205 results about "Photon detector" patented technology

The invention discloses a side slope displacement monitoring method and device based on quantum single photons and a medium, and belongs to the technical field of displacement monitoring. Rectangular light pulses are emitted periodically, echo detection is completed by using a single photon detector, a photon counting time sequence is constructed, wavelet denoising and reconstruction processing is performed on the photon counting time sequence, main peak position offset, energy change and form distortion are extracted to match multiple types of feature vectors, and feature fusion and resolving are performed through a multi-source feature fusion BP neural network. And finally outputting a high-precision slope displacement result. According to the method, the quantum single-photon detection technology is combined with the wavelet denoising and neural network fusion algorithm, noise interference is effectively suppressed, the displacement feature extraction precision is improved, and the method is suitable for high-precision and long-distance slope micro-deformation real-time monitoring.

The invention relates to the technical field of photon detection imaging, in particular to a deep learning-based crossed strip-shaped anode single-photon detector imaging method, which comprises the following steps of: enabling incident photons to enter a crossed strip-shaped anode single-photon detector to obtain charge signals on a crossed strip-shaped anode in the detector; sampling the charge signal; inputting the obtained sampling data into a trained decoding network model to obtain a predicted position of an incident photon; establishing an imaging matrix, mapping the obtained prediction position into the imaging matrix, and performing interval division on the mapped imaging matrix; and carrying out gray value mapping on the number of photons in the divided intervals to obtain an imaging result. According to the invention, the neural network model is introduced to carry out computational imaging, so that the imaging quality of the cross strip-shaped anode single-photon detector is improved.

The invention provides a single-photon detector gating signal generation system and generation method. The system comprises a bias voltage source; the gating circuit is provided with a first sine branch and a second sine branch, the first sine branch is configured to output a first sine voltage signal, and the second sine branch is configured to output a second sine voltage signal; the frequency of the first sinusoidal voltage signal is greater than that of the second sinusoidal voltage signal; the second sinusoidal voltage signal, the first sinusoidal voltage signal and the bias voltage signal are matched to generate a gating signal acting on the avalanche photodiode; based on the period of the first sinusoidal voltage signal, the gating signal has an amplitude greater than a preset value in a continuous first number of periods, and the gating signal does not have an amplitude greater than the preset value in a subsequent continuous second number of periods. The generated gating signal can accelerate the carrier removal process from the physical mechanism level, the post-pulse probability is suppressed, the required dead time is effectively shortened, and the data rate of the detector is further improved.

The present invention relates to an improved system and method for imaging, based on single photon detectors (SPDs), whereby false positives are suppressed.

Embodiments of the present application provide a detector device including a photon detector and a multilayer reflector. The photon detector includes a substrate, an isolation structure in a first side of the substrate, a guard ring adjacent to the isolation structure and in the first side of the substrate, a sensor node in the first side of the substrate, the guard ring between the sensor node and the isolation structure, a shared node in the first side of the substrate, the shared node between the guard ring and the isolation structure, an isolation extension structure in a second side of the substrate opposite the first side, the isolation extension structure extending from the second side to the isolation structure. The multilayer reflector is on the first side of the substrate. Using the multilayer reflector can improve collection of photons in an avalanche region.

This invention discloses a method for fabricating a highly sensitive long-wavelength infrared superconducting single-photon detector. It fully utilizes and amplifies the acoustic mismatch effect between the superconducting thin film and the substrate to achieve phonon localization enhancement on the superconducting nanowires. The effect of this innovative design is to increase the energy utilization rate of long-wavelength infrared photons on the superconducting nanowires, thereby improving the response sensitivity of the superconducting nanowires to long-wavelength infrared photon signals. Compared to existing designs that reduce the cross-sectional size of the superconducting nanowires, create holes beneath the nanowires, or increase the buffer layer, this invention is easier to implement and has higher scalability.

