanges heat with a hot water system so as to raise the temperature of the electrolytic water, and thus the electrolytic hydrogen production efficiency of the system can be increased by 5 to 7%. The total hydrogen production efficiency of the system can be increased by about 20%, and the thermal efficiency can be increased by above 60%.

The invention discloses a reaction device for reforming and producing hydrogen from methanol vapor. The reaction device comprises a reactor body, wherein the reactor body is internally provided with a reaction chamber; the cross section of the reaction chamber is circular and is divided into an evaporation part and a reforming part from left to right; a methanol solution feeding hole is formed in the left end of the evaporation part; a first evaporation plate, a second evaporation plate and a third evaporation plate are sequentially arranged from left to right inside the evaporation part; the three evaporation plates are partitioned through annular gaskets; stripy through grooves parallel to one another are formed in the first evaporation plate; circular through holes which are distributed in an annular array are formed in the second evaporation plate and the third evaporation plate; a hydrogen discharge hole is formed in the right end of the reforming part; and at least two metal carrier reaction plates are sequentially arranged from left to right inside the reforming part, that is, the metal carrier reaction plates are arranged in an overlapped manner. By adopting the reaction device, the reaction pressure drop is greatly reduced, and the fluid can be distributed uniformly. In addition, the phenomenon of cold point in the reaction is effectively avoided, and the hydrogen production efficiency and the methanol conversion rate are improved.

The invention provides equipment for directly producing hydrogen through osmotic energy and a use method for the equipment. Specifically, the equipment for directly producing the hydrogen through the osmotic energy comprises a reverse electrodialysis device, an anolyte storage tank, a catholyte storage tank, a concentrated solution storage tank and a diluted solution storage tank. According to the technical scheme, under the circumstance that a power source is not added externally, potential energy difference of saline solutions with different concentrations is used, an alkaline electrolyte and an acidic electrolyte are adopted in an anode chamber and a cathode chamber on the two sides of the reverse electrodialysis device correspondingly, hydrolysis half-reaction occurs on an electrode of the reverse electrodialysis device directly, the hydrogen and oxygen are generated, and the gases are separated on line through a gas-liquid separation system. Through the equipment and the use method, energy consumption of hydrolysis hydrogen production can be lowered, the electrode stability is improved, the process is simple, externally added energy is not needed, pollution is avoided, and hydrogen production efficiency is high.

The invention discloses an Al-based alloy composite material used for preparing hydrogen, and a use method thereof; the Al-based alloy composite material consists of Al-based alloy and filler; the Al-based alloy is binary or multi-component alloy consisting of Al, Sn, Zn, Bi, Ga, In, Mg and Pb elements, wherein, the content of Al is 3 weight percent to 95 weight percent, and the rest are one type or more than one type among Sn, Zn, Bi, Ga, In, Mg and Pb; one type or more than one type among inorganic nano-tube, micro-tube, nano-wire, nano-fiber and inorganic particles are adopted as the filler; the content of the filler in the Al-based alloy composite material is 1 weight percent to 90 weigh percent; the material of the invention can improve the hydrogen preparation efficiency and is easy to be stored and transported.

The invention discloses preparation of a ZIF-67/bismuth vanadate composite. 2 -methylimidazole and CO (NO3) 2.6H2O are dissolved in N, N-dimethylformamide-distil water, and a BiVO4 film is soaked in the mixture for one hour; and then the BiVO4 film is completely washed with the distilled water and ethanol and dried to obtain a final product. According to the preparation of a ZIF-67/bismuth vanadate composite, ZIF-67 is successfully is loaded on the surface of BiVO4 through an in-situ deposition method, a stable ZIF-67/ BiVO4 thin film material is formed. Under high bias, the ZIF-67/BiVO4 composites have higher photocurrent than a pure/BiVO4 composite; and meanwhile, the introduction of ZIF-67 well prolongs the life of carriers and further improves the photoelectric catalytic performance ofthe BiVO4. Through a photocurrent corresponding test and photoelectric injection efficiency calculation, a composite photoelectrode is proved to have excellent photoelectric catalytic performance, can be used in photo anode materials, and can effectively improve hydrogen production efficiency.

The invention provides a preparation method for black phosphorus-activated graphene heterojunction loaded nickel nitride particles. The preparation method is characterized by comprising the followingsteps: performing mechanical ball grinding on a black phosphorus nano-sheet material and a graphene nano-sheet material which is activated through an alkaline liquid under the protection of argon to obtain a first precursor; washing, performing vacuum drying to obtain a black phosphorus-activated graphene heterojunction material; dissolving nickel nitrate hexahydrate, ammonium fluoride and urea indeionized water, performing hydrothermal reaction, and calcining to obtain nickel nitride particles; performing mechanical ball grinding on the black phosphorus-activated graphene heterojunction material and the nickel nitride particles under the protection of the argon to obtain a third precursor; washing, and performing vacuum drying to obtain the black phosphorus-activated graphene heterojunction loaded nickel nitride particles. According to the preparation method for the black phosphorus-activated graphene heterojunction loaded nickel nitride particles, the electrocatalytic oxygen evolution activity and stability of the catalyst are effectively improved, which is beneficial to improving the hydrogen production efficiency; moreover, the preparation method is simple, and raw materials are easy to obtain, so that the preparation method is suitable for large-scale production.

