563results about "Phosphides" patented technology

The invention discloses three-dimensional porous urchin-like cobalt phosphide as well as a preparation method and an application thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps of: uniformly mixing a cobalt salt and an amino compound in a neutral-polarity solvent to have hydrothermal reaction to prepare a three-dimensional urchin-like hydrated basic cobalt carbonate precursor mainly formed by assembly of nanowires; and annealing the hydrated basic cobalt carbonate precursor and hypophosphite at a high temperature to obtain the three-dimensional urchin-like cobalt phosphide. By preparing the three-dimensional urchin-like hydrated basic cobalt carbonate precursor by a simple hydrothermal process and obtaining the three-dimensional urchin-like cobalt phosphide through high temperature phosphorization, not only is the process simple and controllable, the source of raw material wide and the cost low, but also the yield is relatively high, and the mass production is realized. The prepared product is uniform in size, has an urchin-like porous structure, maintains more catalytic active sites, has high activity and excellent stability and is wide in application prospect in the field of electric catalysis.

In hexaboride particles having particles of a hexaboride of at least one element (X) selected from Y, La, Ce, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, Sr and Ca, or a dispersion of such particles, the surfaces of the hexaboride particles have physically been coated with a surface treatment agent containing silicon, selected from a silazane type treatment agent, a chlorosilane type treatment agent, an inorganic treatment agent having at least one alkoxyl group in the molecular structure, and an organic treatment agent having at least one alkoxyl group at a molecular terminal or in the side chain, or have been coated with the surface treatment agent, having chemically combined with hexaboride particles on the surfaces of the hexaboride particles.

Embodiments of the invention described herein include metamaterials that exhibit negative permittivity and negative permeability at optical frequencies, methods for preparing such materials, and devices prepared from same.

Synthetic methods for producing uniform in diameter and highly crystalline nanorods of metals, alloys, metal oxides, metal nitrides, metal pnictides or metal chalcogenides by reaction of metal-surfactant complexes injected at a constant injection rate using a syringe pump into a surfactant solution in order to induce the one-dimensional growth of the nanostructured materials, where the reaction includes thermal decomposition, reduction, oxidation, sulfidation and phosphidation, are disclosed. The steps of a typical synthetic method consist of forming metal-surfactant complexes from the reaction of metal precursors and surfactant, injecting said metal-surfactant complex into a solution containing a surfactant and a reagent at high temperature using a syringe pump at a constant injection rate, aging at high temperature, and separating as well as precipitating by adding a poor solvent, and finally retrieving the desired nanorods by centrifuging.

On the premise of deep hydrodesulfurization, the main problem in diesel fuel's hydrotreatment is to rid the refractory sulfide and hydrogenate polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon. Loaded nickel phosphide catalyst demonstrates higher hydrodesulfurization activity and better activity stability. However, the traditional nickel phosphide catalyst is prepared by temperature programming of nickel phosphide, so that dispersion degree of active components is low. In the invention, through solid-phase reaction between phosphorous acid ions and nickel ions, bulk phase and loaded nickel phosphide catalyst with higher active component dispersion degree and fine catalytic activity are obtained at low temperature. The invention is applicable to diesel oil hydroprocessing.

The invention discloses a hydro-thermal synthesis process of phosphide, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, crushing red phosphorus, metal element or metal salt into powder, and then mixing crused powder and water or water solution to obtain suspension; placing the suspension in a closed vessel for heating for 2-72 hours at a temperature between 100 and 300 DEG C; then, naturally cooling reaction products and the reaction vessel to room temperature; and finally taking out the reaction products, and filtering, washing and drying sequentially to obtain the needed phosphide. The invention uses no-toxic and stable red phosphorus to replace common white phosphorus and other phosphorus sources and water to replace common ethene diamine and other organic reagents, reduces the production cost, simplifies the production process, avoids the pollution of toxic by-products and improves the yield.

A method of making a colloidal solution of indium phosphide semiconductor nanocrystals, includes forming a first solution by combining solvents and ligands; and heating the first solution to a temperature equal to or higher than 290° C. and, while heating, adding to the first solution, a second solution containing trialkylindium, a phosphorus precursor and solvents and ligands so that a reaction takes place that forms a colloidal solution of indium phosphide semiconductor nanocrystals. The method further includes forming core shell indium phosphide semiconductor nanocrystals by forming semiconducting shells on the nanocrystals.

Conducting and superconducting doped, magnesium boride materials are formed by a process which combines physical vapor deposition with chemical vapor deposition by physically generating magnesium vapor in a deposition chamber and introducing a boron containing precursor and a dopant into the chamber which combines with the magnesium vapor to form the material. Embodiments include forming carbon-doped magnesium diboride film and powder with hybrid physical-chemical vapor deposition (HPCVD) by adding a carbon-containing metalorganic magnesium precursor, bis(methylcyclopentadienyl)magnesium, with a hydrogen carrier gas together with a borane precursor in a chamber having a source of magnesium vapor.

