111 results about "White Phosphorus" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of chemical material synthesis and electrochemistry and particularly relates to a method for preparing composite materials and black phosphorus of negative electrode materials of a high-capacity lithium-ion battery. According to the method, the black phosphorus of negative electrode materials of the high-capacity lithium-ion battery is synthesized by a high-pressure synthesis method. On one hand, a high-pressure synthesis device is adopted, white phosphorus and red phosphorus are respectively used as raw materials, and pure-phase black phosphorus is synthesized at different pressures and temperatures; on the other hand, the white phosphorus and the red phosphorus are used as raw materials, modified materials are doped, modified black phosphorus is synthesized, the raw materials account for 10 to 90 percent, and the modified materials account for 5 to 50 percent. The black phosphorus prepared by the method is used as the negative electrode materials of the lithium-ion battery, the specific capacity is 3 to 7 times of that of the industrialized graphite negative electrode, the tap density of the black phosphorus negative electrode materials reaches 1.7 to 2.4g/cm<3> and is 2 to 3 times of that of the graphite negative electrode, and the black phosphorus negative electrode has good compatibility with the existing electrolyte and is hopeful to become a new generation of negative electrode materials of the high-capacity lithium-ion battery.

The invention discloses a hydro-thermal synthesis process of phosphide, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, crushing red phosphorus, metal element or metal salt into powder, and then mixing crused powder and water or water solution to obtain suspension; placing the suspension in a closed vessel for heating for 2-72 hours at a temperature between 100 and 300 DEG C; then, naturally cooling reaction products and the reaction vessel to room temperature; and finally taking out the reaction products, and filtering, washing and drying sequentially to obtain the needed phosphide. The invention uses no-toxic and stable red phosphorus to replace common white phosphorus and other phosphorus sources and water to replace common ethene diamine and other organic reagents, reduces the production cost, simplifies the production process, avoids the pollution of toxic by-products and improves the yield.

A flame retardant additive includes red phosphorus adsorbed into a porous carrier. The carrier may be mixed with white phosphorus above its melting point (41 DEG C), so that liquid phosphorus is pulled into the pores of the carrier by capillary action. The phosphorus-loaded carrier may be heated above 250 DEG C to convert the white phosphorus to red phosphorus. The resulting red phosphorus-loaded carrier may retain flame retardant activity, and may also be protected from the environment for easier handling and formulation. By employing a carrier of a suitably small particle size, it is practical to incorporate the flame retardant red phosphorus-loaded carrier in thin films.

The invention provides a method for large-scale preparation of black phosphorus with a bilayer structure. The method is characterized by comprising steps as follows: 1), white phosphorus or red phosphorus reacts for at least one min at the temperature of 600 DEG C-800 DEG C under the pressure of 6-8 Kbar; 2), a product obtained from the step 1) is placed in an ethanol water solution to be soaked for 4-6 hours; 3), the product is processed for at least 10 min by ultrasonic waves, and the ultrasonic power is 70-80 W. The preparation process is simple, the black phosphorus with the bilayer structure and a higher generation rate can be obtained, and the generation rate can be up to 91.0%. The preparation process is low in cost and facilitates large-scale application.

The invention relates to a blue phosphorus/transition metal disulfide heterojunction anode material and a preparation method thereof. According to the technical scheme, the method comprises the following steps of: based on computational simulation of a first principle method of a density function theory, screening a blue phosphorus/transition metal disulfide heterojunction, and further designing a method for preparing the heterojunction; preparing transition metal disulfide by adopting a chemical vapor deposition method; and uniformly stirring and mixing the transition metal disulfide, white phosphorus powder and an organic solvent, performing centrifugal treatment, and performing annealing treatment in vacuum or argon atmosphere, thereby obtaining the blue phosphorus/transition metal disulfide heterojunction anode material. The anode material prepared by the invention has high structure stability, conductivity, flexibility, high lithium adsorption capacity and good electrical properties, and the preparation process is simple, high in repeatability, high in yield, low in cost and suitable for large-scale industrial production.

