126 results about "Potassium fluoride" patented technology

The invention discloses a synthesis method of 2, 4, 5-trifluorophenylacetic acid, which comprises the following steps: by taking cheap and easily available o-chloronitrobenzene as a raw material, reacting with sodium nitrate in a sulfuric acid and trifluoroacetic acid system, separating generated 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene through melt crystallization, and continuing to synthesize 2, 4-dinitrochlorobenzene in methyl chloroacetate to obtain 2, 4, 5-trifluorophenylacetic acid. The method comprises the following steps: carrying out indirect aromatic nucleophilic substitution reaction on 2, 4-dinitrophenylacetic acid under the condition of sodium hydride to generate 5-chloro-2, 4-dinitrophenylacetic acid methyl ester, separating, carrying out fluorination reaction on the 5-chloro-2, 4-dinitrophenylacetic acid methyl ester and potassium fluoride under the action of a phase transfer catalyst, carrying out rectification separation to obtain 2, 4, 5-trifluorophenylacetic acid, and carrying out hydrolytic acidification on the 2, 4, 5-trifluorophenylacetic acid in a sodium hydroxide aqueous solution to obtain 2, 4, 5-trifluorophenylacetic acid. And the process route is safer, more environment-friendly, more efficient and lower in cost.

The embodiment of the invention provides a friction material composition, a brake lining, a preparation method of the brake lining, a brake and a vehicle. The friction material composition comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 2-10 parts of a fluoride mixture, 8-15 parts of graphite, 8-12 parts of phenolic resin, 4-12 parts of a metal oxide, 15-40 parts of a fiber material and 20-40 parts of other fillers, wherein the fluoride mixture comprises at least two of calcium fluoride, barium fluoride, cerium fluoride, aluminum fluoride, magnesium fluoride, potassium fluoride, sodium fluoride, beryllium fluoride and manganese fluoride. The brake lining prepared from the friction material composition can solve the problems of high wear rate and heat fading at the same time, the service life of the brake lining is prolonged, and the braking effect is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of monopotassium phosphate production, and discloses a monopotassium phosphate solution purification method and a device thereof.The monopotassium phosphate solution purification method comprises the following steps that S1, a potassium fluoride solution is tempered, S2, activated carbon decoloration is conducted, S3, filter pressing and impurity removal are conducted, S4, heat treatment and sedimentation are conducted, filtrate is heated to 95-105 DEG C and then fed into a heat sedimentation tank for sedimentation separation, and clear liquid overflows to enter a subsequent concentration procedure; the potassium fluoride solution is used for carrying out hardening and tempering reaction, so that calcium and magnesium ions are effectively removed; and adding a small amount of active carbon for decoloration. The treated solution is subjected to filter pressing to remove impurities, and then the steam consumption is remarkably reduced through the closed and pressurized heat treatment and sedimentation process. The process is high in automation degree and low in production cost, and the purity of the final product is superior to the industrial superior product standard.

The application discloses a potassium fluorotantalate crystallization purification method, and relates to the technical field of tantalum hydrometallurgy and fluorotantalate crystallization purification. The method comprises the following steps: filtering a tantalum-containing fluorine acid solution, adding a potassium source and a tantalum-niobium separation type composite crystallization regulator, stirring and complexing, seed induction, controlled cooling crystallization, graded removal of the regulator, solid-liquid separation, and potassium fluoride containing fluorine acid washing to obtain primary purified potassium fluorotantalate crystals, and then redissolving the primary purified potassium fluorotantalate crystals in a fluorine-containing acid solution, correcting the K / Ta molar ratio, repeatedly regulating and crystallizing, graded removal of the regulator, washing, and drying to obtain high-purity potassium fluorotantalate. The regulator can reduce the entrainment of niobium impurities and reduce the residual amount of the regulator itself, thereby improving the purity of the product and the Ta yield.

