168 results about "High temporal resolution" patented technology

Quick frequency tracking (QFT), quick time tracking (QTT), and non-causal pilot filtering (NCP) are used to detect sporadically transmitted signaling, e.g., paging indicators. For QFT, multiple hypothesized frequency errors are applied to an input signal to obtain multiple rotated signals. The energies of the rotated signals are computed. The hypothesized frequency error with the largest energy is provided as a frequency error estimate. For QTT, coherent accumulation is performed on the input signal for a first set of time offsets, e.g., early, on-time, and late. Interpolation, energy computation, and non-coherent accumulation are then performed to obtain a timing error estimate with higher time resolution. For NCP, pilot symbols are filtered with a non-causal filter to obtain pilot estimates for one antenna for non-STTD and for two antennas for STTD. The frequency and timing error estimates and the pilot estimates are used to detect the signaling.

A radiotomography apparatus according to the present invention includes a radiation detection device that irradiates radiation from a radiation source in multiple directions around an object to be examined and detects radiation transmitted through the object from the multiple directions; a table on which the object lies and which can move the object in a body axis direction of the object; reconstruction parameter setting device that sets reconstruction parameters that include an amount of movement of the table in the body axis direction, and that are used to reconstruct an image of the object; a reconstruction view area calculating device that calculates a reconstruction view area for at least one data segment that is necessary for a reconstruction calculation that is determined for each spatial position that is reconstructed based on the set reconstruction parameters; a reference segment position setting device that sets a reference segment position in the calculated reconstruction view area according to a phase signal that is obtained by dynamic analysis of the object; an effective segment calculating device that calculates a data segment including the set reference segment position as an effective segment using a predetermined weight function; and an image creating device that creates an image by reconstructing the calculated effective segments. It is thus possible to provide a radiotomography apparatus that can both enhance temporal resolution and reduce ineffective radiation exposure.

Method, systems and arrangements are provided for creating a high-resolution magnetic resonance image (“MRI”) or obtaining other information of a target, such as a cardiac region of a patient. Radio-frequency (“RF”) pulses can be transmitted toward the target by, e.g., an RF transmitter of an MRI apparatus. In response, multiple echoes corresponding to the plurality of pulses may be received from the target. Data from each of the echoes can be assigned to a single line of k-space, and stored in memory of the apparatus. An image of the target, acceleration data and/or velocity data associated with a target can be generated as a function of the data. In one exemplary embodiment, the data from different echoes may be assigned to the same k-space line, and to different cardiac phases. In one further embodiment, parallel processing may be used to improve the resolution of the image acquired during a single breath-hold duration. In yet another embodiment, utilizing a segmented implementation, multiples lines of k-space are acquired for a given cardiac phase (or time stamp) per trigger signal. The present invention may be utilized for the heart or for any other anatomical organ or region of interest for the evaluation and study of flow dynamics with very high temporal resolution.

In a configuration according to a short-range radar of the present invention and a method of controlling the same, the timing at which a variable-period pulse output from a variable-period pulse generator including a direct digital synthesizer (DDS) has shifted in level first since reception of a search instruction is used as a reference timing, so that a signal that shifts in level at the reference timing or a fixed lapse of time later than the reference timing is generated and output as a transmission trigger signal, and a signal that shifts in level at a timing delayed by half a period of the variable-period pulse or its integral multiple from the timing at which the transmission trigger signal is output is generated and output as a reception trigger signal. With this, by varying beforehand frequency data of the DDS based on the relationship between the frequency data and delay time between transmission and reception stored in a memory, it is possible to vary delay time between the transmission trigger signal and the reception trigger signal. It is thus possible to arbitrarily vary the delay time between transmission and reception at a high time resolution by using a simple configuration and low power dissipation.

In video coding techniques, in order to improve a coding efficiency and reduce a computational complexity sharply by mixing a temporal scalability and a spatial scalability, a spatio-temporal hybrid scalable video coding method using subband decomposition in accordance with the present invention includes classifying an input picture sequence into a picture of a low frame frequency BL (base layer) and a picture of a high frame frequency EL (enhancement layer) by sampling the sequence according to a time axis; decomposing the pictures on the BL and the EL into four subbands (LL, LH, HL, HH), coding the low frequency element subband (LL) at the spatial scalability BL having a low spatial resolution and coding the rest subbands (LH, HL, HH) at the EL having a high spatial resolution; decoding coding data of the temporal scalability BL in order to get a picture having a low temporal resolution and decoding coding data of the temporal scalability BL and the temporal scalability EL together in order to get a picture having a high temporal resolution; and decoding the subband (LL) of the spatial scalability BL in order to get a picture having a low spatial resolution and decoding the low frequency element subband (LL) and the high frequency element subbands (LH, HL, HH) together in order to get a picture having a high spatial resolution.

