The invention discloses an industrial robot workpiece positioning grabbing method based on visual guidance. The method includes the following steps that 1, a system parametric model is established, and calibration of a camera is conducted; 2, a workpiece feature template is determined; 3, workpiece template living examples are sought for, and the positions of workpieces are determined according to coordinate information of the living examples; 4, the speed of a target workpiece is calculated; 5, the pose, in a robot basic coordinate system, of the workpiece is predicted when the workpiece is located at a station to be grabbed; 6, a robot moves according to a planned path to approach and grab the workpiece and place the workpiece at the position of a target point. The invention further discloses a system for implementing the industrial robot workpiece positioning grabbing method based on visual guidance in the patent claim 1. The system comprises a conveying belt, an optoelectronic switch, a camera, an industrial control computer, the robot and the target workpiece. The system has the advantages of being high in positioning accuracy, high in working efficiency, high in automation degree and the like.