This invention provides a micro-arc oxidation electrolyte for magnesium alloy surface treatment and a method for preparing a micro-arc oxidation film. The micro-arc oxidation electrolyte is an aqueous solution containing sodium silicate, sodium hydroxide, potassium fluoride, and titanium boron carbon nitride conductive nanoparticles; or, an aqueous solution containing sodium silicate, potassium hydroxide, potassium fluoride, and titanium boron carbon nitride conductive nanoparticles. This invention also discloses a method for preparing a micro-arc oxidation film using the aforementioned micro-arc oxidation electrolyte for magnesium alloy surface treatment. The micro-arc oxidation electrolyte of this invention contains conductive ceramic nanoparticles—titanium boron carbon nitride conductive nanoparticles. Using these nanoparticles to perform a micro-arc oxidation reaction on the magnesium alloy surface can improve the microstructure of the micro-arc oxidation film, while simultaneously enhancing the corrosion resistance and wear resistance of the magnesium alloy after micro-arc oxidation treatment, significantly improving the surface protection capability of the magnesium alloy, and extending its service life.

The application discloses a methyl sulfonate derivative and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) adding carboxylic acid, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and potassium fluoride (KF) into a pressure-resistant reaction bottle, and heating at 180 DEG C for 6 hours through an oil bath; (2) after the reaction is completed, the obtained substance is extracted with ethyl acetate for three times, the organic layer is washed with water for two times in sequence, the washed organic layer is dried with anhydrous sodium sulfate, filtration is conducted, and a filtrate is obtained; (3) the obtained filtrate is concentrated under reduced pressure, the concentrated residue is separated and purified by using a silica gel column chromatography, and the methyl sulfonate derivative is obtained. The preparation method directly uses KF to catalyze the reaction of carboxylic acid and DMSO, does not need to use complex substrates, noble metal catalysts and phosphorus ligands, and has the advantages of simple operation, greenness, low cost and high yield (up to 92%).

This application relates to the field of synthesis technology of lithium-ion battery electrolyte additives, specifically to a synthesis process of 1,3-propanedisulfonyl fluoride. The synthesis process includes the following steps: S1. Adding 1,3-propanedisulfonyl chloride and potassium fluoride to a reaction vessel; S2. Adding distilled water as a reaction solvent to the reaction vessel and refluxing under stirring; S3. After the reaction solution has settled and separated into layers, separating and collecting the oil phase, adding toluene and activated carbon to the oil phase, and refluxing for decolorization; S4. Performing a first crystallization treatment on the decolorized solution, followed by filtration, and washing the filter cake obtained from the filtration; S5. Collecting the filtrate obtained after the first washing and performing a second crystallization treatment, followed by filtration again; S6. Vacuum drying the filter cake obtained in steps S4 and S5 to obtain 1,3-propanedisulfonyl fluoride. This application features mild reaction conditions, simple operation, low cost, and environmental friendliness.

The invention discloses a low-melting-point high-transference-number electrolyte material for a fluorine ion thermal battery and a preparation method thereof.The preparation method comprises the steps that lithium fluoride, sodium fluoride and potassium fluoride are mixed in proportion and subjected to first calcination treatment for 4-6 h at the temperature of 500-600 DEG C, an obtained product is rapidly cooled, and powdery ternary fluoride eutectic salt is obtained; mixing cesium fluoride with the ternary fluoride eutectic salt in proportion, performing secondary calcination heat treatment for 4-6 hours at the temperature of 600-700 DEG C, and then quickly cooling to obtain powdery quaternary fluoride eutectic salt; and mixing the quaternary fluoride eutectic salt with magnesium oxide of which the mass is 0.8-1.2 times that of the quaternary fluoride eutectic salt, carrying out third calcination treatment at 400-600 DEG C for 3-5 hours, and then rapidly cooling and crushing. By adding the high-atomic-number cation salt, the fluorine ion transference number of the fused salt is improved, the multi-element eutectic salt is obtained, the salt melting point is reduced, the working temperature range of the fluorine ion thermal battery is widened, and the specific energy of the battery is improved.

The present application relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, and specifically discloses a method for recycling fluorine from copper smelting flue gas, which comprises the following steps: adding water glass with a certain concentration into flue gas scrubbing liquid in a certain proportion, obtaining waste acid original solution by power wave scrubber, adding potassium permanganate into the waste acid original solution, obtaining transformation slag and post-transformation liquid, adding water and alkaline compounds into the transformation slag for hydrolysis, obtaining neutralization liquid, adding oxidizing agent and reducing agent into the neutralization liquid, obtaining purification slag and post-purification liquid, obtaining crude potassium fluoride crystal by concentrating and crystallizing the post-purification liquid, and obtaining refined potassium fluoride crystal and post-recrystallization liquid by recrystallizing the crude potassium fluoride crystal. The method can recycle most of the fluorine-containing pollutants in the copper smelting flue gas, and convert them into potassium fluoride, an important industrial product, which not only solves the corrosion of fluorine to process equipment and the pollution to the environment, but also greatly improves the economic benefits of enterprises.

