966 results about "Pulse time" patented technology

A thin film is formed by alternating multiple times, respectively, a process of adsorbing a precursor onto a substrate and a process of treating the adsorbed surface using a reactant gas and a plasma, wherein the reactant gas is supplied substantially uniformly over the substrate, and the plasma is pulse-time-modulated and applied in the process of supplying the reactant gas.

A laser scanning microscope produces molecular excitation in a target material by simultaneous absorption of three or more photons to thereby provide intrinsic three-dimensional resolution. Fluorophores having single photon absorption in the short (ultraviolet or visible) wavelength range are excited by a beam of strongly focused subpicosecond pulses of laser light of relatively long (red or infrared) wavelength range. The fluorophores absorb at about one third, one fourth or even smaller fraction of the laser wavelength to produce fluorescent images of living cells and other microscopic objects. The fluorescent emission from the fluorophores increases cubicly, quarticly or even higher power law with the excitation intensity so that by focusing the laser light, fluorescence as well as photobleaching are confined to the vicinity of the focal plane. This feature provides depth of field resolution comparable to that produced by confocal laser scanning microscopes, and in addition reduces photobleaching and phototoxicity. Scanning of the laser beam by a laser scanning microscope, allows construction of images by collecting multi-photon excited fluorescence from each point in the scanned object while still satisfying the requirement for very high excitation intensity obtained by focusing the laser beam and by pulse time compressing the beam. The focused pulses also provide three-dimensional spatially resolved photochemistry which is particularly useful in photolytic release of caged effector molecules, marking a recording medium or in laser ablation or microsurgery. This invention refers explicitly to extensions of two-photon excitation where more than two photons are absorbed per excitation in this nonlinear microscopy.

In a non-volatile memory, a programming cycle consists of the following phases: high voltage charging up, programming pulse, and discharge. The actual programming process only takes place in the programming pulse phase. Several break points are defined relative to elapsed time and introduced in the programming pulse phase. Upon receiving a suspend request, the programming operation will advance to the next break point, then discharge the high programming voltage and go to a suspend state. A separate counter is used to monitor the break points so that elapsed non-programming time can be deducted from the total programming pulse time when the programming operation is resumed. By doing so, the device can handle frequent suspend and resume requests. Since the total time duration in the programming pulse phase is equal for the programming operation with and without suspend and resume requests, the programming proceeds efficiently to completion.

The main circuit of each stage of the high-reliability shift register circuit is composed of transistors, and the turn-on time for the four transistors are only 1˜2 pulse time within one frame time. Transistors construct an inverter circuit which continuously offers a high-level supply voltage that controls activities of transistors so as to continuously offer a low-level supply voltage to the first node and the output terminal such that avoids the first node and the output terminal being in a floating state. Besides, one of the transistor acts as a charging circuit that extends the lifetime of another transistor. This circuit avoids the affection on the behavior of the shift register circuit that is caused by an a-Si (amorphous silicon) TFT under a sustained stress.

Methods of improving the uniformity and adhesion of low resistivity tungsten films are provided. Low resistivity tungsten films are formed by exposing the tungsten nucleation layer to a reducing agent in a series of pulses before depositing the tungsten bulk layer. According to various embodiments, the methods involve reducing agent pulses with different flow rates, different pulse times and different interval times.

The invention discloses a laser three-dimensional imaging device based on a single-photon detector, belonging to the technical field of photoelectric instruments. A target to be detected is irradiated by the laser pulse emitted by a pulsed laser via a scanning system; the returning photons are received by a receiving / emitting co-axial optical system, i.e., the returning photons are received by a double-gating single-photon detecting module via a spectral filter and a spatial filter and an arriving pulse is outputted, so that the photon flight time of the target measuring point can be measured by combining the laser emission detection and the multi-photon arriving pulse time; and a data processing unit is used for carrying out the coordinate conversion based on the position and attitude data, scanning mirror targeting data, and photon flight time of the three-dimensional imaging device, de-noising and three-dimensional image construction and correction, so as to output the reliable target three-dimensional range image. The invention solves the problems that the existing laser three-dimensional imaging device is incapable of penetrating vegetation and camouflage and being miniaturized when conducting long-distance operations.

