138 results about "Microscopic morphology" patented technology

The invention provides a high-performance water system zinc ion battery anode material, a manufacturing method and an application thereof. The anode material has the following general formula: (N,M) sigma=1V8O20 nH2O, wherein the N is one of Li, Na, K, Zn, Cu, Mg or Ca, the M is one of Mn, Fe, Co or Ni, and the n is 0.01-4. The anode material can be manufactured through one-step hydrothermal method, a reaction condition is mild, a manufacturing process is simple, and a requirement to equipment is low. A microscopic morphology of the obtained anode material is a nanobelt. The obtained anode material is firstly applied to a water system zinc ion battery, and has electrochemical performance such as a higher specific discharge capacity, a higher cycle stability and the like.

The invention provides an application of a triphenylamine derivative polymer as a lithium ion batteries cathode material, belonging to the technical field of lithium ion battery. The triphenylamine derivative is a triphenylamine derivative polymer containing triphenylamine and thiophene structure. By introducing an electroactive conjugated monomer in the polytriphenylamine backbone, the microscopic morphology of the polymer is significantly improved, the conductivity and conjugate capability of the polymer are enhanced, so that the cathode material has high specific capacity, excellent cycling stability, significant charge-discharge voltage platform, and good rapid charge and discharge performance, etc.

The invention discloses a large-area online measurement device and a large-area online measurement method for geometrical parameters of a nano-structure. The three-dimensional microscopic morphology of the nano-structure in a large-area region containing an entire viewing field can be obtained. Light emitting from a light source is changed into monochromatic light through a monochromator, the monochromatic light sequentially passes through a collimating mirror, a polarizer and a polarizing arm-end phase compensator to obtain an elliptical polarized beam, and then the elliptical polarized beam is projected to the surface of the to-be-measured nano-structure; a light intensity signal corresponding to zero-stage diffraction light in a reflected beam of the to-be-measured nano-structure is acquired, and a measurement imaging Muller matrix of the to-be-measured nano-structure is calculated; geometrical parameter values of the to-be-measured nano-structure at corresponding pixel points are obtained by matching extraction, and the geometrical parameter extraction values at all the pixel points form the three-dimensional microscopic morphology of the to-be-measured nano-structure. A large-area, quick, low-cost, contactless, non-destructive and accurate measurement way can be provided for one-dimensional and two-dimensional sub-wavelength periodic nano-structures involved in a pattern-transfer-based batch manufacturing method such as a photoetching process, a nano-impressing process and other processes.

The invention discloses a nickel catalyst for C5 petroleum resin hydrogenation. The nickel catalyst comprises an activated carbon carrier, Ni nano-particles attached to the activated carbon carrier, and amorphous alloy nano-particles of Ni and a metal auxiliary agent, wherein the amorphous alloy nano-particles are attached to the activated carbon carrier. The weight percentage of Ni in the catalyst is 3%-8%, the weight percentage of the metal auxiliary agent is 0.1%-0.5%, and the metal auxiliary agent is zinc and/or cobalt. The invention also discloses a preparation method and application of the catalyst. The nickel catalyst disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the main active component nickel is modified by adding one or two of the auxiliary agent Zn and Co, so that nickel crystal lattices distort, deform and become thin, the areas of crystal faces are effectively enlarged, and the conversion rate and the selectivity of the catalyst are increased; in addition, due to the added metal additives, aggregation and enlargement of nickel crystal particles can be hindered, the stability of microscopic morphology of the catalyst is maintained, and the service life of the catalyst is effectively prolonged.