The invention relates to hollow urchin-like phosphide. The hollow urchin-like phosphide has a hollow urchin-like shape; the grain diameter is 1mum to 5mum and the wall thickness is 0.5mum to 1mum; a structural formula of the phosphide is represented as AxPy, wherein x and y are determined through valence states of metal A and phosphorus; the metal A is selected from one or more of elements including metal nickel, cobalt, iron, molybdenum, tungsten, sodium, calcium, zinc, aluminum and copper. The hollow urchin-like phosphide is prepared through the following steps: uniformly mixing a prepared metal A monomer microsphere with an alcohol water solution by ultrasounds, and adding a mixture and red phosphorus into a high-pressure kettle and carrying out hydrothermal treatment; after reacting, collecting a product and washing to prepare the hollow urchin-like phosphide. According to the hollow urchin-like phosphide provided by the invention, the raw materials are simple and easy to obtain; a phosphorus source adopts the toxin-free red phosphorus instead of toxic flammable and explosive white phosphorus, so that the dangers of experiments are extremely reduced. The synthesized hollow urchin-like phosphide has the advantages of low density and large specific surface area, and can cover more active sites on a relatively large specific surface area, so that the catalytic activity is higher.

The invention discloses core-shell structure thionazin composite microspheres and a preparation method thereof. The structural formula is shown by ASx@BPy, wherein 0.3<=x<=2, and 0.3<=y<=4. The method comprises the steps that firstly, powdery sulfide microspheres ASx are prepared, then, ASx powder, soluble salt of B and nontoxic red phosphorus are adopted as main raw materials, the core-shell structure thionazin composite microspheres are prepared by adopting a hydrothermal synthesis method under the effect of a surface active agent sodium dodecyl sulfonate (SDS), and the preparation method adopts nontoxic red phosphorus as a phosphorus source to replace a traditional raw material, namely, highly toxic, inflammable and explosive white phosphorus. The preparation method is simple and easy to implement, conditions are easy to control, the repeatability is good, and no later-period thermal treatment is needed. The prepared core-shell structure thionazin composite is better in catalytic performance compared with a single sulfide and phosphide, and can be used for lignin hydrogenation catalysis and photocatalytic degradation of dye wastewater.

The invention relates to a preparation method and application of a negative electrode material of a tin phosphide sodium ion battery. The preparation method of the negative electrode material of the tin phosphide sodium ion battery comprises the following steps of performing ball milling pretreatment on poisonless commercial red phosphorus; preparing dispersing liquid of Sn salt; uniformly mixing the red phosphorus subjected to ball milling pretreatment and the dispersing liquid of the Sn salt; putting into a reaction kettle, and fully reacting, so as to obtain a turbid suspension; naturally cooling the turbid suspension, filtering to obtain a precipitate, washing, and drying, so as to obtain the negative electrode material of the tin phosphide sodium ion battery. The prepared negative electrode material of the tin phosphide sodium ion battery has the advantages that the problems of large irreversible capacity loss and poor conduction and circulation properties are solved when the pure phosphorus material is used for actually preparing a negative electrode of the sodium ion battery; high-poison white phosphorus or organic phosphorus is not used as a phosphorus source, so that the green and simple effects are realized, and the safety is high.

The invention relates to a preparation method of a biofilm carrier and belongs to the technical field of water treatment. The preparation method includes: using diatomite as a template, and forming a layer of chelated coating adsorption calcium ions on the surface of the template through dopamine; burning white phosphorus to generate phosphorus pentoxide to react with alcohol to generate phospholipid; under action of ammonia water, and hydrolyzing phospholipid, wherein hydroxyl on a hydrolysis product are slowly combined with the calcium ions to generate crystal nuclei which grow gradually to finally obtain a carrier crude product with hydroxyl calcium phosphate on the surface. Hydroxyl calcium phosphate is high in biocompatibility, so that the problem that conventional biofilm carriers are low in compatibility with microorganisms is solved; saponin and organic carboxylic acid in biological fermentation liquid increase number of hydrophilic groups on the surface of the carrier under action of the microorganisms, improve wettability of the surface of the carrier and increase probability that sewage contacts with the carrier; nutritional substances provide both a nutritional source and more adhesion sites, so that adhesion difficulty of the microorganisms is lowered, film forming time is shortened, and the biofilm carrier has wide application prospect.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a Ni2P-supported Ni-based catalyst, the obtained Ni2P-supported Ni-based catalyst and application thereof. Low temperature phosphating can be successfully achieved by using plasmas for processing elemental nickel, nickel hydroxides and nickel oxides, and Ni2P is obtained. Meanwhile, non-toxic red phosphorus is used as a phosphorus source in the preparation method, so that using of high-toxicity phosphorus (such as PH3) or white phosphorus or phosphorus pentachloride is avoided, and using of expensive organic reagents such as P(SiMe3)3 and tri-n-octylphosphine (TOP) is avoided. In addition, the Ni2P-supported Ni-based catalyst obtained through the preparation method can be directly used for hydrogen evolution through electrolysis of water, sothat using of binding agents in traditional granular type catalysts is avoided.

