706results about How to "Enhance heat and mass transfer" patented technology

The invention discloses a methane reforming catalyst for the production of hydrogen and a preparation method thereof, which more particularly relates to a Ni methane vapor reforming catalyst for the production of hydrogen which takes a nanometer cerium zirconium composite oxide as the carrier and the corresponding preparation method, and belongs to the methane reforming catalyst field. The catalyst comprises 5-30 wt% of active Ni, 0-10 wt% of noble metal catalytic promoter, 0-10 wt% of rare earth and/or the catalytic promoter of alkaline earth oxide, 50-95 wt% of nanometer cerium zirconium composite oxide carrier with the particle diameter of 5-20 nm. The invention is characterized by simple preparation method, high reactivity, strong anti carbon performance, good stability, low cost, etc.; when the invention is applied to the methane vapor reforming catalyst for producing hydrogen, the requirements of industrialization on catalyst reactivity and usage life can be satisfied. The invention can be largely applied in fuel cell-hydrogen area.

The invention relates to a sludge drying and incineration combined treatment method with good treatment effect, wide sludge adaptability, and safe and stability system. To avoid agglomeration of mechanically dewatered sludge (k) in a fluidized bed dryer (6), a part of dried sludge (c) is premixed with the mechanically dewatered sludge (k) and then fed into the fluidized bed dryer (6). The dried sludge (c) is incinerated into a circulating fluidized bed incinerator (1) to generate superheated vapor. The superheated vapor is condensed to hot water in a heat exchange tube (6-2) of the fluidized bed dryer (6) and then recycled to the circulating fluidized bed incinerator (1). The arrangement of buried pipes (1-3) and fractional air supply inside the circulating fluidized bed incinerator (1) can effectively control the lower temperature of the circulating fluidized bed incinerator (1) to prevent deflagration of dried sludge. The entire system has no emission of pollutants such as unpleasant odor, acidic gases, heavy metals and dioxin; is safe and reliable; and can operate for a long time.

The invention discloses a heavy hydrocarbon hydrogenation combined process which comprises: (a) heavy hydrocarbon raw material and a gas-phase outflow substance from the fixed bed hydrogenation reaction are mixed and enter a boiling bed hydrogenation reactor; (b) the gas-phase outflow substance from the boiling bed hydrogenation reaction in the step (a) is subjected to hydrogen sulfide removal and then used for the fixed bed hydrogenation reaction of the gas-phase outflow substance of the boiling bed hydrogenation reaction in the step (a); and (c) the gas-phase outflow substance of the fixed bed hydrogenation reaction in the step (b) is directly used for the boiling bed hydrogenation reaction process in the step (a), and the liquid-phase outflow substance of the fixed bed hydrogenation reaction in the step (b) is fractionated to obtain a gasoline fraction, a diesel fraction and unconverted tail oil. In the combined process, the boiling bed technique and the fixed bed technique are combined by fully considering the technical characteristics of the boiling bed and the fixed bed as well as the features of the reaction materials, thereby providing a new operation mode which is flexible, efficient and energy-saving; and on the premise of ensuring the smooth operation of the device, the reaction heat is fully utilized, high product quality is provided, and the operational process can be flexibly adjusted according to the requirements of refineries.

The invention provides a preparation method for intermediate phase asphalt, which comprises the following steps: (1) refined naphthalene, fluorine hydride and boron triflouride are mixed according to the mass ratio of 10:1-5:2-6 and sent into a polymeric kettle; (2) the polymeric kettle is opened and the mixture is stirred, the pressure is controlled to be 10-25 Mpa, the temperature is 150-200 DEG C, and the reaction lasts for 4-6 hours; (3) and the pressure is increased to be 25-30Mpa, the temperature is increased to be 260-310 DEG C and the reaction continously lasts for 4-6 hours, thus obtaining the intermediate phase asphalt. The method has simple process and low preparation cost. Except of few of superficial globules, most of the optical anisotropy microscopic morphology of the obtained intermediate phase asphalt presents streamline state or large field melting bodily form state. The intermediate phase asphalt is excellent, has low softening point, low ash content, good spinnability, excellent structure, high tensile strength and module.

The invention provides a method for preparing artificial rutile. The method comprises the following steps: titanium concentrate is subjected to oxidizing roasting and reducing roasting for removing impurities in oxidizing roasting products; and the products of which the impurities are removed are calcined, wherein the oxidizing roasting is performed in the presence of oxidizing gas, the reducing roasting is performed in the presence of reducing gas, and the oxidizing roasting and the reducing roasting are performed in a fluidized bed reactor. By adoption of the method, the high-grade artificial rutile can be prepared by adopting coarse fraction titanium concentrate as a raw material and can also be prepared by adopting micron-sized fraction titanium concentrate as the raw material.

