73 results about "Iminium" patented technology

Fluorescent biosensor molecules, fluorescent biosensors and systems, as well as methods of making and using these biosensor molecules and systems are described. Embodiments of these biosensor molecules exhibit fluorescence emission at wavelengths greater than about 650 nm. Typical biosensor molecules include a fluorophore that includes an iminium ion, a linker moiety that includes a group that is an anilinic type of relationship to the fluorophore and a boronate substrate recognition / binding moiety, which binds glucose. The fluorescence molecules modulated by the presence or absence of polyhydroxylated analytes such as glucose. This property of these molecules of the invention, as well as their ability to emit fluorescent light at greater than about 650 nm, renders these biosensor molecules particularly well-suited for detecting and measuring in-vivo glucose concentrations.

The invention relates to an ion liquid electrolyte containing bi-(fluorosulfonic acid)imine ion and iodine ion and application thereof to a dye sensitized solar battery. The electrolyte is a composition prepared from the bi-(fluorosulfonic acid)imine ion([N(SO2F)2]<->), iodine ion liquid and simple substance iodine which are evenly mixed according to the blending ratio, or the bi-(fluorosulfonic acid)imine ion([N(SO2F)2]<->), the iodine ion liquid, the simple substance iodine and one or more than one of other ion liquid, additive, curing agent and solvent which are evenly mixed according to the blending ratio. When the ion liquid electrolyte is applied to the dye sensitized solar battery, a high-efficiency thermal stability device with photoelectric power conversion efficiency of 7.5 percent is obtained, thereby the ion liquid electrolyte containing TCB negative ion is not used.

This invention relates to a process of producing organic catalysts that may comprise iminium or oxaziridinium moieties, cleaning compositions comprising such catalysts; and methods of using such catalysts and cleaning products containing such catalysts.

A method for preparing ammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate salt comprising reacting a secondary amine with an aldehyde to form an iminium ion; hydrogenating the iminium ion by reaction with a reducing agent to form a tertiary amine; reacting the tertiary amine with a mineral acid to form an amine salt; and reacting the amine salt with K[B(C6F5)4], Li[B(C6F5)4], or combinations thereof to form an ammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate salt, wherein the secondary amine is derived from a non-animal source and the aldehyde has seven or more carbon atoms; wherein the ammonium tetrakis(pentafluorophenyl)borate salt is characterized by a solubility at 25° C. in hexane, cyclohexane or methylcyclohexane of at least 10 weight percent; and wherein the tertiary amine has a molecular weight of at least 450 g / mole is provided.

The present invention relates to the synthesis of dimer alkaloid compounds, particularly those of the Catharantus (Vinca) family, from an indole unit, such as cantharanthine, and a dihydroindole unit, such as vindoline. A multi-step process is disclosed including the steps of (1) of 1,4-reduction of a first dimeric iminium intermediate to an enamine compound by reaction with a 1,4-dihydropyridine compound; (2) oxidative transformation of the resulting enamine to a second iminium intermediate under controlled aeration; (3) reduction of the second iminium intermediate to form the target dimer alkaloid compounds. The entire process can be conducted in a one-pot operation to obtain the target compounds without isolation of the intermediates.

The invention relates to a new fluoroalkyl sulfonyl imide and fluoroalkyl sulfonyl imides thereof, a preparation method and usage. The fluoroalkyl sulfonyl imide and fluoroalkyl sulfonyl imides are prepared by taking fluoroalkyl sulfonyl chloride or fluoroalkyl vikane and can be high-efficiently used in ion exchange reaction.

This invention relates to organic catalysts comprising iminium or oxaziridinium moieties, cleaning compositions comprising such catalysts; and processes for making and using such catalysts and cleaning products.

