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1070 results about "Spectral resolution" patented technology
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The spectral resolution of a spectrograph, or, more generally, of a frequency spectrum, is a measure of its ability to resolve features in the electromagnetic spectrum.
SQUID detected NMR and MRI at ultralow fields
InactiveUS6885192B2Accurate couplingReduce signal bandwidthUltrasonic/sonic/infrasonic diagnosticsInfrasonic diagnosticsNMR - Nuclear magnetic resonanceSignal-to-noise ratio
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals are detected in microtesla fields. Prepolarization in millitesla fields is followed by detection with an untuned de superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer. Because the sensitivity of the SQUID is frequency independent, both signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and spectral resolution are enhanced by detecting the NMR signal in extremely low magnetic fields, where the NMR lines become very narrow even for grossly inhomogeneous measurement fields. MRI in ultralow magnetic field is based on the NMR at ultralow fields. Gradient magnetic fields are applied, and images are constructed from the detected NMR signals.
Owner:RGT UNIV OF CALIFORNIA
Common path frequency domain optical coherence reflectometry/tomography device
InactiveUS7428053B2Relieving the requirements to the spectral resolutionEliminate the problemInterferometersMaterial analysis by optical meansOptical radiationData acquisition
Common path frequency domain optical coherence reflectometry / tomography devices include a portion of optical fiber with predetermined optical properties adapted for producing two eigen modes of the optical radiation propagating therethrough with a predetermined optical path length difference. The two replicas of the optical radiation outgoing from the portion of the optical fiber are then delivered to an associated sample by an optical fiber probe. The tip of the optical fiber serves as a reference reflector and also serves as a combining element that produces a combination optical radiation by combining an optical radiation returning from the associated sample with a reference optical radiation reflected from the reference reflector. The topology of the devices allows for registering a cross-polarized or a parallel-polarized component of the optical radiation reflected or backscattered from the associated sample. Having the optical path length difference for the two eigen modes of the optical radiation (which is an equivalent of an interferometer offset in previously known devices) differ from the reference offset in the devices of the present invention allows for relieving the requirements to the spectral resolution of the FD OCT engine and / or data acquisition and processing system, and substantially eliminates depth ambiguity problems.
Owner:IMALUX CORP
Direct detector for terahertz radiation
ActiveUS7420225B1Improve performanceIncrease bolometric responsivitySemiconductor/solid-state device detailsNanoinformaticsGratingTerahertz radiation
A direct detector for terahertz radiation comprises a grating-gated field-effect transistor with one or more quantum wells that provide a two-dimensional electron gas in the channel region. The grating gate can be a split-grating gate having at least one finger that can be individually biased. Biasing an individual finger of the split-grating gate to near pinch-off greatly increases the detector's resonant response magnitude over prior QW FET detectors while maintaining frequency selectivity. The split-grating-gated QW FET shows a tunable resonant plasmon response to FIR radiation that makes possible an electrically sweepable spectrometer-on-a-chip with no moving mechanical optical parts. Further, the narrow spectral response and signal-to-noise are adequate for use of the split-grating-gated QW FET in a passive, multispectral terahertz imaging system. The detector can be operated in a photoconductive or a photovoltaic mode. Other embodiments include uniform front and back gates to independently vary the carrier densities in the channel region, a thinned substrate to increase bolometric responsivity, and a resistive shunt to connect the fingers of the grating gate in parallel and provide a uniform gate-channel voltage along the length of the channel to increase the responsivity and improve the spectral resolution.
