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445 results about "Fluorophore" patented technology

A fluorophore (or fluorochrome, similarly to a chromophore) is a fluorescent chemical compound that can re-emit light upon light excitation. Fluorophores typically contain several combined aromatic groups, or planar or cyclic molecules with several π bonds.

Disease-targeted imaging agents

The invention is based, at least in part, on the discovery that replacement of a key bond in the near-infrared fluorophore with a carbon-carbon bond conjugation to a targeting ligand results in vastly increased stability as compared to NIR fluorophores without such a bond, while preserving ligand and zwitterionic properties. In at least one aspect, the invention provides an imaging agent dye comprising a charge-balanced imaging agent conjugated to a targeting vector, wherein the targeting vector is a PSMA binding vector, such as dPSMA-617 or KUE, a FAP binding vector, a bombesin receptor binding vector, or a somatostatin receptor binding vector, and the charge-balanced imaging agent is ZW-800-1, ZW-830-1, or ZW-700-1-Forte.
Owner:CURADEL SURGICAL INNOVATIONS INC

Spectral unmixing of imaged fluorophores

Systems and methods for calibrating an imager for unmixing of images with multiple fluorophores is described. One example method performed by a computing device includes receiving one or more single-color control images, a foreground channel, and a background channel. The single-color control images are images of the sample with a single fluorophore applied to the sample, and the foreground channel and the background channel are associated with the fluorophore. The method includes determining a difference between the foreground channel and the background channel, acquiring a foreground pixel mask from the difference, averaging a set of foreground pixels in the foreground pixel mask to generate a first spectrum, and subtracting an unstained spectrum from the first spectrum to generate a second spectrum. The second spectrum defines a spectral profile of the sample. A calibration slide and a method of preparing a calibration slide are also described.
Owner:LIFE TECHNOLOGIES CORP +1

Boron coordination salicylhydrazone double-state emission fluorophore as well as preparation method and application thereof

The invention relates to the technical field of organic synthesis and the technical field of fluorescent materials, in particular to a boron coordination salicylhydrazone double-state emission fluorophore as well as a preparation method and application of the boron coordination salicylhydrazone double-state emission fluorophore. The structure of the boron coordination salicylazone double-state emission fluorophore is shown as I, II or III; wherein R1 is selected from one of H, halogen atoms, diethylamino and thienyl, R2 is selected from one of H, halogen atoms, diethylamino and thienyl, and R3 is selected from one of aryl, 9, 9 '-spirobifluorenyl, alkoxy and halogen atoms. The boron coordination salicylazone double-state emission fluorophore is diversified in structure and good in solubility, has excellent photophysical properties and extremely high quantum yield, and also shows excellent biocompatibility and remarkable liposome targeting property at the same time. Moreover, the preparation method of the boron-coordinated salicylazone double-state emission fluorophore adopts a one-pot two-step method, is simple and convenient, is high in yield, is green and environment-friendly, and has a wide application prospect.
Owner:ANHUI NORMAL UNIV

Flow cytometer based on multi-focus confocal microscopic imaging

PendingCN121090374AIndividual particle analysisOptical latticeSpatial light modulator
The invention provides a multi-focus excitation confocal fluorescence microscopic imaging flow cytometry screening method. The method is characterized in that a laser beam generates three laser beams through a spatial light modulator, and the three laser beams are coherently superposed in a focal plane of a microscope objective to generate a two-dimensional optical lattice light field. And after the other laser beam is shaped by the cylindrical lens, linear laser optical tweezers are realized through the microscope objective, cells to be detected in an imaging detection area of the micro-flow chip are captured, and accurate active optical control on the rotation angle of the cells to be detected is realized. In a cell rotation process, a two-dimensional optical lattice light field rapidly scans in a focal plane at different angles, and a fluorophore in the cell is excited to generate a fluorescence signal. The confocal pinhole array installed at the position conjugate with the focal plane eliminates background fluorescence, a high-spatial-resolution fluorescence image of a three-dimensional structure in the cell is obtained, and cell screening is achieved. The method provided by the invention has the characteristics of high detection rate, high accuracy and the like, and has wide application prospects in the research fields of biology, medicine and life science.
Owner:GUILIN UNIV OF ELECTRONIC TECH