The application discloses an underwater wireless optical communication device based on a single photon detector, which comprises a first single photon communication device and a second single photon communication device for bidirectional communication, and each of the first single photon communication device and the second single photon communication device comprises a laser emission unit, a signal receiving unit, a signal comprehensive processing unit and a power module; the laser emission unit loads a received modulated electric signal into an optical signal and outputs the optical signal, and simultaneously emits auxiliary alignment laser for communication device alignment; the signal receiving unit converts the received optical signal into an electric signal through a single photon detector and transmits the electric signal to the outside, and simultaneously, the signal receiving unit receives auxiliary alignment laser to complete communication device alignment; the signal comprehensive processing unit converts communication information of a host computer into a modulated electric signal after receiving the communication information, transmits the modulated electric signal to the laser emission unit, demodulates and restores the electric signal transmitted by the signal receiving unit into communication information, and then transmits the communication information to the host computer. The application can improve underwater communication distance and meet the requirements of long-distance wireless optical communication in different water quality environments.

Array single photon detection and two-dimensional camera common path fusion device and pixel matching method belong to the field of optical precision measurement. The array single photon detection and two-dimensional camera common path fusion device comprises a signal generator, a laser, an emitting optical system, a receiving optical system, a dichroic mirror, a two-dimensional camera, an array single photon detector, an array single photon counter and a data acquisition and processing fusion module. The method of the present application is as follows: the array single photon detection waveband pulsed laser and the two-dimensional camera sensing waveband ambient light returned by the target object are separated by using a common receiving optical path and a dichroic mirror to determine the pixel size and the number of the array single photon detector and the two-dimensional camera; the transmission light offset d is calculated according to the thickness of the dichroic mirror; the transmission light offset d is used as a correction factor to realize the pixel matching of the array single photon detection three-dimensional imaging and the two-dimensional camera image; the array single photon detection three-dimensional image and the two-dimensional camera image are superimposed, and the high resolution of the two-dimensional image is used to enrich the three-dimensional point cloud imaging information.

This application provides an optical fiber sensing system, its calibration method, and a storage medium, relating to the field of optical fiber sensing technology, to improve the dynamic range of the optical fiber sensing system. The optical fiber sensing system includes a signal generator, an optical fiber circulator, a reference optical fiber, a single-photon detector, a processor, and a sensing optical fiber. The signal generator, reference optical fiber, and single-photon detector are respectively connected to the optical fiber circulator. The sensing optical fiber is connected to the reference optical fiber. The single-photon detector is used to acquire a first reference measurement signal and a second reference measurement signal. The first reference measurement signal has attenuation compared to the second reference measurement signal. The processor is used to determine a dead time based on the first reference measurement signal, the second reference measurement signal, and the attenuation coefficient corresponding to the attenuation. The single-photon detector is also used to acquire sensing measurement signals. The processor is also used to calibrate the sensing measurement signals based on the dead time. This optical fiber sensing system is used to detect the state of a target.

Systems and methods include generation of a first image volume based on electrical signals output by energy-integrating photon detectors, input of the first image volume to a network trained to generate a simulated photon-counting CT image from an energy-integrating CT image, reception of a first simulated photon-counting CT image generated by the network in response to the input first image volume, and presentation of the first simulated photon-counting CT image on the display.

The application discloses a single-photon source anti-bunching measurement device and method, relates to the technical field of single-photon detection, and comprises a single-photon source module, a signal trigger light path module, an interference light path module, a single-photon detector module and a coincidence counting module. The single-photon detector module comprises a first gated single-photon detector, a second gated single-photon detector, a first single-photon detector and a second single-photon detector, and can realize accurate measurement of the anti-bunching value of a deterministic single-photon source and a heralded single-photon source.

A single Geiger avalanche photodiode pixel interconnected with a readout circuit is decomposed to form M * M parallel pixel structures, the M * M parallel pixel structures are connected to a single pixel input stage of the readout circuit, and the time complementation relation between pixel avalanche events is utilized to enlarge the pixel avalanche events. The detection probability of the array single-photon detector pixel is improved, the photon detection dynamic range is expanded, the upper limit of the pixel photon saturation counting rate of the array single-photon detector can be remarkably improved, and the method is applied to the fields of high-dynamic-range laser three-dimensional imaging, space laser communication and the like.

This invention provides a real-time ranging and positioning system and method based on an extended light source and a fast coincidence measurement algorithm. The real-time ranging system includes: an entangled light source, a first single-photon detector, a time-to-digital converter, a coincidence measurement module, a quantum transceiver module, and a corner mirror. The coincidence measurement module performs real-time coincidence measurement using a fast coincidence measurement algorithm based on the arrival time sequence of the signal beam and the arrival time sequence of the reference beam, obtaining the time difference corresponding to the peak position of the coincidence measurement curve. The distance between the target point and the real-time ranging system is then obtained based on this time difference. Furthermore, this invention splits the signal beam emitted by the light source into multiple signal sub-beams to form an extended light source, effectively reducing the cost of the measurement device while still satisfying quantum positioning measurement requirements.