Owner:NAT TECH & ENG SOLUTIONS OF SANDIA LLC
Common path frequency domain optical coherence reflectometer and common path frequency domain optical coherence tomography device
InactiveUS7426036B2Improve fluencyImprove signal-to-noise ratioInterferometersMaterial analysis by optical meansData acquisitionHandling system
Common path frequency domain optical coherence reflectometry / tomography devices with an additional interferometer are suggested. The additional interferometer offset is adjusted such, that it is ether less than the reference offset, or exceeds the distance from the reference reflector to the distal boundary of the longitudinal range of interest. This adjustment allows for relieving the requirements to the spectral resolution of the frequency domain optical coherence reflectometry / tomography engine and / or speed of the data acquisition and processing system, and eliminates depth ambiguity problems. The new topology allows for including a phase or frequency modulator in an arm of the additional interferometer improving the signal-to-noise ratio of the devices. The modulator is also capable of substantially eliminating mirror ambiguity, DC artifacts, and autocorrelation artifacts. The interference signal is produced either in the interferometer or inside of the optical fiber probe leading to the sample.
Owner:IMALUX CORP
Spectroscopic imaging device employing imaging quality spectral filters
InactiveUSRE36529E1Retaining image fidelityQuick buildRadiation pyrometryInterferometric spectrometryLow speedImaging quality
Techniques for providing spectroscopic imaging integrates an acousto-optic tunable filter (AOTF), or an interferometer, and a focal plane array detector. In operation, wavelength selectivity is provided by the AOTF or the interferometer. A focal plane array detector is used as the imaging detector in both cases. Operation within the ultraviolet, visible, near-infrared (NIR) spectral regions, and into the infrared spectral region, is achieved. The techniques can be used in absorption spectroscopy and emission spectroscopy. Spectroscopic images with a spectral resolution of a few nanometers and a spatial resolution of about a micron, are collected rapidly using the AOTF. Higher spectral resolution images are recorded at lower speeds using the interferometer. The AOTF technique uses entirely solid-state components and requires no moving parts. Alternatively, the interferometer technique employs either a step-scan interferometer or a continuously modulated interferometer.
Owner:US DEPT OF HEALTH & HUMAN SERVICES
Apparatus and method for detecting raman and photoluminescence spectra of a substance
An apparatus and method for detecting Raman and photoluminescence spectra of a substance and identifying said substance by Raman and / or photoluminescence spectral characteristics of said substance are disclosed. An apparatus comprises a replaceable laser source aggregate with a laser source, a collimating system, a socket for receiving said replaceable laser source aggregate, while ensuring the operation of said apparatus with no further adjustment of a positioning of said collimating system or said laser source, a filtering system, a light dispersing system optimized for a spectral resolution and a spectral range sufficient to simultaneously obtain Raman and photoluminescence spectra of said substance, a detector, and at least one controller for processing electrical signals. The disclosed and claimed method provides for obtaining Raman and photoluminescence spectra of a substance simultaneously, for separating said spectra into components based on Raman and photoluminescence contents, for analyzing said Raman and photoluminescence contents, and for identifying said substance by utilizing a set of spectral processing methods.
Owner:ENHANCED SPECTROMETRY
Optical slicer for improving the spectral resolution of a dispersive spectrograph
Owner:TORNADO SPECTRAL SYST
Common optical path combined optical field spectral imaging method and device
ActiveCN103471715AHigh spectral resolutionAchieve simultaneous acquisitionSpectrum investigationCamera lensBeam splitter
The invention discloses a common optical path combined optical field spectral imaging method and a common optical path combined optical field spectral imaging device. Target radiation information is projected into and passes through a main lens, after being modulated by an optical filter array arranged in the main lens, the target radiation information is divided by a beam splitter prism so as to obtain two optical paths, namely, a transmission optical path and a reflection optical path, wherein the transmission optical path realizes high spectral resolution optical field imaging with a detector A through a microlens array, the reflection optical path directly conducts high spatial resolution panchromatic imaging through a detector B, the high spectral resolution optical field imaging information and the high spatial resolution panchromatic imaging information are sent by the detector A and the detector B to a computer for image registration and reconstitution, and the high spatial resolution and high spectral resolution image is obtained by adopting a multi-source data fusion rule. The device has the advantages of simultaneously obtaining the complete spectrum image information and high spatial resolution image information of the target, having a simple structure and light weight, and being miniaturized.