The invention discloses a preparation method of high-purity 2-fluoroethanol, and particularly relates to the technical field of preparation of 2-fluoroethanol, which comprises the following steps: S1, in a dual-catalyst system consisting of a phase transfer catalyst and a Lewis acid catalyst and an organic solvent, carrying out fluoridation reaction on 2-chloroethanol and anhydrous potassium fluoride at 60-120 DEG C for 2-10 hours to obtain 2-chloroethanol; and S2, sequentially carrying out integrated purification of filtration, reduced pressure distillation, adsorption treatment and rectification on the reaction mixture. According to the invention, through synergistic activation and mass transfer of double catalysts, the reaction rate and selectivity are significantly improved, the water segregator is utilized to remove reaction water to push equilibrium movement, the conversion rate is improved, and water and impurities are systematically removed by virtue of composite adsorption and precise rectification of molecular sieves and activated carbon, so that high-quality 2-fluoroethanol with high purity and low moisture is finally obtained. The whole preparation process is mild in condition, high in yield, good in safety and suitable for industrial production.

The application provides a preparation method of fluoroethylene carbonate. The method comprises the following steps: uniformly mixing potassium fluoride, a novel solid base catalyst and an organic solvent, then adding chloroethylene carbonate to perform fluorination reaction; after the reaction is completed, the obtained reaction liquid is filtered and distilled to obtain a crude product, and the obtained crude product is subjected to rectification and crystallization to obtain fluoroethylene carbonate; the novel solid base catalyst is composed of a magnesium-aluminum composite oxide coated magnetic nano Fe3O4 carrier and a double-metal fluoride, and the double metal in the double-metal fluoride is a combination of Rb and Co. Compared with the prior art, the application has the following prominent points: (1) less solvent can be used for reaction, and the reaction condition is mild; (2) high selectivity, high activity, less side reaction and high product yield; (3) simple post-treatment, the solvent can be recycled after being evaporated, the generation of three wastes is less, and the industrial production is green and environmentally friendly.

The present application relates to the technical field of lithium ion battery recycling, in particular to a method for stripping lithium ion battery pole piece and application thereof. The method for stripping lithium ion battery pole piece comprises: immersing the pole piece into a mixed solution containing a stripping agent and a stripping aid for reaction, and obtaining the separated active material layer and the current collector layer after a period of time; the stripping agent comprises a carboxylic acid containing at least two carboxyl groups; the stripping aid comprises at least one of sodium fluoride, potassium fluoride, ammonium fluoride, phosphoric acid, sodium phosphate, monosodium phosphate, sodium metaphosphate, potassium phosphate, monopotassium phosphate, potassium metaphosphate, ammonium phosphate, disodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, tetrasodium ethylenediaminetetraacetate, inositol hexaphosphate and its salt, inositol pentaphosphate and its salt, inositol tetraphosphate and its salt, and inositol triphosphate and its salt. The method can realize the separation of the active material and the current collector, the hydrogen production amount is small during the whole stripping process, the current collector obtained after stripping is intact, the separation time is short, and the separation efficiency is high.

The invention relates to the technical field of metal welding, and discloses a memory alloy welding process, which comprises surface treatment, solder preparation, welding and post-treatment, a matching device comprises a precision positioning clamp, a dynamic gas protection module and an online quality detection system, and the specific operation steps are as follows. And surface treatment: selecting the memory alloy, placing the memory alloy in a high-temperature molten salt bath mixed with chloride (such as copper chloride) and fluoride (such as potassium fluoride), and carrying out chemical cleaning on the surface of the memory alloy. According to the memory alloy welding process, chlorides (such as copper chloride) and fluorides (such as potassium fluoride) are mixed in the high-temperature molten salt bath to perform chemical cleaning on the surface of the memory alloy, an oxidation film is thoroughly removed, meanwhile, impurities are prevented from being introduced, argon is injected into a welding area in the welding process, the welding area is driven to form an oxygen-free state, and the welding quality of the memory alloy is improved. An anaerobic state can be effectively created, and heat input is accurately controlled to maintain the stability of a crystal structure.