Fluorescent probe as well as preparation method and application thereof

The invention discloses a fluorescent probe as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The invention provides a series of fluorescent probes with novel structures, and the fluorescent probes take 2-(isoquinoline-1-yl) pyrrole boron difluoride as fluorophores, so that the fluorescence quantum yield of the probes is improved, the detection resolution of nitric oxide is increased, and the detection sensitivity is improved. The fluorescent probe disclosed by the invention has the characteristics of large Stokes displacement, high fluorescence quantum yield, good selectivity and short response time.
Owner:WUYI UNIV

Implantable Imagers for in Vivo Imaging

Devices, systems, and methods are provided for in vivo fluorescence imaging. Disclosed herein is an implantable miniature fluorescence imager on a chip having a custom imaging array with angle selective gratings, fiber optics, or microcollimators for image deblurring, and optical filters that can be tuned to image fluorescence from multiple fluorophores simultaneously. Power is supplied by an on-chip power source or transmitted to the chip from an external transducer such as an ultrasound transducer, electromagnetic transducer, inductive transducer, or radiofrequency transducer. Wireless communication may be provided by electromagnetic or ultrasound links to the device. The function of a fluorescence microscope is provided in a millimeter-scale device that can be readily implanted in tissue and used to image fluorescently labeled cells in vivo. The small size of the fluorescence imager makes possible sustained in vivo imaging with real-time monitoring of multiple cell types within Shifting the dynamic diseased tissue or a tumor.
Owner:RGT UNIV OF CALIFORNIA

Tethered probes for multiplexed nucleic acid amplification assays

PCT designated stageWO2025207981A1Microbiological testing/measurementAssayFluorophore
Systems, including methods and compositions, for performing multiplexed assays. The methods may include (A) providing a mixture including (i) a sample having one or more of a plurality of distinct nucleic acid targets, (ii) amplification reagents sufficient for amplification of the targets, and (iii) a tethered probe specific to each target, (B) amplifying the plurality of targets in the mixture, (C) measuring fluorescence from the tethered probe for each target; and (D) determining from the measured fluorescence a quantity representative of a level of each of the targets in the sample. Each tethered probe may include respective first and second fluorophores, with distinguishable excitation and / or emission spectra, and a respective quencher. The probes are configured such that an intensity of fluorescence from one or both fluorophores is altered during amplification of the respective target, so that changes in fluorescence can be used to assess the degree of amplification of the respective target.
Owner:3D MEDICINES BIOMEDICAL TECHNOLOGIES INC +5

Mama fluorescence tomography system based on pixel-region three-way scanning

The invention relates to the technical field of optical molecular imaging, in particular to a fluorescent molecular tomography three-dimensional reconstruction system, method and device based on pixel and region integration layering Mama (PR3SM) and a three-dimensional scanning (Tri-scan) mechanism. Aiming at the problems of how to effectively capture global and local spatial characteristics of a fluorescence signal, how to accurately model a radial aggregation and diffusion mode of a fluorescence probe and how to realize a self-adaptive loss function to improve the reconstruction precision, the invention provides a layered three-way scanning Mama fluorescence molecular tomography reconstruction system based on pixel-region integration. The reconstruction precision is improved by introducing a Mama model, the feature modeling capability is enhanced by combining a layered PR-Mama module with a pixel-level SSM and a region-level SSM, forward, backward and spiral center scanning modes are fused through a three-way scanning mechanism, and a fluorophore distribution mode is effectively captured; the adaptive structure senses the loss function, integrates the mean square error and the local structure similarity loss, and improves the adaptability of the loss function.
Owner:SHANXI UNIV

Primer for detecting and distinguishing genotype of infectious bronchitis virus and application

The invention discloses a primer for detecting and distinguishing genotypes of avian infectious bronchitis viruses and application, and belongs to the technical field of biological detection. The primer combination comprises a universal primer and a probe group I for detecting an IBV total group, a specific primer and a probe combination II for detecting a GI-19 genotype, and a specific primer and a probe combination III for detecting a GVI-1 genotype, and nucleotide sequences are respectively shown as SEQ ID NO.1-9; different fluorophores are respectively marked at 5'ends of each group of probes, and corresponding quenching groups are marked at 3 'ends of each group of probes. The primer combination provided by the invention has high specificity and high sensitivity, rapid detection of the IBV and accurate distinguishing of main epidemic genotypes (GVI-1 and GI-19) can be completed in a single reaction, complex sequencing and analysis steps in a traditional method are omitted, the detection efficiency is greatly improved, and the primer combination has a good application prospect. And a convenient tool is provided for farm epidemic situation monitoring and clinical diagnosis.
Owner:ZHEJIANG UNIV +1