Owner:BEIHANG UNIV
NMR and MRI apparatus and method
InactiveUS7187169B2Avoid interferenceRaise the ratioMagnetic measurementsElectric/magnetic detectionLow noiseNMR - Nuclear magnetic resonance
Owner:RGT UNIV OF CALIFORNIA
Multi channel Raman spectroscopy system and method
InactiveUS20050264808A1High resolutionReduce power consumptionRadiation pyrometrySpectrum investigationGratingDetector array
A spectrometer that provides the ability to combine the advantages of high resolution, compactness, ruggedness, and low-power consumption of Fabry-Perot (FP) tunable filter spectrometer, with the multi-channel multiplexing advantage of FT and / or grating / detector array. The key concept is to design and operate a tunable FP filter in a multiple-order condition. This filter is then followed by a “low-resolution” fixed grating, which disperses the filtered n-order signal into a preferably matched N-element detector array for parallel detection. The spectral resolution in this system is determined by the FP filter, which can be designed to have very high resolution. The N-order parallel detection scheme reduces the total integration or scan time by a factor of N to achieve the same signal to noise ratio (SNR) at the same resolution as the single channel tunable filter method. This design is also very flexible, allowing spectrometer systems with appropriate order N to thereby optimize the system performance for spectral resolution and scan integration time. In addition to the significant reduction in scan integration time, there are two other advantages to this approach. The first, because the FP tunable filter is designed and operated under n-orders, the fabrication tolerances of the FP filter cavity and operating conditions are significantly loosened.
Owner:AXSUN TECH
Near-field transform spectroscopy
InactiveUS6858436B2Improve signal-to-noise ratioHigh spectral resolutionSpectrum investigationComponent separationAnalyteSpectroscopy
An exemplary system and method for detecting at least one analyte in a sample comprises inter alia a source of radiation (300), a near-field aperture array (315), a chromatographic field (330), a detector (350), and a data processor (370). Disclosed features and specifications may be variously controlled, adapted or otherwise optionally modified to improve detection of any sub-diffraction-limited scale phenomena. Exemplary embodiments of the present invention representatively provide for improved S / N, increased sample throughput, refined spectral resolution and enhanced detection sensitivity.
Owner:GOOGLE TECH HLDG LLC
Spatial and Spectral Calibration of a Panchromatic, Multispectral Image Pair
InactiveUS20080129752A1Image enhancementCharacter and pattern recognitionImage resolutionPoint spread function
Method and system for creating a fused image from an image pair comprising a high resolution panchromatic image and lower resolution multi-spectral image. The method includes obtaining image data (204) defining a first image of a panchromatic image type and a second image of a multi-spectral image type. The first image has a first spatial resolution and a first spectral resolution. The second image has a second spatial resolution which is lower than the first spatial resolution and a second spectral resolution higher than the first spectral resolution. The method also includes a step (212) of concurrently calculating a point-spread function for down-sampling the first image to the second spatial resolution, and a set of weights for down-sampling the second image to the first spectral resolution.
Owner:HARRIS CORP
NMR and MRI apparatus and method
InactiveUS20060091881A1Avoid interferenceRaise the ratioMagnetic measurementsElectric/magnetic detectionLow noiseNMR - Nuclear magnetic resonance
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) signals are detected in microtesla fields. Prepolarization in millitesla fields is followed by detection with an untuned dc superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) magnetometer. Because the sensitivity of the SQUID is frequency independent, both signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and spectral resolution are enhanced by detecting the NMR signal in extremely low magnetic fields, where the NMR lines become very narrow even for grossly inhomogeneous measurement fields. Additional signal to noise benefits are obtained by use of a low noise polarization coil, comprising litz wire or superconducting materials. MRI in ultralow magnetic field is based on the NMR at ultralow fields. Gradient magnetic fields are applied, and images are constructed from the detected NMR signals.