The invention relates to a composite catalyst for preparing a polyether-polylactide-aliphatic polycarbonate ternary block copolymer and an application of the composite catalyst. The composite catalyst comprises a metal Salen catalyst and a cocatalyst in a molar ratio of 1: (0.5-2), wherein the cocatalyst is bis-(triphenylphosphine)iminium chloride, 4-dimethylaminopyridine or 2,6-lutidine. The composite catalyst has the following beneficial effects: 1, The catalysis effect of the composite catalyst is good, the catalysis efficiency is high, the obtained ternary copolymer has larger number-average molecular weight and narrow molecular weight distribution; 2, composition of a polyether segment, a polylactide segment and a PPC (poly(propylene carbonate)) segment in the copolymer can be effectively controlled through regulation of step reaction time and monomer ratio, the glass transition temperature of the copolymer is 2-42 DEG C, the elongation at break is 55%-331%, and the tensile strength is 6-39 MPa.

The invention discloses a process for synthesizing 3,4-difluorobenzonitrile. According to the process, 3,4-difluorobenzonitrile with the purity of over 99% is obtained through taking 3,4-dichlorobenzonitrile as a raw material, taking potassium fluoride as a fluorination reagent, taking 1,3-dimethyl-2-imidazolidinone as a reaction solvent, taking bis-(N-bis(dimethylamino)methylene)-iminium chloride as a catalyst, enabling reactants to react for 2-3 hours at the temperature of 130-150 DEG C and react for 5-6 hours at the temperature of 180-200 DEG C, then ending reaction, filtering a reaction solution and then rectifying under reduced pressure, and the yield can reach 85%. Rectification mother liquor (containing the catalyst) is mechanically applied to next-batch reaction directly. According to the process disclosed by the invention, the raw material is easy to obtain, the reaction conditions are mild, the reaction time is short, the operation is simple, the yield is high, the reaction solvent (containing the catalyst) can be repeatedly applied mechanically, the cost is low, and the emission of waste gases, waste water and waste residues is little, so that the process is applicable to industrial production.

A fiber useful in the absorption of metal ions from aqueous solutions, the fiber comprising a polyolefin backbone having a diameter of at least 1 micron and having covalently appended on its surface halogen atoms and vinyl-addition polymeric grafts functionalized with metal-binding groups, such as at least one functional group selected from carboxylate, keto, aldo, amino, imino, nitrile, amido, oxime, amidoxime, imide dioxime, and hydroxamate groups. The vinyl-addition polymeric grafts may also be further functionalized with hydrophilic groups different from the metal-binding groups, wherein the hydrophilic groups may be selected from carboxylate, sulfone, sulfonate, phosphonate, alkylammonium, iminium, amide, pyrrolidone, and polyalkyleneglycol groups. Also described are methods for producing the functionalized fibers, and methods for using the functionalized fiber, particularly in extracting metal ions from metal-containing solutions.

This invention relates to novel iminium onium salts, which may be in the form of ionic liquids, and a process for producing electron deficient olefins, such as 2-cyanoacrylates, using such an iminium onium salt, for instance in the form of an ionic liquid.

The invention discloses a method for preparing enamine derivatives, which comprises the steps that: 1) the iminium salts with a molecular structural formula as III and the metal salt comprising active methylene with a molecular structural formula as II are selected as raw materials, and the molar ratio of iminium salts to metal salts comprising active methylene ranges from 1 : 1 to 3 : 1 ; 2) under a temperature of -50 DEG C to 100 DEG C, the iminium salts are gradually added into the organic solvent containing the metal salts comprising active methylene, to carry out a react for 0 to 40 hours with heat preservation under minus 50DEG C to 100DEG C; the solution of enamine derivatives with a molecular structural formula as I is obtained. The method for preparing enamine derivatives has simple process with high yield and mild reactive condition.

A photoresist composition. The composition has the following: (a) one or more resin binders that include one or more acid sensitive groups and that are substantially free of phenolic groups protected by acetal or ketal groups; (b) one or more photo acid generators, that, upon exposure to a source of high energy, decompose and generate a photoacid strong enough to remove the one or more acid sensitive groups; (c) one or more ionic non-photosensitive additives including an iminium salt; and (d) one or more solvents. There is also a process for patterning relief structures on a substrate employing the photoresist composition.