Methods and apparatus for controlling switching in a DC-to-AC inverter to prevent overvoltages applied to an AC motor by determining the switching order of the phase voltage signals, providing gating signals at switching intervals by modulating a carrier wave with the phase voltage signals, comparing the switching intervals to a predetermined minimum time interval sufficient for reflected wave transients to dissipate, and adjusting the switching intervals to be at least equal to the predetermined minimum time interval.

Methods and systems are disclosed for determining the timing of stimulation applied using a medical device. In embodiments, the medical device filters a received signal to obtain a plurality of band-pass filtered signals, each corresponding to one or more stimulation channels. The medical device then determines the envelopes of these band-pass filtered signals. Next, the medical device determines the stimulation timing (i.e., the pulse times) for the corresponding stimulation channel based on the timing of a particular phase (e.g., a peak, a minimum, etc.) of the envelope. A pulse amplitude for the stimulation channel may then be determined, and stimulation applied using the determined amplitude and pulse time.

The invention relates to a method for the taking of a large number of distance images comprising distance picture elements, wherein electromagnetic radiation is transmitted in each case in the form of transmission pulses using a plurality of transmitters arranged in an array for each distance image to be taken and reflected echo pulses are detected using a plurality of receivers arranged in an array, with the respective distances of objects at which the transmission pulses are reflected and forming a distance picture element being measured by determining the pulse time of flight, wherein a plurality of individual measurements are carried out using a time measuring device connected after the receiver array for each distance image to be taken, in which individual measurements a respective pulse chain is processed which includes a logical start pulse derived from the respective transmission pulse and at least one logical receiver pulse formed from an echo pulse or a noise pulse, wherein the logical receiver pulses are each generated by means of at least one reference of the receiver, the reference being broken through by the underlying echo pulses or noise pulses, with an exceeding of the reference forming the positive flank of the receiver pulse defining an up event and a falling below of the reference forming the negative flank of the receiver pulse defining a down event, wherein, for each distance image to be taken, the associated pulse chains are formed in that the start pulses and the associated receiver pulses are each combined at the right time, the pulse chains formed in this manner are distributed over an array of time measuring channels formed by the time measuring device in accordance with a pre-settable measurement procedure, and, for each time measuring channel, the time durations are determined which, in each case with reference to a point in time before the start pulse, pass until a receiver pulse in that, for each up event and / or for each down event, at least the respective clock pulses are counted which are made available by a central clock at a known frequency, and the counter results are stored as an event list in an arrangement taking account of their respective time information, and wherein the stored event lists of all time measuring channels are read out and evaluated in order to convert the respective time information contained in the event lists into distance values corresponding to the distance picture elements.

A method for detecting a vehicle comprising: providing a multi-channel scannerless full-waveform lidar system operating in pulsed Time-Of-Flight operation oriented towards a surface of the roadway to cover the detection zone; providing at least one initialization parameter; emitting pulses at an emission frequency; receiving reflections of the pulses from the detection zone; and acquiring and digitalizing a series of individual complete traces at each channel of system; identifying at least one detection in at least one of the traces; obtaining a height and an intensity for the detection; determining a nature of the detection to be one of an environmental particle detection, a candidate object detection and a roadway surface detection; if the nature of the detection is the candidate object detection, detecting a presence of a vehicle in the detection zone.

A method for determining the position of an underwater device includes placement of a plurality of station keeping devices on or below the surface of the water in known positions. A device to locate is provided for placement below the surface of the water, and the device to locate and the station keeping devices are provided with a synchronized time base and a common acoustic pulse time schedule. Each station keeping device sends an acoustic pulse at a time according to the common acoustic pulse schedule. The device to locate receives pulses sent by the station keeping devices and calculates a distance between itself and each station keeping device based upon the time that the acoustic pulse is sent and the time that the pulse is received. The device to locate then calculates its position based upon the distances between the device to locate and the station keeping devices. Systems and devices are also disclosed.

The invention discloses a method for intelligently controlling multimedia playing, which is characterized in that: an earphone is provided with a pulse-detecting sensor, which generates a signal every time one pulse is detected and then transmits the signal to a mobile terminal; and an option for a sleep mode is set at the mobile terminal, when the sleep mode is selected, the mobile terminal acquires real-time heart rate of the user based on the pulse times detected by the sensor within unit time and controls own multimedia playing after determining that the user falls asleep according to the change of the heart rates prior to and subsequent to the sleep of the user. The invention simultaneously discloses a system and an earphone for intelligently controlling multimedia playing; according to the proposal of the invention, multimedia playing can be precisely and intelligently stopped once the user falls asleep, thus the harm of the multimedia playing earphone to human ears during sleep is reduced, the sleeping quality of the user is enhanced, the standby time of the mobile terminal is prolonged, and simultaneously, health information can also be provided for the user in real-time.