Owner:RGT UNIV OF CALIFORNIA
Multi-parameter logging method while drilling based on controllable neutron source
ActiveCN102518431AShorten the lengthSimple structureBorehole/well accessoriesNuclear radiation detectionSequence designLithology
Owner:CHINA UNIV OF PETROLEUM (EAST CHINA)
Temporal-spatial joint filtering high-resolution DOA (Direction of Arrival) estimation method based on compressed sensing technology
InactiveCN103399312ALower the input SNR thresholdEffective estimateWave based measurement systemsCompressed sensingNarrowband
The invention provides a temporal-spatial joint filtering high-resolution DOA (Direction of Arrival) estimation method based on a compressed sensing technology. The method comprises the following steps: (1) acoustic pressure vibration velocity joint temporal filtering, to be specific, carrying out rotating combination on the data of an acoustic vector sensor, and utilizing differences in the corresponding properties of a signal and noise to carry out denoising processing; (2) matrix spatial filtering, to be specific, carrying out spatial filtering on the temporally filtered data by a matrix spatial filter of which the maximum value of the mean square error of attenuation in a stop-band and a passband is minimum; and (3) compressed sensing DOA estimation by the array of the acoustic vector sensor, to be specific, receiving data and a manually formed spatial over-complete redundance dictionary via an input array preprocessed by temporal filtering, and seeking the sparse representation of the signal to carry out vector spatial spectrum estimation. The method has great spectral resolution capability in the high-resolution DOA estimation problem of a high-speed motion target under single snapshot conditions and is insensitive to the wideband and narrowband properties and coherent properties of the signal.
Owner:HARBIN ENG UNIV
Spectrum polarization detection device and method for synchronous polarization modulation interference imaging
InactiveCN103063303AHigh spectral resolutionImprove accuracyInterferometric spectrometryPolarisation spectroscopyLight intensityPhysics
The invention discloses a spectrum polarization detection device and a method for synchronous polarization modulation interference imaging. The spectrum polarization detection device comprises a preposed polarization imaging system, an image plane interference imaging spectrometer and a signal processing system which are arranged on the same optical axis in sequence. Incident light forms four groups of light beams with different polarization state information through a polarization element and the light beams are separated on a space of a back focal plane of a microlens array. The separated light beams shoot into a lateral cutting beam splitter after passing through a collimator objective lens and are divided into two crosswise, and optical path difference information is brought in. Two branches of emergent light passes through a postpositional imaging objective lens, a target image with interference information and polarization state information is obtained on a target face of a detector, and the target image is transformed into an electrical signal and enters a signal processing system. Fourier transform is carried out, and light intensity information, spectral information and complete Stokes polarization information of a two-dimensional space of each target point are obtained. The spectrum polarization detection device for synchronous polarization modulation interference imaging has the advantages of being high spectral resolution, high in signal to noise ratio and simultaneous in complete Stokes polarization information and can be used for spectrum detection of a narrow band or a wide band.
Owner:NANJING UNIV OF SCI & TECH
Spectral resolution enhancement of magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging
InactiveUS20100085050A1Spectral broadeningMeasurements using NMR imaging systemsElectric/magnetic detectionTime domainMagnetic resonance spectroscopic
A method and apparatus for enhancing the spectral resolution of magnetic resonance spectroscopic (MRS) measurements include receiving time domain echo data from an MRS measurement for an MRS volume in a subject. Also received are high spatial resolution complex signal values within the MRS volume based on magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) measurements. Frequency-domain content is determined for the echo data based at least in part on the complex signal values. For example, in some embodiments, receiving complex signal values includes receiving high spatial resolution complex signal values within the MRS volume for each of two different echo time settings. The frequency-domain content of the echo data is corrected for a lineshape profile based on high resolution frequency dispersion values for the MRS volume determined from differences in the complex signal values for the two different echo time settings.