The invention discloses a holographic inversion detection method for micro-cracks on a damaged layer of the subsurface of a brittle material. The invention is characterized in that: the surface of the brittle material after corrosion is reconstructed by using the method of fractal interpolation; the principle of self-similarity in the theory of fractal interpolation is adopted to fully depict complex microscopic morphology of the surface after corrosion; on the basis of reconstructing the material surface after corrosion by using the method of fractal interpolation, the finite difference method is used for inversion modeling of formation and growth of micro-cracks on the damaged layer of the subsurface, which enables not only the depth of the micro-cracks on the damaged layer of the subsurface but also all the information like size and direction of the micro-cracks to be obtained. An overall, complete and comprehensive characterization system of holographic distribution characteristics of micro-cracks on the damaged layer of the subsurface is brought forward on the basis of obtainment of holographic distribution characteristics of micro-cracks on the damaged layer of the subsurface.

The invention relates to a method for quantitatively characterizing the grain size of a main phase structure of a complex phase material, and belongs to the technical field of metal material physicalproperty inspection. By means of sample preparation, a section sample having microscopic difference between the main phase structure and a second-phase structure is prepared; EBSD surface scanning iscarried out, the calibration rate of the main phase structure is higher than 90%, the calibration rate of the second phase is lower than 10%, or even no diffraction pattern exists; finally, EBSD surface scanning data analysis is carried out to remove false points, singular points and noise points in a scanning result, then the calibrated data points of a second phase are set as a zero solution through a small particle removing mode, or a lining degree range corresponding to the second phase in a diffraction contrast graph is set as a zero solution, the noise point removal process is repeated,and grains of the main phase structure are quantitatively analyzed. The method has the advantages that the microscopic morphology of the main phase grains of the complex phase material can be clearlyand visually displayed, and quantitative characterizing is conducted on the grain size.

The invention discloses flaky iron phosphate, and a preparation method and application thereof. The microscopic morphology of the flaky iron phosphate is a primary particle in a sheet shape with a thickness of 10 to 50 nm, a length of 100 nm to 3 [mu]m and a width of 100 nm to 3 [mu]m. The preparation method comprises the following steps of: weighing a ferrous ion solution and adding phosphoric acid and a crystal modifier; weighing a phosphorus salt solution and adding an oxidizing agent; carrying out mixing to obtain a mixed solution C, controlling the pH value of the mixed solution C to be 1.5-2.2, and carrying out a reaction to obtain pale yellow iron phosphate slurry; converting the iron phosphate slurry into white or pink-white iron phosphate slurry containing crystal forms under theconditions of stirring and heating, reducing a stirring speed by 20%-50% after the completion of the conversion, and carrying out ageing and heat preservation; performing solid-liquid separation, andcollecting a solid portion to obtain a crystalline iron phosphate precipitate; and washing the precipitate and then performing calcination to obtain the flaky iron phosphate. The iron phosphate of theinvention can be used for preparing lithium iron phosphate with high compaction density.

The invention discloses preparation methods of a spherical lithium manganate for a lithium-ion power battery and a precursor of the spherical lithium manganate. The preparation method for the precursor is carried out as the following steps: (1) preparing a manganese salt water solution; (2) preparing a precipitant water solution; (3) injecting the prepared solutions in the step (1) and the step (2) to a reaction kettle with a stirrer and a constant-temperature water bath; (4) mixing the obtained MnCO3 and a compound containing an element M based on a mol ratio of M to Mn described in the invention, sintering and obtaining the precursor. The preparation method of the spherical lithium manganate is carried out as the following steps: mixing the precursor and Li2CO3, sintering and obtaining an M-doped spherical spinel lithium manganate. Compared with the prior art, the method of the invention has the advantages that: (1) impurity content is low, discharge plateau is high, specific capacity is high, cycle performance is good, high-temperature performance is good and tap density is high; and (2) raw material price and production cost are low, powder particle size can be controlled, microscale additive disperses uniformly, particle size distribution is concentrate, and microscopic morphology is spherical or spheroidic.

