The invention discloses a target vulnerability analysis method, which comprises the following steps: analyzing the function and structure of the determined research target, establishing a three-dimensional digital model of the target, and providing a target structure tree; Based on the target analysis and structure tree, the damage grade is proposed, the vulnerable/non-vulnerable parts are identified, and the corresponding damage tree is established. According to the shape and structure characteristics of the target, the typical strike direction of the damage element to the target is judged, the appearance surface is determined, and the equivalent model of the target is established by the projection method. Through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation to obtain the damage data ofcomponents, combined with the damage element information, the vulnerability of the target under the condition of the damage element is obtained. The target vulnerability analysis method provided by the invention can obtain higher calculation efficiency under the condition of guaranteeing the target vulnerability calculation accuracy, and is suitable for the vulnerability analysis of the kinetic energy type damage element to vehicles, missiles, airplanes and other targets.