Fast kV-switching is a dual energy acquisition technique in computed tomography (CT) in which alternating views correspond to the low and high tube voltages. Its high temporal resolution and its suitability to a variety of source trajectories make it an attractive option for dual energy data acquisition. Its disadvantages include a one-view misregistration between the data for high and low voltages, the potentially poor spectrum separation due to the more-like a sine wave rather than the desired square wave in fast kV-switching, and the higher noise in the low voltage data because of the technical difficulty in swinging the tube current to counter the loss of x-ray production efficiency and loss of penetration at lower tube voltages. Despite the disadvantages, symmetric view matching according to the current invention substantially improves streaks and other artifacts due to the view misregistration, sufficient spectrum separation even in a sinusoidal waveform swinging between 80 kV and 135 kV, and contrast-to-noise for the simulated imaging task maximized at monochromatic energy of 75 keV.

A digital dual-band detector functions as an imaging platform capable of extracting hard and soft tissue images, for example. The detector has a first detector system comprising a first scintillator for converting x-rays from a sample to an first optical signal, and a first detector for detecting the first optical signal in combination with a second detector system comprising a second scintillator for converting x-rays from the sample and passing through the first scintillator to a second optical signal, and a second detector for detecting the second optical signal. The detector can facilitate the implementation and deployment of recent developments and can permit low cost practical deployment in clinical applications as well as biomedical research applications where significant improvement in spatial resolution and image contrast is required. These improvements include an increase of feature detection sensitivity by more than an order of magnitude, simultaneous imaging of soft and hard (or mineralized) tissue at extremely high time resolution that is not limited by detector readout speed, and an increase in the signal to noise ratio of images by reducing the substantial background resulting from Compton scattering.

The invention discloses an atmospheric detection laser radar based on a superconducting single-photon detector. Optical pulse emitted by a laser pulse generation unit points to a detected atmosphere through a transmitting telescope and a laser scanning unit, background noise of an atmospheric echo signal is filtered out by an optical preprocessing unit, an optical processing unit extracts atmospheric information, a superconducting single-photon detection unit detects the atmospheric echo signal, a data acquisition card collects the signal, and finally, a subsequent data inversion and display unit inverts and displays atmospheric parameter information. The atmospheric detection laser radar of the invention is different from the existing atmospheric detection laser radar in that the atmospheric detection laser radar of the invention uses a superconducting single-photon detector with low dark count, high quantum efficiency, wide wavelength response and low time jitter as a detection unit. By using the superconducting single-photon detector, the atmospheric detection laser radar has the advantages of high spatial resolution, high temporal resolution, large detection distance, high detection precision, and the like.

For optimizing a chronological development of consumption of electric power by a group of different consumers with regard to a supply of electric power including electric power from at least one wind or solar power generator, characteristic time curves of the consumption of electric power are determined at a high temporal resolution. A prognosis is made of a chronological development of the supply of electric power from the at least one power generator for a future period of time, and a plan for apportioning electric power to the individual consumers within the future period of time is made based on the characteristic time curves of the consumption of electric power by the individual consumers, the prognosis, and user goal setting by a user of the consumers resulting in different weightings of consumption of electric power by different consumers and supply of electric power by different power sources.

A nuclear medicine diagnostic apparatus is provided that can improve time resolution and energy resolution and diagnosing accuracy by enhancing radiation detectors in terms of moisture-proofing and dust-proofing effects while efficiently cooling the radiation detectors. The apparatus has a first region A in which radiation detectors are to be accommodated, and a second region B in which signal processors are to be accommodated. These regions are provided inside a housing member 5 via an adiabatic member 7. The housing member 5 also has a ventilation port 8 formed to communicate with the first region A and equipped with an anti-dust filter. Ventilation holes 34 are formed to communicate with the first region B and serving as entrances for cooling air. Unit fans 33 serve as exits for the cooling air.