Immunofluorescence imaging method for driving tyramine signal amplification based on chemiluminescence and application thereof

The invention discloses an immunofluorescence imaging method for driving tyramine signal amplification based on chemiluminescence and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of biomedical imaging. The immunofluorescence imaging method comprises the following steps: carrying out first incubation on a to-be-detected sample and a peroxidase-labeled antibody; performing second incubation on the to-be-detected sample after the first incubation and a tyramine substrate containing a fluorophore under a dark condition; adding a chemiluminescent substrate solution into the to-be-detected sample after the second incubation, and carrying out image acquisition; wherein the antibody can be specifically bound with a target protein; the tyramine substrate can generate active free radicals under the catalysis of peroxidase, so that the active free radicals are covalently cross-linked with tyrosine residues; the chemiluminescent substrate solution comprises hydrogen peroxide and luminol. The immunofluorescence imaging method improves imaging signal and fluorescence stability, effectively reduces background interference and phototoxicity, is suitable for long-time stable fluorescence immunoimaging, and is especially suitable for high-sensitivity detection of low-expression protein markers.
Owner:SOUTHERN UNIVERSITY OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

A fluorescent metal corrosion inhibitor based on coumarin and furan heterocycle, and its preparation method and application

The present invention belongs to the fields of chemistry, materials science, and corrosion engineering, and discloses a fluorescent metal corrosion inhibitor based on coumarin and furan heterocycles, as well as its preparation method and application. A simple and efficient Schiff base reaction is used to introduce a five-membered furan ring into the fluorophore coumarin. The Schiff base carbon-nitrogen double bond and the furan heterocycle, as well as the oxygen heteroatom of the fluorophore coumarin itself, are utilized to coordinate well with iron ions. This not only achieves metal corrosion inhibition, but also makes it possible to detect the amount of corrosion inhibitor used through fluorescence, avoiding environmental pollution caused by excessive use. The fluorescent metal corrosion inhibitor has an inhibition concentration of 7×10 ‑5 mol / L, it exhibits the best corrosion inhibition effect on carbon steel, and the corrosion inhibition efficiency can reach 73.25%.
Owner:DALIAN UNIV

Spatio-temporal monitoring of photopolymerization progression and related mechanisms

A method, in accordance with one aspect of the present invention, includes, during performance of an additive manufacturing process that includes photocuring of a resin, monitoring light output generated by a fluorophore in the resin that exhibits aggregation-induced emission (AIE) behavior. The method also includes outputting an indication of an extent of photocuring based on the monitored light output. The method also includes adjusting in real time a parameter of the additive manufacturing process based on the output indication. A method, in accordance with another aspect of the present invention, includes analyzing at least one mechanical property of a polymeric structure formed by an additive manufacturing process based on light output generated by a fluorophore in the structure.
Owner:LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NAT SECURITY LLC

Methods and compositions for flow cytometer calibration

The present disclosure provides improved and useful techniques for cross-standardization of flow cytometry instruments and, particularly, spectral flow cytometry instruments. Aspects of the disclosure include methods of calibrating a flow cytometer having a plurality of fluorescence channels. Methods of interest utilize calibration sets of bead populations, wherein each bead population of the calibration set includes a different fluorophore attached to a surface thereof and the calibration set includes a number of bead populations that is less than the number of fluorescence channels of the flow cytometer. Flow cytometers, non-transitory computer-readable storage media, and kits including, e.g., calibration sets of bead populations for carrying out the subject methods are also provided.
Owner:BECTON DICKINSON & CO

Spatio-temporal monitoring of photopolymerization progression and related mechanisms