The invention discloses a microstructure regulation and control method for high-energy beam metal additive manufacturing. The method particularly comprises the following steps: step 1, setting a high-energy beam matched with a to-be-formed target material as well as temperature field regulation and control parameters involved in induction heating and double-heat-source synchronous heating according to the shape as well as the solidification phase and the microstructure of the to-be-formed target material; and step 2, putting the to-be-formed target material in a feeding device, putting a substrate of the to-be-formed target material in an argon-filled inert atmosphere processing chamber, and carrying out additive manufacturing to form the target material according to the processing parameters set in step 1, wherein the oxygen content in the process of carrying out additive manufacturing to form the target material is kept to be 100 ppm or below. The method provided by the invention has the advantages that such heat behaviors as the temperature gradient of a molten pool and surrounding areas as well as the solidification velocity of the molten pool can be regulated and controlled under the coupling action of the high-energy beam and synchronous induction heating, so as to control the forming of a solidification structure and a micro-phase structure of the formed target material, such as the microscopic morphology, the size and the like.

The invention discloses a nanometer polyaniline material with appearance hereditary potency and an electrochemistry preparation method thereof. The method comprises the following steps: aniline and doping acid I are added into water, stirred to form doping acid I solution of the aniline; in a three electrode system, the doping acid I solution of the aniline is added into an electrolytic cell; the electrochemical synthesis is carried out on a working electrode for obtaining the polyaniline material with nanometer structure doped with the doping acid I; after the electrochemical synthesis is finished, a polyaniline modified electrode doped with doping acid I is obtained; the modified electrode is used as the working electrode, put into water solution containing doping acid II, electrolyzed to a cyclic voltammetry graph by using cyclic voltammetry and stable to obtain the polyaniline material doped with doping acid II, the appearance of which is same to the polyaniline nanometer structure doped with the doping acid I obtained in the second step. The polyaniline material obtained in the invention only has difference in the chemical composition of doping ions and does not change the microscopic morphology of polyaniline. The appearance hereditary has important using value.

The invention discloses a method of analyzing surface coating of electrical steel and belongs to the technical field of analytical method. The method comprises the steps of 1) pretreating a sample ofsurface coating of electrical steel; 2) adjusting surface of the coating sample to a common focus point of electron beams and ion beams; 3) performing metal deposition on the surface of the coating sample; 4) using ion beams to pit front and rear areas to the coating sample; 5) subjecting the pitted coating to U-shape cutting, extracting is performed before welding; 6) thinning and polishing. Themethod of the invention has the advantages precision positioning is performed via focused ion beams to produce a transmission electron sample via focused ions, the microscopic morphology of the surface coating of electrical steel is analyzed in conjunction with the conventional transmission electron microscope, and the problems of the prior art with analyzing the microscopic morphology of the surface coating of electrical steel are solved.

The invention relates to a CeO2-based mixed potential type acetone sensor with La0.8Sr0.2CoO3 as a sensitive electrode, and a production method thereof. The sensor is mainly used for detecting atmosphere environment and diabetes. The sensor is sequentially composed of an Al2O3 ceramic plate with a Pt heating electrode, a CeO2 substrate, a Pt reference electrode and the La0.8Sr0.2CoO3 sensitive electrode. The reference electrode and the sensitive electrode stand apart, and are symmetrically made at two sides of the upper surface of the CeO2 substrate, and the lower surface of the CeO2 substrate is bonded to the Al2O3 ceramic plate with the Pt heating electrode. A novel high-conductivity solid electrolyte material CeO2 is used as an ion conducting layer, and La0.8Sr0.2CoO3 with high electrochemical catalysis activity is used as the sensitive electrode, so the microscopic morphology of the sensitive electrode layer is changed at different calcining temperatures (800-1200 DEG C) in order to improve the sensitive characteristic.