The present invention provides a method for the synthesis of β2-amino acids. The method also provides methods yielding α-substituted β-amino aldehydes and β-substituted γ-amino alcohols. The present method according to this invention allows for increased yield and easier purification using minimal chromatography or crystallization. The methods described herein are based on an aldehyde aminomethylation which involves a Mannich reaction between an aldehyde and a formaldehyde-derived N,O-acetal (iminium precursor) and a catalyst, such as, for example, L-proline or a pyrrolidine. The invention allows for large scale, commercial preparation of β2-amino acids.

The invention discloses a method for preparing polycarbonate through three-component copolymerization of carbon dioxide, epoxy cyclohexane and alpha-epoxy pinane, and belongs to the macromolecular material field. A catalyst system is formed by a quadridentate Schiff base metal complex SalenCr<III> Cl as a main catalyst and bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium chloride or 3-butylammonium chloride or 1-methyl imidazole or 4-dimethylamino pyridine and the like as a catalyst promoter, and under a condition of the carbon dioxide pressure of 2.0-5.5 MPa, the polycarbonate material is prepared by copolymerization of epoxy cyclohexane, alpha-epoxy pinane and carbon dioxide. The method makes full use of abundant forest resources in China, and is simple in process and convenient to operate; and the obtained polymer not only has good biodegradation and biocompatibility, but also has the advantages of good thermal stability, large molecular weight, narrow molecular weight distribution and the like, and can be widely used in biology, medicines, agriculture and other industries.

The present invention provides low cost resins (e.g., advanced epoxy resins), processes for making these resins, and coatings made with theses resins. Specifically, the present invention provides high throughput extrusion processing of advanced epoxy resins using an appropriate amount of an iminium salt catalyst. Preferred iminium salt catalysts are stable at room temperature in the reaction mixture (thereby enabling the pre-mixing of ingredients and the stable storage of the pre-mixed ingredients) and yet are highly efficient at the processing temperatures described herein. An example of one such advance epoxy resin is the reaction product of diglycidyl ether of bisphenol A with bisphenol A in the presence of an iminium salt catalyst. Preferred processes are performed using no solvent or only negligible amounts of solvent. One preferred extrusion process utilizes an intermeshing co-rotating twin-screw extruder, however, other types of extruders may alternatively be employed.

