The invention relates to the technical field of
laser radars, in particular to a vortex
light laser radar which comprises a
laser emitting unit, an optical receiving unit, an optical modulation unit, a
signal detection unit, a
signal acquisition and
processing unit and a
system structure unit. The optical receiving and modulating module divides echo light into a vortex channel and a reference channel through polarization
beam splitting. The vortex channel performs orbital
angular momentum modulation on echo light by using the receiving modulation unit, converts coherent
signal light into annularly distributed vortex light, and filters incoherent
noise light through the OAM spatial filtering
assembly, thereby realizing spatial separation of signals and
noise. The problem of interference of multiple
scattered light and
background light in a strong scattering medium is effectively solved, the detection signal-to-
noise ratio, the maximum detection distance and the target resolution of the
laser radar are remarkably improved, and the
system is compact in structure, high in
engineering practicability and particularly suitable for target detection in
underwater,
haze and other complex environments.