The invention relates to the field of preparation of crop fertilizers and relates to a method for preparing a fertilizer special for sugar cane. The method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing spirulina farmyard manure, namely mixing and fermenting lactic acid bacteria fermentation liquor and spirulina mud, and adding the farmyard manure for uniformly mixing; (2) preparing a mixed fertilizer, namely naturally airing the spirulina farmyard manure prepared in the step (1), and mixing the spirulina farmyard manure with urea, boric acid, potassium sulfate, wheat bran, soybean meals and organic selenium; (3) phosphorus fumigating, namely heating white phosphorus, and fumigating the mixed fertilizer prepared in the step (2) by using phosphorus smoke; and (4) grinding the mixed fertilizer subjected to phosphorus fumigation in the step (3) into particles with the granularity of 600-800mu m, preparing nanometer ceramsite, uniformly mixing and stirring the granules by using an aqueous liquid of the nanometer ceramsite, and sealing and fermenting. According to the method, plant sugars are fully and uniformly mixed, plant absorption is promoted, the yield of plant cultivation is greatly improved, the fertilizer is not wasted, and soil fertility is guaranteed.

The phosphorus effusion cell arrangement according to the present invention comprises a first vacuum container for red phosphorus, a second vacuum container for white phosphorus, said first and second vacuum containers being interconnected, means for providing vacuum, a thermal cracker in connection with said second vacuum container, as well as a control valve between said second vacuum container and said thermal cracker. The present invention is characterized in that it further comprises a separating valve between said first and second vacuum containers, provided that there is no direct connection between said first vacuum container and said thermal cracker. The invention also relates to a method for producing molecular phosphorus P2.

The invention discloses a method for preparing compound MgB2 superconductor, and belongs to the technical field of MgB2 superconductor preparation. The method comprises the following steps: taking magnesium powder, boron powder and white phosphorus, milling with anhydrous ethanol, freezing into blocks with liquid nitrogen, conducting pulverization and sieving, then conducting stirring and preheating, adding an ignited magnesium rod, then heating, keeping heat and stirring, filtering to obtain a filtered matter, washing with a hydrochloric acid solution and distilled water, drying, mixing and grinding with graphene, conducting cold drawing to obtain a compound superconductor wire rod, and keeping heat in the xenon condition so as to prepare the compound MgB2 superconductor. The method has the benefits that the preparation steps are simple, the effective pinning center of the superconductor is effectively improved, the critical current density is increased by 12-16%, and the purity is increased by 25.6% or above; the fragility of the obtained product is less, the MgB2 core wire has no crack in the production process, and the material performance is good.

The invention discloses a carbonizing method for waste solid organic matters, and belongs to the field of carbonization. The carbonizing method is characterized in that: by means of a carbonization reaction vessel, the organic matters in solid garbage are crushed by a crusher and poured into the carbonization reaction vessel, zinc chloride, potassium nitrate and strontium nitrate are added, heat is generated in the carbonization reaction vessel by stirring, white phosphorus is fed through the discharge position at the bottom of the carbonization reaction vessel, and the mixture in the carbonization reaction vessel are subjected to incomplete combustion, and are cooled for final obtaining of carbon. The invention also discloses a carbonizing apparatus for the waste solid organic matters. According to the apparatus, an exhaust hood is disposed at the top of the carbonization reaction vessel, and the exhaust hood is connected with a gas purifying device via an exhaust tube. The carbonizing method of the invention is simple and clear, less in investment, fast in profit, and is highly reutilized and generates no pollution; and the apparatus of the invention is simple in structure, low in cost and convenient to use.

The invention relates to the field of aquaculture water quality improvement, in particular to a method for preparing a water quality improver from bagasse. The method comprises the following steps: (1) adding lactobacillus fermentation liquid into the bagasse, and performing mixed fermentation at the temperature of 55-60 DEG C for 5-8 days; (2) naturally air-drying a mixed fermentation product obtained in the step (1), grinding into particles with the particle sizes of 500-600 microns, and mixing the particles with urea, boric acid, potassium sulfate, tea bran and manioc wastes; (3) levigating and heating a mixed fermentation product in the step (2); (4) adding water into a mixture in the step (3), heating white phosphorus, smoking by phosphorus smoke, and sealing for fermentation. According to the method, nutritional elements necessary for alga growth are complemented, the water color is stabilized, the water body environment is friendly and healthy, the survival rate of cultured organisms is increased, the morbidity of the cultured organisms is reduced, the culture quality is improved, and very high economic benefits are brought to farmers.