This invention proposes a multi-target detection method based on entangled photons. First, a pump light is generated using a continuous narrow-linewidth semiconductor laser, which, after polarization modulation and focusing, illuminates a PPKTP crystal. A spontaneous parametric down-conversion process generates polarization-entangled photon pairs, which are then separated into signal and reference light. These are received by a single-photon detector to obtain two time series. Second, coincidence measurements are performed on the time series in different scanning directions within the observation area to obtain a coincidence count matrix. Then, a two-dimensional constant false alarm rate (CFAR) detection algorithm is introduced, using ordered statistics to estimate background noise and adaptively adjust the detection threshold to screen candidate target points. Third, a density clustering algorithm based on correlation strength weighting is employed, combining the correlation strength and spatial distribution of entangled photon pairs to detect different targets and suppress isolated noise. Finally, the coincidence count peak points within each target cluster are selected as the final detection targets, thereby achieving multi-target detection with unknown numbers and randomly distributed locations.

The application discloses a kind of missing carton detection and rejection systems on carton lifting conveying mechanism, and relates to the technical field of carton cigarette quality detection.It includes photon detector, push-out mechanism, push-out mechanism is arranged at one side of carton lifting conveying mechanism, and the other side of carton lifting conveying mechanism is provided with rejection outlet, and collection transfer mechanism is also provided at rejection outlet;Push-out mechanism includes gas storage tank, gas outlet nozzle arranged towards rejection outlet, and solenoid valve on the connecting pipeline between gas outlet nozzle and gas storage tank.The missing carton detection and rejection system of the present application on carton lifting conveying mechanism is to achieve the purpose of automatically and quickly detecting missing carton and automatically and quickly rejecting missing carton under the premise of ensuring carton conveying efficiency.

This invention relates to a photoelectric conversion and beam combining device for multiple-channel reception of the same echo optical signal in lidar. The device includes: a sealed box, a single-photon detector, and multiple echo signal receiving lines. The multiple echo signal receiving lines receive the same echo optical signal, process the echo signal, and then transmit the processed optical signal to the single-photon detector. All echo signal lines are housed in the sealed box. Each echo signal receiving line includes: an echo signal fiber, a collimating and focusing lens group, and a narrowband filter. The echo signal fiber receives the echo optical signal. The collimating and focusing lens group includes a collimating lens and a focusing lens. The collimating lens shapes the optical signal into parallel light. The focusing lens focuses the parallel light. The narrowband filter filters out stray light and atmospheric background light from the optical signal. This invention simplifies the optical receiving system components of lidar, reduces system cost, and minimizes signal errors.

The invention relates to a node of a network, wherein the node comprises a monolithically integrated entropy source comprising: a photon source designed to emit photons, wherein the photon source comprises a first housing, wherein the first housing is formed by a first bottom face, a first top face and at least one first side face interconnecting the first bottom face and the first top face; and a photon detector designed to detect photons emitted by the photon source, wherein the first bottom face of the photon source is arranged towards the photon detector.

This invention discloses an integrated quantum key distribution device and method, which serves as both a transmitter and a receiver. As a transmitter, an optical injection locking device generates a group of optical pulses, which, after passing through an optical attenuator, are input to an unequal-arm Mach-Zehnder interferometer to obtain the quantum states of the corresponding basis vectors, and then input to a quantum channel. As a receiver, quantum states are received from the quantum channel. For Z-based quantum states, the output is sent to a third single-photon detector for decoding after passing through an optical beamsplitter; for X-based or Y-based quantum states, the output is sent to the unequal-arm Mach-Zehnder interferometer after passing through an optical beamsplitter, and then to a first and second single-photon detector for decoding. This invention eliminates the need for external modulation, enabling quantum state preparation and measurement within a single device using only one interferometer. This reduces the complexity of the quantum key distribution system, improves its compactness, and facilitates practical application.