In a refining method for boron-containing silicon, boron-containing silicon is irradiated with an electron beam in a vacuum vessel to melt the boron-containing silicon. A boron compound-forming substance is introduced into the vacuum vessel, and boron contained in the molten silicon is formed into a boron compound. After at least a portion of the boron compound has vaporized, irradiation with the electron beam is stopped. The high-purity molten silicon can then be solidified.

The invention discloses an ammonia borane or hydrazine hydrate catalytic hydrolysis hydrogen release system containing a nano-metal phosphide MxPy catalyst and an application of the catalytic hydrolysis hydrogen release system. The system comprises the nano-metal phosphide catalyst, ammonia borane or hydrazine hydrate, and water, wherein the nano-metal phosphide catalyst can be represented as MxPy, M is Fe, Co, Ni or Cu, x is larger than or equal to 1 and smaller than or equal to 20, and y is larger than or equal to 1 and smaller than or equal to 10. The nano-metal phosphide MxPy catalyst with the low cost is used for catalyzing hydrolysis of ammonia borane or hydrogen release of hydrazine hydrate, and the cost is low. The catalyst is stable and safe in property, the efficiency is high when the catalyst is applied to catalytic hydrogen release, raw materials required by preparation are cheap, and a preparation method is simple. The catalytic hydrogen release system adopts heterogeneous catalytic reactions, and recycling of the catalyst is facilitated.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a cobalt phosphide hollow nano-fiber material.The preparation method comprises the steps of adding cobalt salt to N, N-dimethylformamide, after the cobalt salt is dissolved, adding polyvinylpyrrolidone, conducting stirring, so that a precursor spinning solution is obtained, and conducting electrostatic spinning, so that a polyvinylpyrrolidone nanofiber membrane doped with cobalt ions is obtained; conducting pre-oxidation, and then conducting calcination at the temperature of 400-700 DEG C, so that a hollow tubular cobaltosic oxide nano-fiber is obtained; then mixing the hollow tubular cobaltosic oxide nano-fiber with sodium hypophosphite monohydrate, conducting a phosphorization reaction, and conducting cleaning and drying, so that the cobalt phosphide hollow nano-fiber material is obtained.The method is environmentally friendly in process and low in cost; the obtained cobalt phosphide hollow nano-fiber material is stable in chemical property and high in activity of electro-catalysis hydrogen evolution and expected to serve as an ideal high-performance electrochemical hydrogen evolution catalytic material.

The invention relates to a method for applying ferro phosphorus to manufacture electrode material with low cost, belonging to a material and electrochemical field. The ferro phosphorus at least comprises P and Fe elements at the same time, thus providing part or all sources of phosphorus and ferro for the electrode material; the ferro phosphorus can be mineral, the smelt products thereof, byproducts of phosphorus chemical industry or silicate chemical industry, or self-made. Compared with the prior art, the method has rich source, low cost, simple manufacture method and process, short production flow; the impurity elements inside the material can be used for carrying out in-situ self-doping modification the invention can effectively increase cycling efficiency and utilization rate of resources, and reduce electrode material cost from the source; the invention is practical and easy for large-scale industrial clean production to realize consumption reduction, energy conservation and comprehensive utilization of resources.

The invention discloses a composite nanostructure based on a three-dimensional porous transition metal carbide Ti3C2MXene and a general preparation method thereof, and belongs to the field of nanomaterials. The three-dimensional composite structure is composed of a three-dimensional porous Mxene-supported inorganic nanostructure, and has a honeycomb hierarchical porous structure. A precursor of atwo-dimensional transition metal carbide and a metal-organic framework compound is subjected to high-temperature pyrolysis or a chemical reaction in an inert or reactive atmosphere to prepare the composite nanostructure with a controllable size. According to the composite nanostructure, stacking of MXene itself is inhibited, an active surface area, porosity, and ion permeability of MXene are increased, and thereby a surface interface of MXene is efficiently used. At the same time, introduction of the metal-organic framework compound realizes uniform and stable compounding of the three-dimensional porous MXene and an inorganic nanomaterial, the fundamental difficult problem that plagues exerting and application of inorganic nanomaterial performance is solved, and the composite nanostructurehas wide application prospects in the fields such as catalysis, energy, photo-electricity, space technology, and military industry.

The invention relates to a method of synthesizing high-temperature melting materials. More specifically the invention relates to a containerless method of synthesizing very high temperature melting materials such as borides, carbides and transition-metal, lanthanide and actinide oxides, using an Aerodynamic Levitator and a laser. The object of the invention is to provide a method for synthesizing extremely high-temperature melting materials that are otherwise difficult to produce, without the use of containers, allowing the manipulation of the phase (amorphous/crystalline/metastable) and permitting changes of the environment such as different gaseous compositions.