The invention discloses an ultra-pure white phosphorus ordinary-pressure conversion method. Ultra-pure white phosphorus with the purity of 6N is produced, the produced white phosphorus with the purity of 6N is subjected to ordinary-pressure conversion to obtain red phosphorus, and then after drying, final products are obtained. Conversion adopts modes of cooling pressure reduction and tail gas pressure removal and also gradual temperature rise according to gradients. High-pure red phosphorus obtained through conversion with the method has stable quality and high purity and acceptability. Conversion rate is stabilized at more than 90%. The ultra-pure white phosphorus ordinary-pressure conversion method is safe in operation, low in energy consumption and cost and small in labor intensity, effectively prevents explosion from happening during ultra-pure phosphorus conversion, ensures production safety, is in the low-carbon environment during a production process, and lays the foundation for producing ultra-pure phosphorus in a large scale.

The invention discloses a method used for direct, liquid phase, low temperature synthesis of black phosphorus nano-sheet, and belongs to the technical field of black phosphorus two-dimensional material. According to the method, solvothermal method is adopted, and white phosphorus and ethene diamine are delivered into a reaction vessel; after complete dissolving of white phosphorus, the reaction vessel is sealed, and is heated to 60 to 140 DEG C in a baking oven, and the temperature is maintained for 12h, so that pure phase black phosphorus nano-sheet is obtained after reaction. Operation of the method is simple; cost is low; the method is convenient for industrialized large scale production; the obtained black phosphorus nano-sheet is high in purity; yield is as high as 70%; and the method can be widely applied in fields such as photoelectric devices and catalysis.

The invention relates to a molybdenum nickel ore, in particular to a dephosphorizing process of the molybdenum nickel ore. According to the invention, the method comprises the steps of adopting sulphide ore (containing phosphorus) containing a molybdenum nickel component as a raw material; and oxidizing and roasting the sulphide ore to remove the phosphorus so as to obtain a low-phosphorus molybdenum nickel ore; adding carbon powder to the low-phosphorus molybdenum nickel ore according to the phosphorus content; and then placing the low-phosphorus molybdenum nickel ore in a microwave vacuum furnace to be sintered; adjusting microwave heating frequency and power so as to carry out carbon reduction reaction through microwave in a vacuum state; volatilizing product gaseous elemental phosphorus and the generated CO to enter a gas exhaust passage and recycling the phosphorus and the CO to obtain white phosphorus; and magnetically separating a solid product to obtain the low-phosphorus molybdenum nickel ore.

The invention discloses functional active humic acid nutrient granules. The functional active humic acid nutrient granules are obtained by mixing 24 to 32 parts of discard tobacco, 25 to 35 parts of macleaya cordata, 15 to 25 parts of molasses, 8 to 12 parts of humic acid, 0.5 to 1.5 parts of microbial flora, 2 to 6 parts of urea, 1 to 5 parts of potassium chloride or potassium sulfate, 1 to 5 parts of monoammonium phosphate or white phosphorus, and 0.5 to 1.5 parts of medium trace elements, and carrying out granulation. The functional active humic acid nutrient granules have the advantages of being homologous to plants, free of pollution, wide in insect killing and sterilization functions, and high in manurial effect, can effectively improve soil fertility improvement, increase crop yield and obviously improve agricultural product quality. The functional active humic acid nutrient granules can serve as not only a tobacco fertilizer, but also a tea fertilizer and a banana fertilizer, as well as a flower fertilizer. The invention further discloses a preparation method of the functional active humic acid nutrient granules.

The invention relates to a solid-state phosphor cracking source furnace molecular beam epitaxy indium phosphide material method. The method includes the following steps: rotating substrate heater to side beam flux position and heating cracking area in molecular beam epitaxy system; cooling the cracking area and heating red phosphorus area; closing cracking valve and cooling the red phosphorus area; setting required temperature value for the growing material; calculating phosphor source exhaustion time. The unique of the invention is that it can exactly control white phosphorus transformation quantity and exhaustion time, and extend out high performance indium phosphide material.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a soil conditioner from industrial solid waste. The method comprises the following steps: (1) crushing and neutralizing: adding 2-3% of quick lime into araw material phosphogypsum, and crushing and neutralizing to obtain modified phosphogypsum; (2) mixing and stirring: uniformly stirring the modified phosphogypsum, a white phosphorus fertilizer, phosphate tailings and organic matters according to a weight ratio of (40-50): (35-45): (5-15): (1-5) to obtain a granular soil conditioner; and (3) grinding: grinding the granular soil conditioner into powder to obtain the soil conditioner. The method is simple in preparation process and low in energy consumption; and the industrial solid waste is used as a raw material for preparing the soil conditioner, so the method has important significance in saving the cost, protecting the environment and creating a new circular economy mode for industrial farmers.