Owner:THE TRUSTEES OF COLUMBIA UNIV IN THE CITY OF NEW YORK
Real-time calibration high spectral resolution lidar device
InactiveCN101710178AImprove measurement efficiencyImprove measurement accuracyElectromagnetic wave reradiationICT adaptationBeam splitterData acquisition
The invention relates to a real-time calibration high spectral resolution lidar device for measuring atmospheric wind field. The invention comprises a transmitting system composed of a pulse laser, a beam expander and a reflector, a receiving system composed of a telescope, optical filters, a molecular iodine filter, beam splitters and photoelectric detectors, a data acquisition system connected with the photoelectric detectors, and a data processing computer. The invention is characterized by also comprising two receiving channels of the rotational Raman, and the two receiving channels of the rotational Raman are connected in parallel by the beam splitters, extracts atmospheric molecule rotational Raman spectrum from the original detecting signal, and connected with the data acquisition system, the data acquisition system is connected with the data processing computer and transmits the acquired information to the data processing computer. The invention is characterized in that gasoloid relative concentration and atmospheric parameters are obtained from primary optical detection, and simultaneously wind speed refutation is carried out, measurement efficiency and measurement accuracy are improved with the wind speed measurement accuracy reaching 1m / s.
Owner:OCEAN UNIV OF CHINA
Methods, systems and computer program products for fusion of high spatial resolution imagery with lower spatial resolution imagery using correspondence analysis
Methods, systems and computer program products are provided for fusing images having different spatial resolutions, for example, different spatial and / or spectral resolutions. Data for at least two images having different spatial resolutions is obtained. A component analysis transform is performed on a lower spatial resolution image of the at least two images. A component of the component analysis transform of the lower resolution image containing a small amount of information associated with the low spatial resolution image is replaced with information from a higher spatial resolution image of the at least two images.
Owner:IMAGING & INFORMATION SYST
Chirped-pulse terahertz spectroscopy
ActiveUS8748822B1Radiation pyrometryMaterial analysis by optical meansSpectroscopy methodsChirp pulse
Terahertz spectroscopy methods that are fast and have excellent spectral resolution and that do not require background correction of the instrument response without sample are disclosed. In one instance, the methods include phase coherent chirp pulse generation and phase coherent detection.
Owner:UNIV OF MASSACHUSETTS +1
Spectroscopic sensor for measuring sheet properties
ActiveUS20070153281A1Improve resolutionImprove signal-to-noiseRadiation pyrometrySpectrum investigationSpectrographWavelength
A spectroscopic sensor for measuring flat sheet product is disclosed. The disclosed sensor uses a combination of spectrometers and single-channel detectors and filters together with a broadband source of illumination to optimally measure multiple properties of a flat sheet product. A spectrometer is used to measure over a spectral range where an easily configurable set of wavelength channels is needed and where the signal-to-noise ratios and spectral resolutions of the channels are consistent with the spectral range and number of pixels of the spectrometer; while one or more single channel detector and filter combinations are used to measure, with high signal-to-noise ratio, at specific wavelengths within or outside the spectral range of the spectrometer(s). Therefore, the single channel detectors can be used to complement the information provided by a spectrometer or to extend the working range of a spectrometer by providing single wavelength measurements anywhere in the visible, near-IR or mid-IR spectral regions.
Owner:HONEYWELL ASCA INC
Spectral Calibration of Image Pairs Using Atmospheric Characterization
A system (100) for processing remotely acquired imagery is provided. The system (100) includes a storage element for receiving imagery data defining a first image of a panchromatic image type using a sensor characterized by a panchromatic spectral response curve and a second image of a multi-spectral image type using at least one other sensor characterized by a plurality of multi-spectral response curves associated with a plurality of optical bands. The first image has a first spatial resolution and a first spectral resolution. The second image has a second spatial resolution lower than the first spatial resolution and a second spectral resolution higher than that first spectral resolution. The system (100) also includes a processing element configured for deriving a radiation transfer model based on meta-data associated with one of the first and the second image and for determining a set of spectral weights for down-sampling the second image to the first spectral resolution based on the radiation transfer model and the panchromatic and the multi-spectral response curves.