The invention discloses a metal phosphide used as lithium ion secondary battery cathode material, which consists of phosphorus and metallic element M. The formula is MxPy, wherein x is larger than or equal to 0.15, and less than or equal to 0.85, and y is larger than or equal to 0.15 and less than or equal to 0.85. The invention also discloses a preparation method for the metal phosphide. The metal phosphide used as lithium ion secondary battery cathode material has higher capacity and better cycle performance, and is suitable for being used as lithium ion secondary battery cathode material; simultaneously, the equipment used by the preparation method of the metal phosphide is simple, and technological conditions are easy and convenient, thereby being beneficial for large scale of popularization and application and having great productive practice significance.

The invention relates to a preparation method of transition metal phosphide Co2P, which includes the following steps that: (1) cobalt salt and hypophosphite as mixing precursors are dissolved in deionized water, and are stirred until the cobalt salt and the hypophosphite are completely dissolved; (2) the produced precursor solution is dried; (3) the dried precursor powder is loaded into a tube furnace, and is calcined under the argon atmosphere; (4) the precursor powder is cooled to the room temperature, the produced product is washed by deionized water and then dried under vacuum, and thereby the transition metal phosphide Co2P is produced. The invention has the following advantages that: the sources of the main materials needed by preparation are rich, the prices are low, and therefore the cost is low; the technique is simple, steps, such as high temperature and high pressure and temperature programming, are not needed, consequently, the preparation flow is simplified, and energy consumption is reduced; in the process of preparation, the environment cannot be polluted, and therefore the invention is suitable for mass production; and when being used for simulating the nickel-metal hydride battery, the prepared product can show good electrochemical invertibility.

The invention provides a novel method for preparing nickel phosphide (Ni12P5) by the low-temperature solvothermal method. The method of the invention is characterized by dissolving anhydrous nickel chloride as a nickel source and sodium hypophosphite as a phosphorus source in a high-boiling-point organic solvent at the room temperature, stirring the materials until the organic solvent is transparent, sealing the organic solvent in a high-pressure kettle and heating up to 140-240 DEG C and reacting for certain time to obtain Ni12P5. The method of the invention is characterized by using a high-boiling point organic substance as the solvent, the reaction conditions are simple and mild and the generated Ni12P5 is the nano-particle with the size being 50nm to 200nm and the specific surface area being larger. The method is favorable for hydrodesulfurization, selective hydrogenation and other catalytic hydrogenation reactions, thus having wider application range.

Disclosed herein is a method for the preparation of metal phosphide nanocrystals using a phosphite compound as a phosphorous precursor. More specifically, disclosed herein is a method for preparing metal phosphide nanocrystals by reacting a metal precursor with a phosphite compound in a solvent. A method is also provided for passivating a metal phosphide layer on the surface of a nanocrystal core by reacting a metal precursor with a phosphite compound in a solvent. The metal phosphide nanocrystals have uniform particle sizes and various shapes.

The invention discloses a supported transition metal phosphide and a preparation method thereof. In the preparation process of the supported transition metal phosphide, no other chemicals are introduced as a phosphorus source, production of a template is not needed, and the phosphorus element contained in a biomass material is used as the phosphorus source to form the transition metal phosphide insitu. The source of the biomass material contains a lot of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen, phosphorus and other elements; the biomaterial is carbonized through a simple hydrothermal process to form a carbon material having a large number of pores and a high conductivity; and the surface of the biomass material has abundant surface functional groups, and has strong adsorption ability on many heavy metal ions and strong reduction ability on high-valence metals. The preparation method has the advantages of few reaction steps, low consumption of chemical reagents, simplicity in operation, short reaction period, realization of wide sources, simplicity and easy obtaining of raw materials, energy saving, environmental protection, cost saving, and good large-scale industrial production prospect.

A multi-hole-and-shell nickel phosphide hollow microsphere compound is provided with a multi-hole secondary nanostructure, and the chemical formula of the multi-hole-and-shell nickel phosphide hollow microsphere compound is Ni2P, wherein Ni to P is 2:1; the diameter of the microsphere is 1.5-2.5 [mu]m, and multi-hole shells are formed by assembling secondary nano particles being 12-17 nm; a solid phase phosphide multi-shell NiO precursor method is adopted for preparation of the multi-hole-and-shell nickel phosphide hollow microsphere compound, and a precursor NiO of the method is prepared through a self-template method; and a material can form a three-electrode system for testing of an electro-catalysis hydrogen evolution property of the material. The multi-hole-and-shell nickel phosphide hollow microsphere compound has the advantages that a multi-hole-and-shell hollow structure formed by assembling the nano particles is advantageous to interface contact of electrode gas-liquid-solid three phases, a better material conveying channel can be provided, and a structural unit of the nano particles can provide more catalytic active sites, so that electro-catalysis activity of the multi-hole-and-shell nickel phosphide hollow microsphere compound is effectively improved, and meanwhile, a product has good electrochemical stability and can serve as a novel catalyst to be applicable to electrolysed water and the like.

There is provided a method of preparing transition metal phosphide comprising the step of mixing a solution of a transition metal precursor and a phosphorous precursor under conditions to form the transition metal phosphide. There is also provided a transition metal phosphide particle made according to the method as defined herein. There is additionally provided a method of preparing a transition metal phosphide-based electrode used for producing hydrogen in the electrolysis of water.