An electronic method for distance measurement based on pulsed laser time-of-flight is provided. The method comprises generating a wave of outgoing radiant energy pulses having a substantially stable period for providing a wave of pulses reflected from a target object and then measuring reflected energy from the pulse wave over a scanning time window. The scanning time window is shorter than the laser pulse time-of-flight to and from the measurement target. An offset between outgoing pulses and the scanning window is adjusted to capture reflected pulses at desired positions within the scanning window for selected conditions including when the outgoing wave is reflected from a reference surface and when the outgoing wave is reflected from the distance target. Distance is then calculated according to the offset and reflected energy data recorded for the selected conditions.

A detector system adapted for monitoring a radiation treatment system comprising a pulsed beam radiation source for treating a body with a given beam intensity and beam configuration, with pulse times and intervals between pulses less than 100 milliseconds, using at least one monitoring radiation source located inside or outside the body, the detector system comprising; a) a detector designed to detect radiation from the monitoring source, and subject to interference radiation from the beam source; and b) control circuitry that creates a data record of radiation received by the detector, to provide information about the body; wherein, when the detector detects radiation in real time during operation of the beam, the data record selectively excludes data for radiation received by the detector during the pulses, as opposed to data for radiation received by the detector between pulses.

A system and method for navigation utilizes sources of modulated celestial radiation. A spacecraft, satellite, or other vehicle (12) has one or more modulated radiation sensors (22a-22x) mounted thereto for detecting a modulated signal (14) generated by one or more pulsars or other celestial objects (16). A timer (24) measures the pulse time of arrival at a respective pulse sensor (22a-22x) by comparing the pulse signal (14) with a known pulse profile, and a processor (30) calculates a timing difference between the measured pulse time of arrival at sensor (22a-22x) with a calculated pulse time of arrival at a selected reference point (100). The positions and pulse profile characteristics of the pulsars (16) are stored in a digital memory (34) and combining the calculated time difference with the known positions of pulsars (16), the navigational parameters, such as position, velocity, and attitude, for spacecraft (12) with respect to the selected localized reference point (100) can be calculated.

The invention discloses a hardware impulse neural network system, comprising: an input node layer and an unsupervised learning layer are connected through a synaptic connection unit in a neuron full connection mode; the unsupervised learning layer and the supervised learning layer are connected through another synaptic connection unit in a neuron full connection mode; the input node layer and theunsupervised learning layer are connected through a synaptic connection unit in a synaptic connection mode. The input node layer realizes the information input under different coding modes, the non-supervisory learning layer adopts the non-supervisory learning mode, and the supervisory learning layer adopts the supervisory learning mode. A synaptic connection unit is realized by an electronic synaptic device, so that that synaptic connection unit has a pulse time dependent plasticity STDP. The synaptic array unit receives as presynaptic pulses the stimulation signals from the neurons in the front layer and the postsynaptic pulses the action potential pulses excited by the neurons in the back layer. The time difference between the presynaptic pulses and the postsynaptic pulses determines the synaptic weight adjustment amount of the synaptic connection unit. The neural network system provided by the invention has a wide application value.

A system and method for navigation utilizing sources of pulsed celestial radiation are provided. A spacecraft, satellite, or other vehicle (12) has a pulse sensor (22) mounted thereto for detecting signal pulses (14) generated by a plurality of pulsars or other celestial objects (16). The detected signal pulses (14) are synchronously averaged at the known period of the pulsar or other celestial object (16) with respect to a timer (24). Timer (24) measures the pulse time of arrival at the pulse sensor (22) by comparing the pulse signal (14) with a pulse shape template (52), and a processing means (30) calculates the offset time between the measured pulse time of arrival at sensor (22) with a calculated pulse time of arrival at the solar system barycenter (SSBC). The positions and pulse profile characteristics of the pulsars (16) are stored in a digital memory (34) and combining the calculated time offset with the known positions of pulsars (16), the navigational position, velocity, attitude and time of spacecraft (12) with respect to the SSBC can be calculated.