The present invention discloses a longitudinal-transverse type core wound rail sampling and fracture analysis method, which comprises: detecting a position of a transverse fatigue crack inside a rail head of a longitudinal-transverse type core wound rail; pressing the transverse fatigue crack to expose a core wound transverse fatigue fracture, observing a macroscopic morphology of the transverse fatigue fracture, and determining a core wound type; cutting the core wound rail from the transverse fatigue fracture surface along a longitudinal surface to obtain a preliminary sample; unclosing a longitudinal fatigue crack of the preliminary sample to obtain a two coupling longitudinal fatigue fracture sample, and observing a position and a size of a fatigue source of the longitudinal fatigue fracture; washing the two coupling longitudinal fatigue fracture sample, and adopting a scanning electron microscopy to observe a microscopic morphology of a fatigue source of the longitudinal fatigue fracture; and adopting a micro-zone energy spectrometer to obtain chemical components of the fatigue source of the longitudinal fatigue fracture and determine types and sources of foreign substances. The longitudinal-transverse type core wound rail sampling and fracture analysis method has a characteristic of simple operation.

The invention discloses scenedesmus bijuga capable of producing oil in high yield as well as a screening and culture method and application thereof. A algae specie, which is obtained by separating from a polluted water area is identified by virtue of 18SrDNA sequence analysis and the microscopic morphology to determine that the algae is a member of Scenedesmus sp., has a serial number of KJ413176. The algal strain is named as scenedesmus bijuga SDEC-12 and is collected in China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC) in October 2014 and has the collection number of CCTCC NO: M 2014497. By virtue of using artificially prepared domestic sewage as an alternative culture medium, the yield and productivity of oil produced by scenedesmus bijuga SDEC-12 are significantly higher than those of the oil produced by scenedesmus bijuga SDEC-12 which is cultured by the commonly used BG-11 culture medium; the extracted fatty acid methyl ester component analysis shows that scenedesmus bijuga SDEC-12 cultured by the domestic sewage culture medium has the characteristics of better oxidative stability and low-temperature fluidity and therefore the scenedesmus bijuga SDEC-12 is more suitable for serving as a raw material for biodiesel. Scenedesmus bijuga SDEC-12 grows and simultaneously absorbs nitrogen and phosphorus nutrient salts in the domestic sewage so that the effective treatment of the domestic sewage is achieved and the domestic sewage is used as the alternative culture medium to achieve both economic and environmental benefits.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a sandwich flexible electromagnetic shielding material based on carbon fiber fabric, nickel nanoparticles and graphene and relates to the preparation method of the electromagnetic shielding materials, aiming to solve problems that a traditional preparation method for 'mixing-molding' existing electromagnetic shielding composites affects the flexibility of the composites and involves some non-environmental protection chemical reagents, and distribution of active components and specific microscopic morphology in construction are difficult to control accurately resulting in that the shielding performance is difficult to improve. The preparation method includes 1, preparation of the carbon fiber fabric; 2), preparation of the nickel nanoparticles/carbon fiber fabric composites by magnetron sputter; 3), plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition. The preparation method is used for preparation of the electromagnetic shielding materials.

The invention relates to a zinc-based battery anode material containing Bi2O3 with a self-assembled structure and preparation method. The surface of a Cu foil is coated with a mixture of Bi2O3 powder,carbon black and polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF); the Bi2O3 has the self-assembled structure; a phase structure is a tetragonal phase, an orthorhombic phase or a cubic crystal phase; the microscopic morphology is in a nanosheet layer shape, and the self-assembled structure forms a microsphere shape. The traditional metal anode is replaced with a zinc ion embedded anode material, and the energy storage mechanism of a zinc-based battery is changed ion storage energy from metal storage energy, so that the problem of zinc dendrites is fundamentally solved.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a CrAlN coating based on a HIPIMS technology. The high-power pulse magnetron sputtering technology (High Power Impulse Magnetron Sputtering, HIPIMS) is adopted, a method for co-sputtering by using a high-power pulse target (High pulse power cathode) and a bipolar pulse target (Bipolar pulsed sputtering cathodes) is used, and a (H+B) CrAlN coating is deposited; and meanwhile, an ARC CrAlN coating is deposited by adopting a fourth-generation arc ion plating technology (ARC evaporators). The performance of all aspects of the coating is analyzed through a scratch test, an X-ray diffraction, a microscopic morphology observation, an electrochemical corrosion test and the like, and the binding force of a (H+B) CrAlN coating film is stronger, and the maximum critical load can reach 62.4N; the surface crystal grains are smaller, the defects are few, and the section tissues are compact; meanwhile the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the CrAlN coating prepared by the (H+B) method is optimal; and the coating prepared by co-sputtering in the aspect of coating corrosion resistance is more corrosion-resistant than the coating prepared by electric arc ion plating.

