The invention discloses a calibration method of a fish-
eye lens imaging 
system applied to target detection, which comprises the step of mathematical modeling of the fish-
eye lens imaging 
system based on an 
equidistant projection and the precise calibrations of the intrinsic parameters of the imaging 
system (including the central point O3(u,v) of an imaging surface), the distance L between the top section of the fish-
eye lens and a theoretic refractive optical center plane, the radial 
distortion coefficient K of the fish-eye lens, an image element aspect scale factor i, the plane 
torsional angle gamma between a camera coordinate system and an imaging surface coordinate system, various parameter calibration methods and matched 
software. The method aims at the 
omnidirectional vision system based on the fish-eye lens, analyzes the optical structure and the imaging principle of the fish-eye lens and introduces deformation parameters so as to establish the 
physical model of the fish-eye lens imaging system and then deduce the 
mathematical model of the system. With an independently-developed calibration procedure, three-dimensional space information is obtained from a two-dimensional image and applied to the calibration of imaging 
system parameters. The method is applicable to the calibration of various fish-eye type panoramic lenses, is convenient and accurate and has strong practicability.