In one general embodiment, a method includes, during performance of an additive manufacturing process that includes photocuring of a resin, monitoring light output generated by a fluorophore in the resin that exhibits aggregation-induced emission (AIE) behavior. An indication of an extent of photocuring is output based on the monitored light output. In another general embodiment, a resin for additive manufacturing includes molecules configured for photopolymerization and / or photocuring, the molecules being selected from the group consisting of monomers, oligomers, and polymers; a photoinitiator; and a fluorophore that exhibits aggregation-induced emission (AIE) behavior. The fluorophore is present in an amount of at least 0.00005 wt % relative to a total weight of the resin. In yet another general embodiment, a three-dimensional encrypted structure includes a fluorophore that exhibits aggregation-induced emission (AIE) behavior. The structure has information encoded therein via the fluorophore, the information being viewable by illuminating the fluorophore with fluorescent light.
Owner:LAWRENCE LIVERMORE NAT SECURITY LLC

A calibration arrangement for calibrating a detecting device

A calibration arrangement (100) for calibrating a detection device (101), where the detection device comprises a detector for detecting a sample (102) doped with a fluorophore, said arrangement comprises an electromagnetic radiation source (105) for emitting electromagnetic radiation (106) at a wavelength, where the wavelength corresponds to wavelength of electromagnetic radiation emitted by the excited fluorophore of the sample. The arrangement comprises also a controller (107) for adjusting an intensity of the electromagnetic radiation (106) to correspond essentially to a desired minimum level of an intensity of the electromagnetic radiation (106) emitted by said fluorophore of the sample. The controller is also configured to detect the adjusted intensity by the detector (108) of the detection device and set said detected intensity as a threshold intensity so that only the intensities being at least at said threshold intensity is counted by the detection device when detecting the sample (102) in a sample flow (103).
Owner:MARGINUM OY

Method, system, kit and probe for detecting BRCA2 gene mutation

The invention relates to the technical field of molecular detection, in particular to a method, a system, a kit and a probe for detecting BRCA2 gene mutation. The detection method comprises the following steps: carrying out pretreatment and PCR amplification on a blood sample, carrying out a hybridization reaction with a probe to obtain a sample, detecting the sample based on an SERS technology, and collecting an SERS spectrum. Whether BRCA2 gene mutation exists or not is judged by identifying characteristic double peaks of a cy3 fluorophore at 1188 cm <-1 > and 1393 cm <-1 >, and the whole detection process can be completed within 2 hours. According to the scheme, the region, carrying the BRCA2 gene, on the DNA can be amplified through the specific primer pair, then the DNA is specifically combined through the improved oligonucleotide probe, and detection is achieved through the reporter molecule on the oligonucleotide probe; therefore, the detection method provided by the scheme has the advantages of high detection speed, high sensitivity and high detection result accuracy, and the problems of long time consumption and high cost of the traditional PCR or NGS technology are effectively solved.
Owner:THE FIRST AFFILIATED HOSPITAL OF ANHUI MEDICAL UNIV

Quinone oxidoreductase 1 near-infrared fluorescent probe with in-situ covalent anchoring function and preparation method thereof

The invention belongs to the field of molecular fluorescent probes, and particularly discloses a near-infrared fluorescent probe of quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NAD (P) H: quinone oxidoreductase 1, NQO1) with an in-situ covalent anchoring function and a preparation method of the near-infrared fluorescent probe. According to the probe, dicyanoisophorone is used as a core fluorophore, an aldehyde group is used as an NQO1 covalent anchoring group, and 3-methyl-3-(2, 4, 5-trimethyl-3, 6-dioxocyclohex-1, 4-diene-1-yl) butyrate is used as a recognition group of NQO1. The invention also provides an application of the near-infrared fluorescent probe with the in-situ covalent anchoring NQO1. Compared with other probes, the probe is simple in synthesis method and suitable for industrial production, and has high sensitivity, high selectivity and good biocompatibility in NQO1 detection. The fluorescent probe disclosed by the invention can realize covalent labeling and in-situ imaging functions after target NQO1 recognition response. Long-time in-situ tracking and imaging can be carried out on tumor cells and tissues by monitoring the NQO1 level, and a simple and effective method is provided for accurate detection of tumor disease related protease.
Owner:NANJING TECH UNIV

An ERβ-targeted hydrogen peroxide-responsive near-infrared fluorescent probe, its preparation method and application