The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical looping hydrogen, and discloses supported nickel tungsten bimetallic composite oxide and a preparation method and an application thereof. A molecular formula is NiyW1O3+y/Al2O3, y is 0.3-1; the preparation method comprises the following steps: completely mixing nickel nitrate hexahydrate, tungsten hexachloride and aluminum nitrate nonahydrate in ethanol according to proportion and then dissolving the materials; then dropping a NaOH aqueous solution and mixing with a mixture, after standing, performing centrifugal filtration on a flocculent precipitate and washing the material; and drying and roasting the material to obtain the product. The supported nickel tungsten bimetallic composite oxide can be used for tribed self-heating gasification with light alkane, and reforming and direct production of hydrogen and carbon dioxide. The advantages of chemical looping combustion, catalytic reforming and high purity hydrogen production by pyrolysis water, and self-heating reforming of a gas-solid counter current operation-type tribed reactor are combined, the coprecipitation preparation method having the advantages of simple operation and low cost is used, so that fuel can be directly converted to carbon dioxide and high purity hydrogen, and near-zero energy consumption in-situ separation of the product is realized.

The invention relates to hydrogen production technology and generation device with high efficiency. The device comprises a cylindrical electrolytic cell, composite electrodes and cylinders, wherein the electrodes are separated by insulators; and anodes and cathodes are respectively connected with a lead to form the cylinders; the cathodes are cylindric cylinders; the anodes are mesh-shaped cylinders; and the anodes are arranged in the cathodes. By utilizing the unique structure and design as well as new materials and a high quality power technology, the energy consumption is low; the energy conversion efficiency is high; the gas output is high; the production cost is low; the high pressure hydrogen can be produced without pressurization equipment and the like; the gas is produced quickly;the equipment of any size and gas output can be designed in batches or according to the requirement; and the hydrogen can be widely applied to various fields and industries to replace the traditionalenergy.

The invention discloses a photocatalytic hydrogen production system containing a polycarbonyl diiron dithiolate cluster compound. The system comprises the polycarbonyl diiron dithiolate cluster compound, CdTe quantum dots, ascorbic acid and a water-containing solvent. The photocatalytic hydrogen production system is high in hydrogen production efficiency and stability and comprises cheap and readily available components, 786mu mol of hydrogen is produced when the total volume of the system is 10ml, and a hydrogen conversion number calculated based on a catalyst is 505.

The invention provides a cathode material used for a solid oxide electrolytic cell and application of the cathode material. The chemical constitution of the cathode material is Sr2Fe1-xMxMoO6-Delta, wherein x is larger than or equal to 0 and smaller than or equal to 1; M is one or more selected from Mg, Zn, Ni, Co, Cu and Mn; an SrMoO3 phase is not contained in the cathode material. The cathode material does not comprise the SrMoO3 phase, adopts a single perovskite phase structure, can effectively solve the problem that the electrochemical performance of the Sr2Fe1-xMxMoO6-Delta is undesirable due to existence of the SrMoO3 phase, has favorable electrochemical performance, and can effectively improve hydrogen manufacturing efficiency of the solid oxide electrolytic cell.

The invention relates to a device for producing hydrogen and oxygen through photoelectrochemistry composite or coupling, and a method thereof, which belongs to the technical field of green renewable energy. The device is characterized by comprising a solar battery at the upper part and a photoelectrochemistry pool at the lower part; the solar battery at the upper part comprises an electrode base plate, a photo-anode, electrolyte and a counter electrode; the solar battery at the upper part is a silicon solar battery, a dye-sensitized solar battery, an organic solar battery, a chemical compound semi-conductor solar battery or a polymer solar battery and the like; the photoelectrochemistry pool at the lower part comprises a photo-anode, electrolyte and a counter electrode. During use, under the irradiation of sunlight or simulated sunlight, the solar battery at the upper part discharges and generates external bias voltage, and the photo-anode of the photoelectrochemistry pool generates potential or energy. The external bias voltage and the potential or energy generated by the photo-anode of the photoelectrochemistry pool reach the schizolysis energy of water in the photoelectrochemistry pool, and the electrodes respectively generate hydrogen and oxygen. The device is characterized by high conversion efficiency of solar energy and hydrogen energy, low cost, simple process, and easy mass production of hydrogen.

The invention discloses a multifunctional negative hydrogen water generator for industrial production. The multifunctional negative hydrogen water generator comprises a central processing box as well as an electrolytic hydrogen production module and a nanobubble temperature inversion gradient hydrogen production module which are arranged in the central processing box. The multifunctional negative hydrogen water generator has three work modes as follows: nanobubble temperature inversion gradient hydrogen production, electrolytic hydrogen production assisted by a membrane and electrolytic hydrogen production without assistance of a membrane. External water is disinfected with ozone and left to stand for 24 hours before entering a preparation water tank, the temperature is reduced to 4 DEG C, the water enters the central processing box, and a water temperature inversion gradient is formed by controlling a heater. The content of hydrogen in the prepared negative hydrogen water is as high as 1,500 ppb, the oxidation reduction potential is as high as minus 700 mv, and the negative hydrogen water can be stored for a long time.