The invention discloses a fatigue driving state detecting system and method based on decision-making level data integration. The fatigue driving state detecting system firstly uses an acceleration sensor to acquire motion acceleration of a steering wheel, judges motion states of the steering wheel based on dynamic acceleration threshold values, and primarily judges fatigue driving states of a driver based on 4s immobility theory. Detecting error tolerance is improved by setting errors of the steering wheel turning from left to right. Pulse time domain values of the driver can be acquired via a pulse sensor, and physiological states of the driver can be detected based on dynamic pulse threshold values. Integrated detecting results can be obtained by integrating two kinds of detecting results in decision making level. By the fatigue driving state detecting method based on decision-making level data integration, a fatigue driving state detecting prototype system is constructed. Compared with existing methods, the fatigue driving state detecting method based on decision-making level data integration has certain advantages in detection accuracy and perfect performance in response time, time complexity, memory occupation and the like of algorithms.

The invention discloses an artificial synaptic device based on a photoelectric coupling memristor and a modulation method of the artificial synaptic device. The artificial synaptic device comprises an upper electrode, a lower electrode and a functional material layer, wherein the functional material layer is arranged between the upper electrode and the lower electrode, the upper electrode, the functional material layer and the lower electrode jointly form a sandwich structure, the functional material layer is made of a material having a photoelectric effect, the lower electrode is a transparent conductive electrode, an electrical signal is input through the upper electrode and the lower electrode, and an optical signal is input through the transparent conductive electrode. In the artificial synaptic device provided by the invention, light is introduced as a control signal of the other end except the electrical signal, two control ends of the artificial synapse device are expanded to three ends, the artificial synaptic device can generate resistance change under an external optical excitation signal by the additionally-arranged end, the artificial synaptic device can be configured to be in a plurality of resistance states correspondingly by selection and control of intensity, frequency and optical pulse time of the optical excitation signal, and various synaptic plasticity functions are correspondingly achieved.

A method and apparatus provide for non-contact optical measurement of the level of a fluid stored in a tank or container, the surface of the fluid being possibly agitated. The method processes numerically the digitized signal waveforms generated by a lidar apparatus based on a pulsed time-of-flight modulation scheme. A key step of the numerical processing is the computation of a waveform in which each data point is obtained from a statistical estimator of the variability of the amplitude signal echo measured at the distance from the lidar apparatus that corresponds to the rank of the data point in the waveform. The statistical estimator is preferably the standard deviation. By using a statistical estimator of the variability of the captured signal amplitude, the specific signal echo returned from an agitated fluid surface can be greatly amplified as compared to the signal echoes returned from any obstacle or medium that could be present along the path of the optical beam radiated by the lidar apparatus. The method then allows for an efficient retrieval of the useful signal echo from which the level of the fluid surface can be reliably measured with greater accuracy, particularly in situations where the useful signal echo would be buried in a strong signal echo returned from any optically scattering or absorbing medium that would fill in the volume of the tank above the fluid surface.

Time-correlation methods for determining pulse characteristics from a modelocked ultrafast laser include a cross-correlation method and an auto-correlation method. In the cross-correlation method, pulses from the laser and pulses from another modelocked laser are incident on a two-photon detector that responds when the pulses overlap in time. The lasers are synchronized to the same frequency and the phase difference between pulses from the two lasers is varied to vary the temporal pulse overlap while recording the detector response. Pulse characteristics are determined from recorded data representing the detector response as a function of phase difference. In the auto-correlation method, pulses from one laser are divided into two components. One component follows a fixed delay path before being temporally overlapped at the detector with another component that has not been delayed. The temporal overlap is varied by varying the pulse repetition frequency. Pulse characteristics are determined from recorded data representing the detector response as a function of phase difference.

