The invention provides an unlocking device made of a shape memory material and belongs to the field of
space technology. By the adoption of the unlocking device made of the shape memory material, the problems that impulse is high, potential
pollution hazards exist, the structural size is large, and redundant matter is generated are solved. The unlocking device made of the shape memory material comprises a screw, a spring, an axial check ring, a split
washer, a base and an elastic pin. The spring is compressed and fixed to the upper bottom surface of the screw. The spring is sleeved with the axial check ring. The inner
diameter of the spring is larger than the
radius of the screw. The split
washer is located between the screw and the axial check ring and between locating shaft shoulder of the screw and the base. At least one of the matched surfaces between the base and the split
washer is a
conical surface, and at least one of the matched surfaces between the shaft shoulder on the head of the screw and the split washer is a
conical surface. The spring exerts
axial force on the axial check ring and the screw, the axial check ring moves upwards along the screw, the split washer is free of radial constraint, the locating shaft shoulder of the screw exert the
axial force on the split washer, and then the split washer moves in the radial direction. By the adoption of the unlocking device made of the shape memory material, no redundant matter is generated, an extra collecting device is not needed, a small structure is achieved, no
pollution is caused,
smoke leakage is not caused, and the problem of hidden danger caused by
smoke leakage of initiating explosive devices is avoided.