The instant invention provides an isocyanate trimerisation catalyst system, a precursor formulation, a process for trimerising isocyanates, rigid foams made therefrom, and a process for making such foams. The trimerisation catalyst system comprises: (a) a substituted iminium cation; and (b) an isocyanate-trimer inducing anion; wherein said trimerisation catalyst system has a trimerisation activation temperature in the range of equal to or less than 73° C. The precursor formulation comprises (1) at least 25 percent by weight of polyol, based on the weight of the precursor formulation; (2) less than 15 percent by weight of a trimerisation catalyst system, based on the weight of the precursor formulation, comprising; (a) a substituted iminium cation; and (c) an isocyanate-trimer inducing anion; wherein said trimerisation catalyst system has a trimerisation activation temperature in the range of equal to or less than 73° C.; and (4) optionally one or more surfactants, one or more flame retardants, water, one or more antioxidants, one or more auxiliary blowing agents, one or more urethane catalysts, one or more auxiliary trimerisation catalysts, or combinations thereof. The process for trimerisation of isocyanates comprises the steps of: (1) providing one or more monomers selected from the group consisting of an isocyanate, a diisocyanate, a triisocyanate, oligomeric isocyanate, a salt of any thereof, and a mixture of any thereof; (2) providing a trimerisation catalyst system comprising; (a) an substituted iminium cation; and (b) an isocyanate-trimer inducing anion; (c) wherein said trimerisation catalyst system has a trimerisation activation temperature in the range of equal to or less than 73° C.; (3) trimerising said one or more monomers in the presence of said trimerisation catalyst; (4) thereby forming an isocyanurate ring. The process for making the PIR foam comprises the steps of: (1) providing one or more monomers selected from the group consisting of an isocyanate, a diisocyanate, a triisocyanate, oligomeric isocyanate, a salt of any thereof, and a mixture of any thereof; (2) providing polyol; (3) providing a trimerisation catalyst system comprising; (a) a substituted iminium cation; and (b) an isocyanate-trimer inducing anion; wherein said trimerisation catalyst system has a trimerisation activation temperature in the range of equal to or less than 73° C.; and (4) optionally providing one or more surfactants, one or more flame retardants, water, one or more antioxidants, one or more auxiliary blowing agents, one or more urethane catalysts, one or more auxiliary trimerisation catalysts, or combinations thereof; (5) contacting said one or more monomers, and said polyol, and optionally said one or more surfactants, and optionally said one or more flame retardants, and optionally said water, and optionally said one or more antioxidants, and optionally said one or more auxiliary blowing agents in the presence of said trimerisation catalyst system and optionally said one or more urethane catalysts, and optionally said one or more auxiliary trimerisation catalysts; (6) thereby forming said polyisocyanurate / polyurethane rigid foam. The PIR foam comprises the reaction product of one or more monomers selected from the group consisting of an isocyanate, a diisocyanate, a triisocyanate, oligomeric isocyanate, a salt of any thereof, and a mixture of any thereof with polyol in the presence of a trimerisation catalyst system comprising a substituted iminium cation, and an isocyanate-trimer inducing anion, and optionally one or more surfactants, optionally one or more flame retardants, optionally water, optionally one or more antioxidants, optionally one or more auxiliary blowing agents, optionally one or more additional urethane catalysts, and optionally one or more auxiliary trimerisation catalysts, or optionally combinations thereof, wherein the trimerisation catalyst system has a trimerisation activation temperature in the range of equal to or less than 73° C. The PIR foam comprises the reaction product of one or more monomers selected from the group consisting of an isocyanate, a diisocyanate, a triisocyanate, oligomeric isocyanate, a salt of any thereof, and a mixture of any thereof with polyol in the presence of a trimerisation catalyst system comprising a substituted iminium cation, and an isocyanate-trimer inducing anion, and optionally one or more surfactants, optionally one or more flame retardants, optionally water, optionally one or more antioxidants, optionally one or more auxiliary blowing agents, optionally one or more additional polyurethane catalysts, and optionally one or more auxiliary trimerisation catalysts, or optionally combinations thereof, wherein the PIR foam has a polyisocyanurate trimer ratio (Abs1410 / Abs1595) of at least 5 at a depth of 12 mm from the rising surface of the rigid foam, measured via ATR-FTIR spectroscopy.

A method for producing a reaction product comprising an ester-functional silane, the method comprising: i) reacting a composition comprising: a) a haloorganosilane, b) a metal salt of a carboxy-functional compound, c) a phase transfer catalyst comprising a bicyclic amidine, an iminium compound, or a mixture thereof, provided that the iminium compound is not an acyclic guanidinium compound or pyridinium compound, and d) a co-catalyst, provided that the co-catalyst is optional when the phase transfer catalyst comprises the iminium compound.

The invention relates to a mixture of dried grain of alkali and ammonium sulfite black straw liquor as well as relevant preparation method. The invention is mainly a product by mixing alkali method black straw liquor with ammonium sulfite black straw liquor before performing condensation and drying, as well as relevant products that are produced. Evaporating and condensing black liquor with the production technique needs less energy consumption, and main dried grains include sodium lignin and ammonium lignin sulfonate as well as fulvic acid like substances. Therefore, the invention has broad application and can be used as raw materials for many products with high economic value. Moreover, the invention can also be utilized in preparation of an excellent water reducer, or be added with some crosslinkers to prepare lignin sand-fixing solvent.

Solar cells are provided which comprise an electron transporting layer and a light sensitizing layer of perovskite disposed over the surface of the electron transporting layer. The perovskite may have a formula selected from the group consisting of A2MX6, Z2MX6 or YMX6, wherein A is an alkali metal, M is a metal or a metalloid, X is a halide, Z is selected from the group consisting of a primary ammonium, an iminium, a secondary ammonium, a tertiary ammonium, and a quaternary ammonium, and Y has formula Mb(L)3, wherein Mb is a transition metal in the 2+ oxidation state L is an N—N neutral chelating ligand. Methods of making the solar cells are also provided, including methods based on electrospray deposition.