The invention discloses a nickel-phosphorus intermediate alloy and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps that metal nickel and a nickel-phosphorus alloy are provided; part of the metal nickel and the nickel-phosphorus alloy are subjected to heat treatment for 5-60 min at the temperature of 900 DEG C or above, then the balance of the metal nickel is added, smelting is conducted for 1-20 min at the temperature of 1000-1100 DEG C, and first molten metal liquid is obtained; and liquid white phosphorus is injected into the first molten metal liquid, heat treatment is conducted for 1-10 min at the temperature of 1000 DEG C or above, and the nickel-phosphorus intermediate alloy is obtained. White phosphorus is adopted as a phosphorus source, introduction of impurities in the nickel-phosphorus alloy is reduced, meanwhile, the smelting temperature is lower, and nickel-phosphorus processing with low energy consumption, low pollution and low carbon emission is achieved.

The present invention relates to metal luminescent phosphide material. The hydrothermal process of preparing nano phosphide line includes: adding gallium phosphide or indium phosphide and sodium hydroxide in the molar ratio of 1 to 8 into high pressure reactor and adding water to reach sodium hydroxide concentration of 0.4 mol/L; adding cetyl trimethyl ammonium bride of 2-4 molar times the metalphosphide and n-hexanol and heptane in the amount of 0.1 time and 1/3 time the volume of water separately via stirring; adding white phosphorus in 5 molar times the phosphide and elementary iodine in2 molar times; reaction in closed condition at 160-200 deg.c for 24-48 hr; filtering to obtain coarse product; washing wo benzene, ethanol, dilute hydrochloric acid solution and water successively and drying to obtain the product.

The invention discloses a water clarifying agent for improving fishing water.The water clarifying agent is prepared from, by weight, 15-16 parts of rapeseed cake powder, 10-11 parts of fresh orange peel, 4-6 parts of calcium lignosulphonate, 2.2-2.5 parts of tartaric powder, 4-5 parts of white phosphorus, 3-4 parts of attapulgite powder, 23-25 parts of bagasse, 62-65 parts of sunflower calathide, 1.6-1.9 parts of ferroferric oxide powder, 28-32 parts of 0.1mol/L ferrous oxalate and proper amounts of acetic acid solution and water.Organic matters are added to serve as nutrients to accelerate growing of plants in water, so that dissolved oxygen content in the water is increased, growing of small insect type animals is facilitated, and food sources of fishes are increased greatly; the clarifying agent has toxic and harmful matter adsorption effect, so that growing and breeding of the fishes are facilitated and the water is optimized to be high-quality fishing water.

The invention discloses plant source functional selenium-rich nutrient granules. The plant source functional selenium-rich nutrient granules are prepared by performing mixing and then granulation on the following raw materials in parts by weight: 21-39 parts of abandoned tobacco leaves, 25-35 parts of macleaya cordata, 15-25 parts of molasses, 0.5-1.5 parts of microbial flora, 2-6 parts of urea, 1-5 parts of potassium sulfate or potassium chloride, 1-5 parts of mono-ammonium phosphate or white phosphorus, 1-3 parts of medium trace elements, 4-8 parts of natural high polymer nano carrier shells, and 0.5-1.5 parts of sodium selenite. The plant source functional selenium-rich nutrient granules have the advantages that plants are homogenous and pollution-free, an extensive insecticidal and fungicidal function is achieved, the biological bacterium activity is strong, the fertilizer effect is high, a healthcare function is achieved, soil can be improved and the soil fertility can be raised effectively, the crop yield is increased, and the quality of agricultural products is obviously improved. This fertilizer not only can be used as a tobacco fertilizer but also can be used as a tea and banana fertilizer, and can also be used as a flower fertilizer. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the plant source functional selenium-rich nutrient granules.

The invention relates to a Fex@Co<1-x>P-RGO composite material and an in-situ synthesis method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps: firstly, mixing an iron source, a cobalt source and a graphene oxide solution to obtain a solution, adding phytic acid into the solution with uniform mixing to obtain a reaction solution; sequentially carrying out high-temperature hydrothermal reaction, centrifugation and drying on the reaction solution to obtain a precursor; and finally, calcining the precursor to obtain the Fex@Co<1-x>P-RGO composite material, wherein the composite material can be applied to an electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction. Compared with the prior art, the phytic acid is adopted as a phosphorus source, and compared with red phosphorus, white phosphorus and other materials, the phytic acid is higher in safety; besides, the reduced graphene oxide is used as a carrier, so that the contact area between the FeP active center and water and the contact area between the CoP active center and water are increased, and the reaction activity of the electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution reaction is higher.