The invention discloses an electric bicycle control method based on a permanent magnet brushless direct current motor. According to the method, subdivided rotor position information is used for directly starting the motor, and the switching procedure from square wave starting to sine wave starting in a traditional control method is omitted. The electric bicycle control method relates to a rotor section calculation module, a speed calculation module, an angle subdivision module, a phasing adjustment module, a speed control module, a current-limiting control module, a waveform modulation module, a three-phase inverter and a motor starting module. By the adoption of the method, control efficiency and control performance are improved, and currents passing through a motor winding are in a sine wave mode when the motor operates; compared with a traditional square wave control method, torque pulsation is small, motor running noise is low, and the service life of the motor can be prolonged; compared with a traditional space vector control method, the algorithm is simple, implementation is easy, the requirement for a microprocessor is low, and high cost performance is achieved.