Owner:HARRIS CORP
Light emitting diode (LED) array for excitation emission matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectroscopy
InactiveUS6985224B2Lower component costsEasy to useRadiation pyrometryRaman/scattering spectroscopySpectrographExcitation emission matrix
This invention discloses an Excitation Emission Matrix (EEM) fluorescence spectrometer system that uses an LED array to cause excitation emission matrix fluorescence that is imaged onto a spectrograph for sample identification and analysis. By using the LED array, the spectrograph requires only high spectroscopic resolution of about 1 to 5 nm in the fluorescence emission range and low excitation light resolution of about 14 to 73 nm in the excitation range. While individual LED optical excitation spectra may contain wavelength regions that overlap, as long as the various LEDs have different excitation wavelengths and intensities, spectral overlap does not preclude data analysis. The invention provides an EEM spectroscopy system that is not a high resolution such as a laser or lamp based excitation system, but instead uses a lower resolution, lower power LED system. The invention also provides results that are comparable to existing systems with lower component cost and lower power requirements while also optically stable, small, and easy to use.
Owner:THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA AS REPRESENTED BY THE SECRETARY OF THE NAVY
Optical spectral power monitors employing time-division-multiplexing detection schemes
InactiveUS7177496B1Overcome effectImprove versatilitySpectrum investigationTime-division optical multiplex systemsPolarization diversityWdm optical networks
The present invention provides a method and apparatus for optical spectral power monitoring that employ a time-division-multiplexed detection scheme. The optical spectral power monitoring apparatus of the present invention uses a wavelength-dispersing means such as a diffraction grating to separate a multi-wavelength optical signal into multiple spectral channels and an array of beam-manipulating elements positioned to correspond with the spectral channels. The beam-manipulating elements are individually controllable so as to direct the spectral channels into an optical detector in a time-division-multiplexed sequence. The optical spectral power monitoring apparatus may further employ a polarization diversity scheme, thereby becoming polarization insensitive. This enables the apparatus of the present invention to enhance spectral resolution, while providing improved accuracy in optical spectral power detection. Accordingly, a variety of novel optical spectral power monitors can be constructed according to the present invention, that are well suitable for WDM optical networking applications.
Owner:CAPELLA PHOTONICS INC
Structured Smoothing for Superresolution of Multispectral Imagery Based on Registered Panchromatic Image
InactiveUS20080131024A1High resolutionImage enhancementImage analysisImage resolutionMultispectral image
Method and system for creating a fused image from an image pair. The method includes obtaining (204) image data defining a first image of a panchromatic image type and a second image of a multi-spectral image type. The first image has a first spatial resolution and a first spectral resolution. The second image has a second spatial resolution which is lower than the first spatial resolution and a second spectral resolution higher than the first spectral resolution. The first image and the second image are fused (216) to initialize a fused image having the first spatial resolution and the second spectral resolution. A blurring function is used (220) to help form the fused image.
Owner:HARRIS CORP
Detector for x-rays with high spatial and high spectral resolution
ActiveUS20170052128A1Material analysis by transmitting radiationMaterial analysis using radiation diffractionSpectrometerImage plane
An x-ray spectrometer system comprising an x-ray imaging system with at least one achromatic imaging x-ray optic and an x-ray detection system. The optical train of the imaging system is arranged so that its object focal plane partially overlaps an x-ray emitting volume of an object. An image of a portion of the object is formed with a predetermined image magnification at the x-ray detection system. The x-ray detection system has both high spatial and spectral resolution, and converts the detected x-rays to electronic signals. In some embodiments, the detector system may have a small aperture placed in the image plane, and use a silicon drift detector to collect x-rays passing through the aperture. In other embodiments, the detector system has an energy resolving pixel array x-ray detector. In other embodiments, wavelength dispersive elements may be used in either the optical train or the detector system.