This invention discloses an ERβ-targeted hydrogen peroxide-responsive near-infrared fluorescent probe, its preparation method, and its applications, belonging to the field of medical technology. The fluorescent probes of this invention are dicyanomethylene-4H-benzodihydropyran compounds P1 and P2 containing borate ester groups, with the following structural formula. These fluorescent probes use DCM-OH as a backbone, acting as both a fluorophore and an ERβ ligand. The borate ester group is the H2O2 responsive group. The introduction of the borate ester group disrupts the push-pull effect of the DCM-OH fluorophore, preventing fluorescence emission. However, in a high-concentration H2O2 environment, the borate ester group is specifically cleaved by H2O2, subsequently exhibiting strong initiation fluorescence and enabling tumor imaging in vitro and in vivo. This invention brings new opportunities for the diagnosis and research of prostate cancer.
Owner:WUHAN UNIV

Image scanning microscope and method

An image scanning microscope includes: an excitation unit that generates excitation light; an objective lens pointing to the sample space and guiding the excitation light into the sample space and receiving the detection light from the sample space; a scanning unit arranged along a beam path between the excitation unit and the objective lens and selectively directing the excitation light into different regions of the sample space via the objective lens; a detection arrangement comprising at least one spectral coding element that changes a spatial distribution of the intensity of the detection light based on the wavelength of the detection light and at least one array detector that detects the spatial distribution of the intensity of the detection light; a main beam splitter that directs the excitation light into the objective lens via the scanning unit and directs the detection light into the detection arrangement; and a control unit that controls the excitation unit to set the excitation modality and determines a spatial distribution of concentrations of at least two different fluorophore species in a sample arranged in the sample space based on a spatial distribution of the intensity of the detection light and based on the excitation modality and / or the photon arrival time.
Owner:LEICA MICROSYSTEMS CMS GMBH

Naphthalimide fluorescent probe for detecting hclo and preparation method thereof

This invention discloses a naphthimide-based fluorescent probe for detecting HClO and its preparation method. The fluorescent molecular probe uses naphthimide as the fluorophore and C=N as the specific reaction site for HClO. Due to the presence of the naphthimide fluorophore, the probe molecule exhibits two-photon properties, enabling deep tissue penetration, reducing background noise, and facilitating fluorescence imaging of biological systems. Furthermore, the introduced morpholine group allows for lysosomal targeting, enabling the monitoring of hypochlorous acid concentration levels in lysosomes, making it a valuable tool for early disease diagnosis. In addition, this type of probe molecule is simple to synthesize, operates under mild reaction conditions, exhibits stable optical properties, and has a high synthesis yield. It can detect a wide range of HClO, making it practically valuable in fields such as biochemistry and environmental science.
Owner:NORTHWEST NORMAL UNIVERSITY

Molecular beacon and high-throughput sequencing library absolute quantification method thereof

The invention relates to the technical field of biology, and discloses a molecular beacon and a high-throughput sequencing library absolute quantification method thereof, and a fluorescent molecular beacon oligonucleotide (Oligo) sequence comprises a nucleotide chain (Loop chain) of a sequencing library recognition region, a first universal sequence region at the 5'upstream of the nucleotide chain (Loop chain) of the sequencing library recognition region, and a second universal sequence region at the 3 'downstream of the nucleotide chain (Loop chain) of the sequencing library recognition region; 5'of the first universal sequence region is modified into a fluorophore, and 3 'of the second universal sequence region is modified into a quenching group; and a nucleotide chain of the sequencing library recognition region is from an Illumina anmena sequencing platform or an MGI Huazai sequencing platform. The invention comprises a fluorescent molecular beacon for high-throughput sequencing library sequencing before-loading quantification, a sequence applied to a high-throughput sequencing platform and a detection method for library absolute quantification based on the molecular beacon, and overcomes the defects of a current gold standard detection method in technology and efficiency. The quantitative precision of the sequencing library is ensured; meanwhile, the economic and time cost of an actual application end is greatly reduced.
Owner:WUHAN KANGCE TECH CO LTD +1

Systems and methods for multiplexed polymerase chain reaction processes and data analysis

Systems and methods that enable analyte detection in a multiplexed amplification process can include obtaining, at multiple time points during the amplification process, composite fluorescence signal data associated with a composite fluorescence signal from at least a first probe type comprising a first fluorophore and a second probe type comprising a second fluorophore which has substantially overlapping spectral characteristics as said first fluorophore, the first probe type and the second probe type differing in thermal and / or temporal properties; and determining, based at least partially on the composite fluorescence signal data, fluorescence signal data associated with a fluorescence signal from a given probe type of the first probe type or the second probe type during the amplification process.
Owner:LIFE TECHNOLOGIES CORP