A quantum key distribution device comprises an input signal path receiving a plurality of optical input signals from a transmitter device, an output signal path connected to the input signal path at a first end and emitting a plurality of first optical output signals at a second end, and a detector signal path connected to the input signal path at a third end and comprising a photon detector device at a fourth end opposite to the third end. The photon detector detects optical input signals from the transmitter device, and the quantum key distribution device establishes a shared quantum cryptographic key with the transmitter device based on the detected optical input signals. The input signal path forms an input path of a Mach-Zehnder interferometer, and the output signal path and the detector signal path form output paths of the Mach-Zehnder interferometer.

The invention belongs to the technical field of photon detection, and particularly relates to a frequency up-conversion THz wave-based multi-photon detection system and method, and the system comprises a pump light source unit, a beam combiner, a nonlinear crystal, a light splitting unit, a space photon counting detector, a light shaping device, and a controller. According to the technology, THz up-conversion signals are converted from single time domain detection to time and space domain coincidence detection, meanwhile, by means of the spatial resolving power of the multi-photon detector, when time-synchronous fluorescence is achieved, the technology can be combined with the space light gate technology to execute detection in a light gate where the signals are expected to arrive, and therefore fluorescence components are restrained. Finally, effective detection of THz up-conversion signals with spontaneous parametric up-conversion fluorescence can be realized.

A method of manufacturing single-photon detector includes forming a first electrode on a front side of a substrate, removing the substrate and preforming ion implantation on a backside of an epitaxial layer to form a contact region for a second electrode, which extends from the surface of the epitaxial layer to a first predetermined depth within the epitaxial layer. The second electrode is be electrically connected to the contact region for the second electrode. Since the substrate is removed, the epitaxial layer, which is provided as a semiconductor layer, has a uniform thickness. The contact region for the second electrode has a uniform thickness, and its dopant concentration is easy to control and adjust. Thus, the second electrode can be formed so as to have uniform contact resistance across its different regions.

A computing system can be configured for low-photon-count visual object classification. The computing system can include a photon detection system including one or more cells. Each of the one or more cells can include one or more photon detectors. Each of the one or more photon detectors can be configured to output photon signatures in response to a photon being incident on the one or more photon detectors. The computing system can include one or more processors and one or more memory devices storing computer-readable data. The data can include a low-photon-count classification model and one or more instructions that, when implemented, cause the one or more processors to perform operations for low-photon-count visual object recognition. The operations can include obtaining a photon signature from a photon detection system. The operations can include providing the photon signature to a low-photon-count classification model. The operations can include determining, by the low-photon-count classification model, a classification of a visual object disposed in view of the photon detection system based at least in part on the photon signature. The operations can include providing the classification as output of the low-photon-count classification model.

The application discloses a wave-particle duality demonstration teaching device, and relates to the technical field of wave-particle duality demonstration teaching, which comprises a wave-particle duality device and an upper computer software operating system, wherein the wave-particle duality device comprises a single-photon source system, a combined prism system, a photon collection system and an electronic control system; the combined prism system comprises a first prism, a second prism and a light shield; the first prism and the second prism make the second polarized light output by the single-photon source system carry out Mach-Zehnder interference under the set adjustment angle of the light shield, and an interference light path is obtained; the electronic control system is used for counting the photons detected by a single-photon detector; and the upper computer software operating system displays the detection result. The wave-particle duality can be directly demonstrated through the wave-particle duality device and the upper computer software operating system, and the change of the photons can be observed only by adjusting the light shield, so that the operation is convenient.

Disclosed herein is a photon detector assembly for a medical imaging device. The photon detector assembly for the medical imaging device includes a conversion material to convert X-ray radiation into electric charges; anodes and a cathode arranged on opposite sides of the conversion material; and a support opposite to the cathode. A gap exists between the support and the cathode; an illumination device on the support facing the cathode.

This invention relates to an integrated quantum random number generator (iQRNG), particularly a photonic QRNG monolithically constructed in a shared semiconductor substrate within the same material system in a scalable and fully integrated manner. It comprises a photon source and a detector for single photons directly coupled to the source, implemented in a particularly compact and attack-resistant manner on a semiconductor-structured technology platform open for a wide range of applications. The subject of this invention is an integrated quantum random number generator iQRNG (200) comprising a photon source (120) and a single-photon detector (130), wherein the photon source (120) and the single-photon detector (130) are arranged vertically overlapping each other in a shared substrate (110) made of semiconductor material. Furthermore, this invention also relates to an integrated electronic circuit (500) comprising at least one iQRNG (200) according to the invention.