The invention discloses a difunctional cobalt diselenide material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) jointly performingthe hydrothermal reaction for a mixed aqueous solution of soluble cobalt salt, soluble ammonium salt and a carbon-containing precipitant and a conducting substrate, and obtaining a cobalt element-containing precursor growing on the conducting substrate; (2) jointly performing the hydrothermal selenylation reaction for a mixed solution of selenium powder, alkali, a reduction agent and organic solvent and the cobalt element-containing precursor in step (1), after the reaction is ended, drying, and obtaining the cobalt diselenide material. By combining the oxidation of hydrazine hydrate and the specific application of a hydrogen evolution catalyst, the preparation of the cobalt diselenide material is re-designed; and specifically by designing the overall process of the preparation method andselecting and optimizing parameter conditions adopted in each step and by optimally controlling the specific composition and microscopic morphology of the cobalt diselenide material, the cobalt diselenide bifunctional catalyst with greatly-improved catalytic activity can be correspondingly obtained.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a cubic boron nitride micro-powder scanning electron microscopy sample. The method comprises the following steps: 1, taking cubic boron nitride micro-powder, adding the micro-powder into a dispersant, and carrying out ultrasonic dispersion to obtain a suspension; and 2, adding the suspension obtained in step 1 to conducting resin in a dropwise manner or adhering the suspension to the silicon chip of the conducting resin, and drying to obtain the sample. The cubic boron nitride micro-powder in the sample prepared through the preparation method of the cubic boron nitride micro-powder scanning electron microscopy sample has less agglomeration and is uniformly dispersed, and the microscopic morphology of the micro-powder can be easily observed; the process is simple and fast when the sample is used in scanning electron microscopy detection, and a high-amplification clear electron microscope photograph is obtained, so the dimension of the cubic boron nitride micro-powder is convenient to observe and position, and the sample is suitable for sample production detection of ultrafine micro-powder with the particle size of 300nm or less; in the preparation process, the sample is difficult to pollute, and damages of the micro-powder to an electron microscope sample chamber are reduced; and the preparation method has the advantages of simple process, convenient operation, simple and easily available dispersant, and suitableness for popularization and application.

The invention discloses a failure analysis method for a suspended structural member of a subway power supply network and application thereof. The method comprises the following steps: taking a sample (including a fracture surface) from a fracture of a suspended structural member which has a fracture failure, cleaning the sample and carrying out macroscopic inspection on the fracture and surrounding places thereof by using a stereoscopic microscope; observing the microscopic morphology of the fracture by using a scanning electron microscope; then carrying out qualitative elementary analysis on the surface of the fracture by using an electron probe X-ray microanalyzer; and subjecting the sample to analysis of relative distribution of elements via the electron probe X-ray microanalyzer and analyzing causes of the failure of the suspended structural member according to detection results. The method combines equipment like the stereoscopic microscope, the scanning electron microscope and the electron probe X-ray microanalyzer for identification of causes of the failure of a suspended structure, and the equipment complement each other; so the whole analysis process is well-grounded, accurate, visual, convenient and practicable, and analysis and positioning of impurity elements are also accurate.