Owner:SIGRAY INC
Method and apparatus for multi-mode spectral imaging
A method and apparatus is disclosed for multi-mode spectral imaging. In one embodiment, the present invention comprises the steps of illuminating an object with a modified illumination profile, producing a reflected, transmitted or fluorescence image of the illuminated object, scanning the object, and re-imaging the reflected, transmitted or fluorescence light after modifying the light's optical state. The present invention preferably works in conjunction with other imaging systems to provide both high-spectral resolution images with lower temporal resolution and multiple image acquisition with high temporal resolution.
Owner:TELEDYNE DIGITAL IMAGING US INC
Method and System for Enhancing Predictive Accuracy of Planet Surface Characteristics from Orbit
ActiveUS20180218197A1Accurate image alignmentAchieve accuracyImage enhancementImage analysisSharpeningSpectral image
A method and system for enhancing predictive accuracy of planet surface characteristics from orbit using an extended approach of Pan-Sharpening by using multiple high resolution bands to reconstruct high resolution hyperspectral image is disclosed. Sparsity based classification algorithm is applied to rock type classification. An Extended Yale B face database is used for performance evaluation; and utilizing deep Neural Networks for pixel classification. The present invention presents a system that can significantly enhance the predictive accuracy of surface characteristics from the orbit. The system utilizes complementary images collected from imagers onboard satellites. The present system and method generates high spatial high spectral resolution images; accurate detection of anomalous regions on Mars, Earth, or other planet surfaces; accurate rock / material classification using orbital data and the surface characterization performance will be comparable to in-situ results; and accurate chemical concentration estimation of rocks.
Owner:SIGNAL PROCESSING
Apparatus for measuring imaging spectrograph
ActiveUS20060077385A1Reduce positional differencesHigh resolutionRadiation pyrometrySpectrum investigationEntrance angleSpectrograph
The present invention discloses an apparatus for measuring spectrum and image with high spatial resolution and spectral resolution. The apparatus comprises an imaging side telecentric lens for collecting light from an object, an optical slit positioned behind the imaging side telecentric lens, an aspheric lens for collimating lights from the optical slits, a dispersing device for separating the lights of different wavelengths into a plurality of sub-rays of different entrance angle, an achromatic lens for focusing the sub-rays, and an optical sensor for detecting the optical intensity of the sub-rays. The dispersing device can be a transmission or reflection diffraction grating, and the optical sensor may consist of a plurality of photo-detectors positioned in a two dimensional array.
Owner:IND TECH RES INST
Perceptual coding of image signals using separated irrelevancy reduction and redundancy reduction
InactiveUS20060147124A1Guaranteed normal transmissionConserving transmitted bitsSpeech analysisCode conversionFrequency spectrumTemporal resolution
A perceptual coder is disclosed for encoding image signals, such as speech or music, with different spectral and temporal resolutions for redundancy reduction and irrelevancy reduction. The image signal is initially spectrally shaped using a prefilter. The prefilter output samples are thereafter quantized and coded to minimize the mean square error (MSE) across the spectrum. The disclosed perceptual image coder can use fixed quantizer step-sizes, since spectral shaping is performed by the pre-filter prior to quantization and coding. The disclosed pre-filter and post-filter support the appropriate frequency dependent temporal and spectral resolution for irrelevancy reduction. A filter structure based on a frequency-warping technique is used that allows filter design based on a non-linear frequency scale. The characteristics of the pre-filter may be adapted to the masked thresholds, using techniques known from speech coding, where linear-predictive coefficient (LPC) filter parameters are used to model the spectral envelope of the speech signal. Likewise, the filter coefficients may be efficiently transmitted to the decoder for use by the post-filter using well-established techniques from speech coding, such as an LSP (line spectral pairs) representation, temporal interpolation, or vector quantization.
Owner:AGERE SYST INC
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