Portable fluorescence detection system and microassay cartridge

Abstract

Disclosed is a compact, microprocessor-controlled instrument for fluorometric assays in liquid samples, the instrument having a floating stage with docking bay for receiving a microfluidic cartridge and a scanning detector head with on-board embedded microprocessor operated under control of a ODAP daemon resident in the detector head for controlling source LEDs, emission signal amplification and filtering in an isolated, low noise, high-gain environment within the detector head. Multiple optical channels may be incorporated in the scanning head. In a preferred configuration, the assay is validated using dual channel optics for monitoring a first fluorophore associated with a target analyte and a second fluorophore associated with a control. Applications include molecular biological assays based on PCR amplification of target nucleic acids and fluorometric assays in general, many of which require temperature control during detection.

Description

BACKGROUND[0001]1. Technical Field[0002]The present invention generally relates to a compact fluorescence detection instrument with optical, thermal, mechanical and pneumohydraulic systems for use in diagnostic assays performed in a microassay cartridge.[0003]2. Description of the Related Art[0004]Although the benefits of the use of fluorophores as probes for in-vitro diagnostic assays are well known, the most commonly available forms of equipment for such assays are large, complex to use, relatively slow and rely on expensive confocal optics. These attributes make much equipment unsuitable for fully integrated “sample-to-answer” testing in remote locales and on-site at the point of care, where such equipment is required to be rugged, fast, compact, inexpensive, and easy to use. Although automated nucleic acid amplification in a microfluidic cartridge was first proposed some years ago (see Wilding: U.S. Pat. Nos. 5,304,487 and 5,635,358), detection of fluorescent assay targets outsi...

AI Technical Summary

Benefits of technology

The present invention provides a solution for reliable and sensitive detection of fluorescent probes, tags, fluorophores and analytes in a microfluidic cartridge, even in the presence of bubbles and other interfering inhomogeneities in a liquid sample. The invention is accomplished through the use of a reflective mirror face formed on a heating block that interfaces with a thermo-optical window on the bottom of the detection chamber, and a scanning objective lens positioned above the microfluidic cartridge. The mirror face is optically flat and polished to improve both heat transfer and fluorescence emission capture. The excitation optics are decoupled from the emission optics on a common optical path, which increases sensitivity, reduces noise, and improves limits of detection. The technical effects include improved signal detection, optimized signal detection, affordable low-cost materials and manufacturing process, and improved bubble and inhomogeneity detection.

Problems solved by technology

Contrary to the teachings of the prior art, we find that the conventional confocal localization of the excitation and emission signal is less effective in generating a robust signal over a wide range of sample and operating conditions.

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