The present invention discloses a method for obtaining the carbon black microscopic morphology enlarging entity through 3D printing. According to the method, based on the inorganic material microscopic carbon black primary particles or aggregates, the carbon black microscopic morphology is printed out through a 3D printer so as to establish the association between the carbon black microscopic morphology and the carbon black macroscopic morphology, ie., the macroscopy and the substantiation of the microscopy are achieved through the 3D printing technology; and the carbon black microscopic morphology picture is made out relying on the accurate data points, wherein the real data is adopted as the support, such that the obtained entity has the accurate structure. According to the present invention, the carbon black microscopic morphology is subjected to macroscopy so as to substantially promote scientific research workers to research on the carbon black structure, the particle size and the morphology, and further provide the first-hand data for the research on the carbon black aggregate reinforced rubber, and the development of the technology provides the guidance significance for the actual production.

Method for preparing high-strength and durable super-hydrophobic film layer on inner wall of elongated metal tube includes roughening treatment of inner wall of a metal tube, electrodepositing preparation of nickel-phosphorus alloy layer and functional coating, heat treatment, subsequent anodizing and low surface energy modification. The method greatly reduces the influence of local mass transfer resistance, and a uniform nanocrystalline film layer is electroplated under the ultrasound induction. Since only electroplating solution is filled in the tube during the preparation process, the consumption of device and raw materials is greatly reduced. Also, since silica particles are added to the electroplating solution in preparing the nanocrystalline film layer, the surface morphology can be made more uniform and denser in terms of the microscopic morphology. Nano-scale channels structures are etched, so that the super-hydrophobic inner surface can have a better ability to store air, and its water flow impact resistance is greatly enhanced.

The invention belongs to the field of electrochemistry energy material, and more specifically relates to a phosphide with a hierarchical structure, and a preparation method and applications thereof, and especially relates to a phosphide which possesses a hierarchical structure, and is high in water electrolysis catalytic activity and stability, and a preparation method and applications thereof. According to the preparation method, a transition metal salt and a polyol are taken as raw materials, solvothermal method, hydrothermal method, and gas-solid phosphatization method are adopted to prepare the phosphide with a hierarchical structure. The microscopic morphology of the phosphide with a hierarchical structure is hollow nanospheres, and the external part is a nanometer sheet assembled shell layer. The hierarchical structure is capable of promoting exposure of phosphide active sites, and increasing phosphide electrocatalytic activity; and problems in the prior art that experiment process is complex, and cost is high in a conventional template method are solved.

The invention discloses a fracture sample preparation method based on the crack resistance of a basalt fiber and asphalt mixture. The fracture sample preparation method based on the crack resistance of the basalt fiber and asphalt mixture comprises the following steps: molding a basalt fiber and asphalt mixture test piece by adopting a Marshall standard compaction technology, performing asphalt mixture split test under different temperature conditions, selecting a Marshall test piece section and a typical small sample after the test is completed, and observing the indirect tensile section andthe microscopic morphology by a digital camera, a scanning electron microscope and other optical instruments in order to observe the fracture morphology characteristics of the basalt and asphalt mixture macroscopically and microscopically. A fracture obtained by the sample preparation method has various morphologies, is clean and pollution-free, and has no interference from external human factors,and the relationship between the crack resistance of the asphalt mixture and the morphology of the fracture can be analyzed in order to further analyze the improvement mechanism fo the crack resistance of the basalt fiber reinforced asphalt mixture.

The invention provides a method for improving the performance of a micro-arc oxidation film of a titanium alloy by adding nanometer alpha-Al2O3. A test material is an Al-Cu alloy; during testing, a self-made micro-arc oxidation apparatus is used for micro-arc oxidation of the titanium alloy in a silicate system, a constant-voltage mode is used for treatment, micro-arc oxidation voltage is 600 V, micro-arc oxidation frequency is 400 Hz, a duty ratio is 30%, and micro-arc oxidation time is 1 h; and the concentration of the added nanometer alpha-Al2O3 is 3 g/L. According to the invention, when the concentration of the added nanometer alpha-Al2O3 is 3 g/L, the microscopic morphology of the film is substantially improved and the comprehensive performance of the film is improved.