A laser crystallization apparatus, which enables an observation of a high spatial resolution with several μm and a high temporal resolution with several nanoseconds, comprising a crystallization optical system to irradiate a laser light to a thin film provided on a substrate and to melt and crystallize the thin film, the laser crystallization apparatus comprises an illumination light source disposed out of an optical path of the laser light and emitting an illumination light for observation to illuminate the thin film, an illumination optical system comprising an annular optical element which has the optical path of the laser light in the center and which leads the illumination light from the illumination light source to the thin film along the optical path, and an observation optical system which displays a magnified image of the substrate including the thin film.

A method of evaluating changes in contrast of an image using a diagnostic imaging system is provided. The method provides acquiring raw image data of an organ or tissue, calculating a baseline of data based on the raw image data acquired before arrival of an agent, and determining changes in a signal intensity of the agent based on changes in the raw image data compared to the baseline. The agent may be an imaging agent, a contrast agent, a biomedical agent, a needle, a catheter, a biomedical device, and the like.

The brain appears to have organized cardiac frequency angiographic phenomena with such coherence as to qualify as vascular pulse waves. Separate arterial and venous vascular pulse waves may be resolved. This disclosure states the method of extracting a spatiotemporal reconstruction of the cardiac frequency phenomena present in an angiogram obtained at faster than cardiac frequency. A wavelet transform is applied to each of the pixel-wise time signals of the angiogram. If there is motion alias then instead a high frequency resolution wavelet transform of the overall angiographic time intensity curve is cross-correlated to high temporal resolution wavelet transforms of the pixel-wise time signals. The result is filtered for cardiac wavelet scale then pixel-wise inverse wavelet transformed. This gives a complex-valued spatiotemporal grid of cardiac frequency angiographic phenomena. It may be rendered with a brightness-hue color model or subjected to further analysis.

When an X-ray CT apparatus including a two-dimensional X-ray area detector performs a conventional (axial) scan or a cine scan, a plurality of segments of projection data items detected synchronously with an external signal or a biomedical signal is sampled from projection data items acquired during one scan or a plurality of scans. Projection data items corresponding to those detected during a half scan of rotating an X-ray tube by an angle of 180° plus the angle of a fan beam falling on the detector or during a 360° full scan are used to reconstruct a three-dimensional image. Thus, a three-dimensional tomographic image enjoying a high temporal resolution is displayed. Moreover, successive three-dimensional display images showing states of a subject synchronized with respective phases of the external signal or biomedical signal may be displayed as a four-dimensional image.

A system and method are disclosed to acquire high temporal resolution free-breathing cardiac MR images. The technique includes monitoring heart rate of a patient just prior to image acquisition to acquire a time period of an R—R interval, and using this time period from the heart rate monitoring to prospectively estimate future R—R intervals. The acquisition of MR data can then commence at any point in an R—R interval and extend for the time period recorded. The data acquisition can be segmented and acquired in successive R—R intervals, then combined to create high temporal resolution images.

A highly sensitive trace gas sensor based on Cavity Ring-down Spectroscopy (CRDS) makes use of a high power, multi-mode Fabry-Perot (FP) semiconductor laser with a broad wavelength range to excite a large number of cavity modes and multiple molecular transitions, thereby reducing the detector's susceptibility to vibration and making it well suited for field deployment. The laser beam is aligned on-axis to the cavity, improving the signal-noise-ratio while maintaining its vibration insensitivity. The use of a FP semiconductor laser has the added advantages of being inexpensive, compact and insensitive to vibration. The technique is demonstrated using a laser with an output power of at least 200 mW, preferably over 1.0 Watt, (λ=400 nm) to measure low concentrations of Nitrogen Dioxide (NO₂) in zero air. For single-shot detection, 530 ppt sensitivity is demonstrated with a measurement time of 60 μs which allows for sensitive measurements with high temporal resolution.

An imaging system and use thereof for large-area monitoring with very high temporal resolution are provided. In one aspect, an imaging system includes a camera equipped with curved optics having a field of view of from about 0.01 miles to about 1.5 miles; and interchangeable light filters positioned in front of the camera configured to change one or more of an intensity and an amplitude of light captured by the imaging system. The curved optics may include a hemispherical mirror configured to reflect an image of objects in front of the mirror, and the camera may be positioned facing a reflective surface of the hemispherical mirror so as to capture the image reflected in the hemispherical mirror. Alternatively, the curved optics may include a fisheye lens mounted to the camera. An imaging network of the present imaging systems and a method for use thereof for thermal monitoring are also provided.