A preparing method of a monodisperse phenolic resin carbon microbead is provided. The method includes following steps of: forming water-in-oil phenolic resin liquid drops in a micro-channel reactor by a microfluidic liquid drop technique; preparing the phenolic resin liquid drops into phenolic resin microbeads by thermocuring; washing and separating the phenolic resin microbeads to obtain a monodisperse phenolic resin microbead; and subjecting the monodisperse phenolic resin microbead to high-temperature carbonization in an inert atmosphere to form the monodisperse phenolic resin carbon microbead. The method overcomes the defects in the prior art, namely complex processes, difficulty in accurate control of product particle sizes, irregular morphology, and the like, and has advantages of simple and rapid preparation process, controllable microbead particle size, uniform particle size, good degrees of sphericity, and the like.

The invention relates to a method for simulating heat and mass transfer of a reinforcement phase and a melt interface in a laser 3D printing composite material molten pool, and aims at the temperature fields and velocity fields in the neighborhood of reinforced particles in the molten pool as well as distribution condition of the particles in samples after the final solidification. The method comprises the following steps: establishing a physical model of heat and mass transfer between the reinforced particles and melts; controlling the heat and mass transfer through a master control equation; and solving a control equation on the basis of calculation fluid dynamics software so as to obtain the temperature fields, the velocity fields and the distribution condition of the reinforced particles. According to the method for simulating the heat and mass transfer of the reinforced particles and the melt interface in the laser processing molten pool, a flow field model for disturbing the interior of the molten pool via laser and influencing the heat and mass transfer process between the reinforced particles and the melts is established aiming at a process of processing and preparing metal-matrix composite materials (MMCs) via laser, and the problems of powder, phase change and solidification in the laser processing process are considered, so that physical metallurgical behaviors of the reinforced particles and matrixes are correctly obtained, and the calculation results are favorably identical with experiments.

The invention discloses a catalyst for catalytic combustion of VOCs and a preparation method of the catalyst. Cordierite honeycomb ceramic or a porous metal material is used as a carrier, the carrieris coated with a nano coating material, precious metal compound transition metal is used as an active component, compound rare earth oxide is used as a catalyst aid, and a solid solution prepared froman alkaline earth metal compound and main group metal oxide is used as a carrier modifier; the carrier and the active component are coated through an automatic production line; the catalyst has advantages of high substrate bonding force, high adhesive force between the active component and the carrier after high-temperature roasting, difficult shedding, high activity, good thermal stability, goodsulfur resistance and long service lifetime, is a broad-spectrum VOC oxidation catalyst, can be used for catalytic combustion treatment of VOCs in the industries of spraying, printing, electronics and the like, and is suitable for CO and RCO catalytic combustion devices.

The invention relates to a tropsch synthesis method of a fixed bed, which is one-section tropsch synthesis, and comprises the steps of: leading fresh raw material gas H2 and CO to enter a tropsch synthesis reactor of the fixed bed, carrying out tropsch synthesis reaction under the action of tropsch synthesis catalyst, separating the reaction effluent, and obtaining gas hydrocarbon product, liquidhydrocarbon product and water, wherein the liquid hydrocarbon product is separated into light fraction oil, intermediate fraction oil and heavy fraction oil; and returning part of the gas hydrocarbonproduct and the liquid hydrocarbon product back to an inlet of the tropsch synthesis reactor. The invention solves the problems of difficult temperature control of a bed layer of the tropsch synthesis catalyst of the fixed bed, overhigh temperature of the bed layer and poor product selectivity. The invention improves the distribution of the synthetic oil product, and effectively reduces the olefin content of the light synthetic oil product.

The invention discloses a hydrogenation method of a heavy hydrocarbon multi-segment fluidized bed. The technical process comprises the steps of: mixing thick heavy hydrocarbon raw materials with gas phase material flow which is discharged from a fluidized bed hydrogenation-desulfuration reactor and a hydrogenation-denitrification reactor to enter into a hydrogenation-demetalization reactor; cooling and purifying reacted gas phase material flow to be taken as recycle hydrogen; mixing the demetallized liquid phase material flow with hydrogen to enter into the fluidized bed hydrogenation-desulfuration reactor; mixing the desulfurated liquid phase material flow with hydrogen to enter into the hydrogenation-desulfuration reactor; and leading the denitrified liquid phase material flow to enter into a separating device. The technology adopts a new reactor assembly mode to machine heavy oil raw materials with high viscosity and bad quality, can provide a new flexible, high-efficiency and energy-saving operation mode, organically combines the performances of the raw materials with the characteristic of each hydrogenation reaction, makes full use of reaction heating on the premise that a device is guaranteed to be stably operated, provides a product with good quality, and can flexibly adjust the operation process according to the requirement of a refinery.