Inhibitor type near-infrared fluorescent probe of targeted fibroblast activating protein, preparation method and application of inhibitor type near-infrared fluorescent probe

The invention provides an inhibitor near-infrared fluorescent probe targeting fibroblast activation protein, a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the field of biotechnology and medicine preparation. The chemical structural formula of the inhibitor near-infrared fluorescent probe is shown as a formula (1), a targeting part, a near-infrared fluorophore and fatty diacid in an existing radiopharmaceutical for targeting fibroblast activating protein are innovatively coupled, and the novel fibroblast activating protein inhibitor near-infrared fluorescent probe is developed. The probe can be rapidly distributed and specifically enriched in tumor tissues, and meanwhile, due to the fact that blood removal is slowed down, fluorescence signals in tumors are remarkably enhanced and detained for a long time, so that an excellent tumor and background signal ratio is obtained, and good biological safety is shown under the effective working concentration.
Owner:BEIJING LIFE SCIENCE ACADEMY CO LTD

Methods and systems for image-to-image translation of microscopy images

PCT designated stageWO2026055610A1Image enhancementImage analysisRadiologyFluorophore
Described herein are methods and systems for training image to image translation machine-learning models, wherein the image to image translation machine-learning models are trained using unpaired images. The trained image to image translation machine-learning models can be used to digitally identify markers of a fluorescent image depicting a plurality of markers in a single color channel from a single fluorophore and / or enhance a fluorescence image.
Owner:DIFFINE LLC

Single and multiphoton excitation fluorescence in-line cytometry for real-time bioprocess metabolic monitoring

An analytical method of and system for monitoring cell status whereby excitation energy is focused to an excitation cytometry volume in a cell sample to fluoresce first and second fluorophores of a cell. Fluorescence signals from the first and second fluorescing cell fluorophores are directed to a detection subsystem. A first peak in fluorescence intensity for the first fluorophore is detected as is a second peak in fluorescence intensity for the second fluorophore. The fluorescence signals are processed to identify when the first and second peaks occur substantially simultaneously indicating the presence of a cell at the excitation cytometry volume instead of background fluorescence and in response, the cellular status of the cell is measured using the intensity of the levels of the first and second peaks.
Owner:PHYSICAL SCI INC

Autofluorescence enhanced photothermal infrared spectroscopy

Methods and systems described herein detect autofluorescence of a sample. These methods and systems obviate the need for addition of fluorophores to samples to create IR absorption.
Owner:PHOTOTHERMAL SPECTROSCOPY CORP

A fluorescent probe and its use in fluorescent detection of glyphosate

The present invention relates to the fields of chemistry, agriculture, and environmental protection, and discloses a fluorescent probe and its use in fluorescent detection of glyphosate, specifically a fluorescent probe technology for rapid detection of glyphosate in water and agricultural products. The colorimetric fluorescent probe, which combines a 2-chloroaniline sensing unit with the fluorophore dansyl chloride, induces fluorescence enhancement through a substitution reaction with glyphosate. Specifically, the probe can detect glyphosate in the range of 0 to 70 μmol·L. ‑1 Fluorescence titration experiments were conducted with glyphosate at varying concentrations within a specific range. With the gradual addition of glyphosate, the probe's fluorescence spectrum rapidly increased, establishing a satisfactory relationship between fluorescence intensity and glyphosate concentration. Common anions and metal ions found in water did not interfere with the reaction, demonstrating the detection method's excellent anti-interference properties. Furthermore, this probe was used to detect glyphosate in tap water, Xiangxi River Reservoir, soil, soybeans, and corn, with recoveries ranging from 94.7% to 109.9%. This open-type fluorescent probe can specifically detect glyphosate with the naked eye under ultraviolet light.
Owner:CHINA THREE GORGES UNIV

Fluorophores for super-resolution imaging

The presently-disclosed subject matter includes fluorescent compounds of the following formula:The compounds can be used as probes, dyes, tags, and the like. The presently-disclosed subject matter also includes kits comprising the same as well as methods for using the same to detect a target substance.
Owner:HOWARD HUGHES MEDICAL INST