The invention discloses a bidirectional magnetic saturated time difference fluxgate sensor, which is characterized in that two ends of a sensor magnetic core are wound with exciting coils, the middle section of the sensor magnetic core is wound with induction coils, output poles of the induction coils are connected with an amplifying circuit, and the amplifying circuit is connected with a counting display circuit through a band-pass filter circuit and a retardation shaping circuit. By detecting and calculating a positive negative pulse time difference value output by the fluxgate sensor in a time domain, the strength of the measured magnetic field is judged. Compared with the prior fluxgate sensor, the detection circuit is simple, the measurement stability of the system is ensured without a feedback structure, a complex subsequent circuit is not needed, the required excitation current is lower, the data processing is simple, the measured relative quantity is little, the integral volume and power consumption of the sensor are effectively reduced, and the measurement result is acquired quickly. The fluxgate sensor avoids a filter-phase-sensitive demodulation-smooth filter circuit of the prior fluxgate sensor, makes up the defect that the prior fluxgate sensor has harsh process requirement, and achieves the digitized magnetic measurement of the fluxgate sensor.

The invention provides a signal processing method and device for frequency-agile radar based on a variable repetition frequency technology. The method includes the following steps: designing a frequency point sequence of random hopping according to a random number and the carrier frequency related parameters of radar, and designing a pulse time interval sequence according to the frequency point sequence and the distance range of a target to be detected; emitting a radar pulse signal according to the designed frequency point sequence and the designed pulse time interval sequence, receiving an echo signal of the radar pulse signal, and sampling and preprocessing the echo signal to obtain a baseband echo sampling signal; processing the baseband echo sampling signal by a single pulse to obtaina time-domain echo signal after pulse compression; and coherently accumulating the time-domain echo signal after pulse compression in the two dimensions of frequency point and pulse number, and obtaining the fine resolution distance and Doppler velocity values of the target to be detected through threshold decision. Accurate detection of the distance and velocity of a moving target by coherent frequency-agile radar is realized, and the amount of computation for the processing of coherent frequency-agile signals can be reduced.

The invention relates to a nanosecond detection system based on a random pulse time sequence of an ultra high-speed data acquisition card, and relates to computer application technology and data acquisition and processing technology, in particular to detection and processing technology for the random pulse time sequence. The system performs data acquisition and on-line detection based on a 1GS / s ultra high-speed A / D converting unit and an FPGA high-speed processing unit, and can quickly and accurately detect pulse time in a quick-logic narrow-pulse sequence. The detection for the pulse time is to calibrate the pulse time by pulse peak positions through a particularly designed PeakTDC hysteretic peak value detection algorithm carried on the FPGA, and the time accuracy is 1ns. The system can obtain TDC time data conversion of quick response random events in finite nanosecond random pulse sequences on a time bin axis, and performs the detection on multi-channel pulse signals on line and highly synchronously with high speed and large capacity.

The invention discloses a model inverse dynamic algorithm for the extreme power of a power battery pack, and aims to avoid the influence of the state of charge (SOC) accuracy of a battery on an extreme power estimated value due to calculation of the electrodynamic potential of the battery through a mathematical model. The model inverse dynamic algorithm comprises the following steps: establishing a polarization voltage model of a single battery and a terminal voltage model of the single battery by adopting a Thevenin equivalent circuit; computing the direct-current resistance R, polarization parameter Rp and tau of the battery according to an HPPC (Hybrid Pulse Power Characterization) experiment, and establishing a corresponding relation through the SOC and a temperature; computing current EMF(t) by using a current sampled voltage value U(t) and current I(t); computing a polarization voltage Up(t+dt) after pulse time according to Up(t); calculating extreme current according to EMF(t) and Up(t+dt); comparing the extreme current with a system design required value Imax, and selecting lower current for calculating a voltage value U(t+dt) after the pulse time; and computing extreme power and charging extreme power.

An embodiment of the invention provides a control method and control device of an air deflector, and relates to the technical field of control of air conditioners. By the control method and control device of the air deflector, an indoor unit of an air conditioner has all-around and stereoscopic air supply effect, and is large in air blowing range. The method comprises the following steps: positioning the air deflector at an air outlet of the indoor unit of the air conditioner, wherein the air deflector comprises a horizontal air deflector body, a vertical air deflector body and a motor which respectively drives the horizontal air deflector body and the vertical air deflector body to run; and intercepting starting signals which are transmitted to the indoor unit of the air conditioner from an air conditioner controller by using a control device, controlling the horizontal air deflector body to swing in a first preset angle range from a first preset position according to first pulse time intervals, and controlling the vertical air deflector body to swing in a second preset angle range from a second preset position according to second pulse time intervals. The embodiment of the invention is used for air supply control of the air deflector in a central air-conditioning control system.