The invention provides a carbon/alumina composite carrier catalyst used for hydrazine decomposition reaction and a preparation method thereof. The catalyst showed in the formula is A/C-Al2O3, C-Al2O3 is the carbon/alumina composite carrier, and active constituent A is transition metal Mo, W, Fe, Co, Ni, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ir, Pt or carbonization, nitride and phosphide thereof; wherein, the content of the A is 2-40wt percent and the preparation temperature of the A is 300-900 DEG C. The invention has simple preparation, especially for the preparation of active species of the transitional metal carbonization, which uses H2 instead of CH4/H2 gas used in the past preparation to have direact reduction; the invention prevents carbon deposition on the surface of the carbonization from inactivating, thus being beneficial to acquire more catalytic active sites.

The invention provides a microchannel plate with a fractal structure, a photocatalytic reactor and an application thereof. The microchannel plate with the fractal structure comprises a first surface and a second surface which are opposite; the first surface and the second surface of the microchannel plate with the fractal structure each is provided with a main pipeline microchannel and multistage H-shaped fractal bifurcated microchannels which are connected with one end of the corresponding main pipeline microchannel, and the H-shaped fractal bifurcated microchannels of the first surface of the microchannel plate with the fractal structure communicate with those of the second surface of the microchannel plate with the fractal structure through connecting through holes. According to the microchannel plate with the fractal structure, the photocatalytic reactor and the application thereof, through forming fractal-structured microchannels in the upper and lower surfaces of the microchannel plate with the fractal structure, three phases, i.e., gas, liquid and solid phases can be effectively distributed, heat transfer and mass transfer are strengthened, the problem in collection of reactants of fractal distribution can be effectively solved, meanwhile, the length of the microchannels can be increased, and the control on reaction flux and reactant residence time is better facilitated.

The invention relates to a continuous sludge dewatering method based on hydro-thermal treatment, and belongs to the field of sludge treatment. An external heat exchanger of a feeding unit is filled with high temperature filtrate, sludge is continuously introduced in the feeding unit, and the high temperature filtrate is used for preheating the sludge; the sludge after preheating enters a hydro-thermal treatment unit under the pushing of the feeding unit, and is heated to above 150 DEG C for a hydro-thermal reaction through a heating device arranged on the outside of the hydro-thermal treatment unit; the standing time of the sludge inside the hydro-thermal treatment unit is controlled by an accelerator arranged at the interior of the hydro-thermal treatment unit; partial sludge after hydro-thermal treatment is flown back to the hydro-thermal treatment unit; the sludge passing through the hydro-thermal treatment unit is introduced in a continuous extrusion dewatering unit to realize continuous dewatering of the hydro-thermal sludge, and a cavity in the dewatering process is at a sealed state. According to the dewatering method, based on the hydro-thermal treatment for improving the sludge structure and physicochemical characteristics, the energy sources are fully utilized and recycled while the energy consumption input is saved, and the sludge dewatering in a liquid form is realized continuously.

The invention relates to a method for extracting aluminum oxide. The method comprises the following steps: heating and decomposing ammonium sulfate to generate ammonium hydrogen sulfate or ammonia gas, preparing an ammonium hydrogen sulfate solution, and collecting the ammonia gas for preparing ammonia water; grinding coal ash, mixing the coal ash with the ammonium hydrogen sulfate solution according to a certain ratio, heating while stirring, and reacting to generate ammonium aluminum sulfate; re-crystallizing and purifying ammonium aluminum sulfate to prepare an ammonium aluminum sulfate solution, and reacting with the ammonia water to generate aluminum hydroxide; drying aluminum hydroxide and roasting to generate aluminum oxide. According to the method, aluminum oxide can be extracted from not only the coal ash but also aluminum-containing raw materials such as coal gangue, slag, bauxite, red mud, tailings, kaolin and mullite; the technological process is shorter, equipment is simple, and large-scale industrialization production is easy to realize.

The invention provides a continuous type infrared corncob drying machine which is characterized in that a box body is internally provided with a plurality of conveying devices driven by a transmission device to run, wherein I type and II type material pulling rods with two different lengths are fixedly arranged between two chains of the same conveying device at an interval; parts of each conveying device, which correspond to upper and lower sections of horizontal sections of the chains, are respectively provided with material supporting plates; material guide grooves are arranged below the tail ends of the material supporting plates; radiation devices are arranged above the material supporting plates; radiation racks of the radiation devices are suspended on the box body; the two ends of an infrared radiation element which downwards radiates infrared rays in a single direction are mounted on the radiation racks; and a feeding opening is arranged on the top of the box body, and a discharging opening is formed at the bottom of the box body. The continuous type infrared corncob drying machine disclosed by the invention has the advantages of high heat transferring efficiency, low energy consumption and good drying uniformity.