A method includes preparing a protected amine compound represented by the following structural formula: wherein the dotted line - - - is a covalent bond or no bond. The method includes the step of, in the presence of superatmospheric CO2: a) intermolecularly reacting an iminium compound with a nucleophile Nu represented by the following structural diagram: or b) intramolecularly reacting an iminium group of an iminium compound represented by the following structural formula, the iminium compound having a nucleophile: with the nucleophile of the iminium compound, thereby forming the protected amine compound.

A method for preparing a bis(alkoxysilylorgano)dicarboxylate includes reacting a haloorganoalkoxysilane, a dimetal salt of a dicarboxyl functional compound, and a phase transfer catalyst. A quaternary iminium compound of a polyaza, polycycloalkene is useful as the phase transfer catalyst. The product may be a bis(alkoxysilylalkyl)fumarate, which is useful as a coupling agent in rubber compositions for tire applications.

The present invention belongs to the field of polymer materials, and particularly relates to a catalyst composition and a terpolymer synthesis method. The catalyst composition comprises a Schiff base trivalent cobalt compound, a Schiff base divalent cobalt compound and a co-catalyst, wherein the Schiff base trivalent cobalt compound is one or a plurality of materials selected from compounds represented by formulas I-III, the Schiff base divalent cobalt compound is one or a plurality of materials selected from compounds represented by formulas IV-VI, and the co-catalyst comprises one or a plurality of materials selected from bis(triphenylphosphine)iminium chloride, 4-dimethylamino pyridine, N-methylimidazole, tricyclohexylphosphine, tetramethylammonium bromide and tetrabutylammonium bromide. According to the present invention, by using the catalyst composition, propylene oxide, carbon dioxide and lactide can be synthesized into the copolymer having the gradual multi-block structure, wherein the glass transition temperature of the copolymer can be up to more than 50 DEG C. The formulas I-VI are defined in the specification.

A fiber useful in the absorption of metal ions from aqueous solutions, the fiber comprising a polyolefin backbone having a diameter of at least 1 micron and having covalently appended on its surface halogen atoms and vinyl-addition polymeric grafts functionalized with metal-binding groups, such as at least one functional group selected from carboxylate, keto, aldo, amino, imino, nitrile, amido, oxime, amidoxime, imide dioxime, and hydroxamate groups. The vinyl-addition polymeric grafts may also be further functionalized with hydrophilic groups different from the metal-binding groups, wherein the hydrophilic groups may be selected from carboxylate, sulfone, sulfonate, phosphonate, alkylammonium, iminium, amide, pyrrolidone, and polyalkyleneglycol groups. Also described are methods for producing the functionalized fibers, and methods for using the functionalized fiber, particularly in extracting metal ions from metal-containing solutions.

The present invention relates to novel electron deficient olefins, such as certain 2-cyanoacrylates and methylidene malonates, prepared using an imine or an iminium salt.

The invention discloses a method for determining the content of a bis-(N, N-bis(dimethylamino)methylene)-iminium chloride catalyst by a nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrum. The method comprises the following specific steps: preparing an internal standard sample solution and detecting the nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrum; adding a bis-(N, N-bis(dimethylamino)methylene)-iminiumchloride sample to be detected, and carrying out nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrum detection; and affiliating each characteristic peak in the nuclear magnetic resonance hydrogen spectrum, determining the characteristic peak of the compound to be detected and the characteristic peak of the internal standard substance, respectively integrating, and substituting the obtained data into a related formula to calculate the content. The method has the advantages of simplicity and convenience in operation, small sampling amount, good reproducibility, high accuracy and the like, and can be used for quickly and accurately quantifying the content of the catalyst required by the synthesis reaction.

There are disclosed an electrophotographic toner including a compound represented by formula (1) and a compound represented by formula (2). In Formula (1), R1, R2, R3, and R4 each independently represent a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group or an aromatic group, and X<-> represents a molybdate anion or a tungstate anion. In Formula (2), R5<+> and R6<+> each independently represent a hydrogen ion, an ammonium ion, an iminium ion, or a phosphonium ion, and R7, R8, R9, R10, R11, R12, R13, and R14 each independently represent a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group.