The invention relates to a contact state sensor for a plug connector, comprising a monolithically integrated entropy source comprising: a photon source designed to emit photons, the photon source comprising a first housing, the first shell is formed by a first bottom surface, a first top surface and at least one first side surface connecting the first bottom surface and the first top surface; and a photon detector designed to detect photons emitted by the photon source, the first bottom surface of the photon source being arranged towards the photon detector.

The invention discloses a metal intercalation boron-carbon superconducting material GeB2C2 under normal pressure and a preparation method of the metal intercalation boron-carbon superconducting material GeB2C2. The material has a two-dimensional Kagome lattice structure, the space group is P6 / mmm (No.191), the lattice constants are a = b = 2.732, and c = 16.784. Through calculation and prediction of a first principle, the material has a superconducting transition temperature of about 48 K under a normal pressure (0 GPa) condition, and is dynamically stable. The superconducting mechanism is derived from a strong electroacoustic coupling effect, and the coupling constant lambda is about 1.64. The material is composed of Ge, B and C elements rich in earth crust, the raw materials are easy to obtain, the cost is low, and the large-scale preparation potential is achieved. Compared with a traditional normal-pressure superconducting material, the material disclosed by the invention has a relatively high superconducting transition temperature; compared with a high-voltage superconductor, a high-voltage environment is not needed, and the preparation and application threshold is remarkably reduced. The material can be applied to the fields of high-performance superconducting filters, superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors, small superconducting magnets and the like, and has important scientific research values and good practical application prospects.

The invention belongs to the field of quantum information, and discloses a superconducting single-photon detection system, which adopts a parallel vertical compact integrated layout, and comprises a superconducting single-photon detector array arranged in a stable low-temperature area in a low-temperature thermostat; the low-temperature thermostat is used for providing and maintaining a vacuum and low-temperature environment required by the working of the superconducting single-photon detector array; the refrigerating machine compressor unit is coupled with the cryostat through a cold head and used for providing cooling capacity; the electric control module is connected with the superconducting single-photon detector array and the refrigerating machine compressor unit and is used for providing bias, signal processing and state monitoring; wherein the superconducting single-photon detector array, the cryostat, the refrigerator compressor unit and the electric control module are compactly integrated in the vertical direction. By means of the highly integrated and miniaturized system layout, the total height of the system does not exceed 0.5 m, the installation specification of the 11U standard is met, and therefore the problems that a traditional system is large in size and difficult to deploy are solved.

The application provides an avalanche signal discrimination device, method and quantum communication system for a single photon detector, and relates to the technical fields of single photon detection and quantum communication. The avalanche signal discrimination device comprises a coupler for dividing a mixed signal output by a single photon detector into a first path signal and a second path signal; a first signal processing branch comprising a post-processing circuit for processing the first path signal to obtain a target signal retaining an avalanche signal; a second signal processing branch comprising a band-pass filter for screening a gating signal from the second path signal; an amplifier for amplifying the gating signal to obtain a discrimination signal adapted to the target signal; and a discriminator for discriminating the avalanche signal by comparing the discrimination signal with the target signal. The application uses the gating signal after the division by the coupler as a discrimination reference, and the discrimination signal synchronously follows the changes, without the need for manual recalibration of the threshold value, thereby solving the dilemma of the traditional fixed threshold method and having strong adaptability.

The invention provides a large-range gas measuring device and method based on single-photon optical scanning. The large-range gas measuring device comprises a three-dimensional scanning holder, wherein a single-photon laser emitting unit and a single-photon detecting and counting unit are borne on the three-dimensional scanning holder; the three-dimensional scanning holder is used for adjusting the orientation of the single-photon laser emission unit and the single-photon detection counting unit pointing to the gas to be detected; the single-photon laser emission unit comprises a tunable wavelength laser module, a laser power amplifier module and an optical beam expanding collimation module; the single-photon detection and counting unit comprises a reflected light receiving telescope module, a narrow-band filter module, a single-photon detector and a single-photon counter; the central control processing unit comprises a control subunit, a data acquisition subunit and a data processing subunit and is used for controlling and receiving gas single photon detection data in a preset direction. The device has the advantages of low detection limit, strong anti-interference capability, high spatial resolution and the like, and is suitable for leakage detection of extremely low-concentration gas and large-range environment monitoring.