The invention provides a calibration method and calibration system for the amplitude phase error of a satellite-borne DBF (Digit Beam Forming) transmitting channel. The calibration method and the calibration system respectively comprise two levels of calibration schemes, and the two levels of calibration schemes are composed of output Butler front-end channel part amplitude phase calibration and output Butler rear-end channel part amplitude phase calibration. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, injecting a calibration signal after inputting the Butler, and coupling the calibration signal at a test port which transmits the Butler, thereby realizing the calibration of a frequency mixer and a power amplifier; and then, keeping the original calibration signal injection mode, and receiving the calibration signal through a far field, thereby realizing the calibration of a filter and a feed source array. Through the method and system provided by the invention, the measurement accuracy of the amplitude phase error is improved greatly, so that the method and the system can be used for effective loads of communication satellites, detection satellites and navigation satellites, and also can be used in the technical fields of ground radars and the like.