Provided is a device for producing an electrolyte solution for fluorine gas production having a low vapor pressure of hydrogen fluoride gas. An electrolyte solution production device (1) is provided with: an anode (3) having a nickel electrode (31) and a carbon electrode (32); a cathode having a metal electrode; and an electrolyte solution production tank (2) capable of accommodating a liquid to be treated (8) containing potassium fluoride and hydrogen fluoride and performing electrolytic treatment of the liquid to be treated (8) using the anode (3) and the cathode (4). The electrolyte solution production device (1) has a configuration capable of applying a direct current to both the nickel electrode (31) and the carbon electrode (32).

The invention discloses a graphite base with a tantalum carbide coating and a preparation method of the graphite base. Belongs to the technical field of graphite bases. The preparation method comprises the following steps: ball-milling and mixing coating raw materials consisting of chloride, fluoride, a tantalum source and a sintering aid to obtain a raw material mixture; the pretreated graphite base and the raw material mixture are subjected to normal-pressure sintering for 2-10 h at the temperature of 1000-1300 DEG C; wherein the chlorides are selected from more than two of lithium chloride, sodium chloride, potassium chloride and calcium chloride; the fluoride is selected from sodium fluoride and / or potassium fluoride; the tantalum source is one or more of elemental tantalum, tantalum carbide and tantalum oxide; the sintering aid is selected from one or more of boron oxide, boron carbide and sodium borate. The preparation steps are simple, the temperature and pressure requirements are low, the raw material composition is simple, the binding force between the coating and the base in the obtained graphite base with the tantalum carbide coating is high, the coating purity is high, the crystallinity is high, and the performance is excellent.

The utility model relates to an automatic potassium fluoride feeding device, which belongs to the field of potassium fluoride production equipment and comprises a feeding device, a first stock bin, a second stock bin, a first communicating pipe, a lifting pump, a lifting pipe, a first storage bin, a spiral feeder, a second storage bin, a spiral feeder discharging pipe and a measuring bin. Materials are fed into the first stock bin and the second stock bin by the feeding device according to types and enter the first storage bin from the first communicating pipe, the lifting pump and the lifting pipe, the materials are subjected to a preliminary reaction in the first storage bin, and the materials subjected to the preliminary reaction are conveyed into the metering bin through the spiral feeder to be weighed and treated; and the second storage bin is used for mixing and reacting other materials required by production, and the materials can enter the metering bin to be mixed with the materials in the first storage bin, so that the feeding and production efficiency of potassium fluoride is effectively improved.

The invention provides a surface treatment method which is suitable for a metal base material, and the metal base material is provided with an appearance surface. The surface treatment method includes the following steps. The method comprises the following steps of: firstly, performing surface sand blasting treatment on the appearance surface to form a sand blasting surface; then, an electrolyte is matched, and micro-arc oxidation treatment is performed on the sand blasting surface, so that a micro-arc oxidation surface is formed. Then, forming a coating to cover the micro-arc oxidation surface; wherein the electrolyte comprises the following components: sodium phosphate, sodium silicate, sodium aluminate, potassium fluoride, potassium hydroxide, ammonium vanadate, potassium vanadate, disodium ethylene diamine tetraacetate (Na2EDTA) and sodium tetraborate.

The invention relates to a process for recovering an electrolyte and co-producing potassium hexafluorophosphate, which comprises the following steps: 1) taking the electrolyte, adding potassium fluoride and potassium carbonate solid, stirring for 0.5-1.5 hours at room temperature, and then stirring for 4-6 hours at 40-50 DEG C; 2) after stirring is finished, carrying out solid-liquid separation, and recovering the solvent from the obtained filtrate in a rectification manner; 3) performing solid-liquid separation to obtain a solid, adding acetonitrile, and stirring at 20-25 DEG C for 30-60 minutes; 4) after stirring, filtering and washing to obtain a lithium fluoride solid; and carrying out rotary evaporation on the obtained filtrate at 60-70 DEG C to obtain a crude potassium hexafluorophosphate solid. According to the process, a step-by-step extraction and hydrolysis process route is adopted, operation is easy, industrial production is easy to achieve, energy consumption and cost are reduced, and the potassium hexafluorophosphate solid is produced while the electrolyte is recycled; and guidance is provided for electrolyte recovery and potassium hexafluorophosphate synthesis in the future.

The invention belongs to the technical field of inorganic non-metallic materials, and particularly relates to a potassium yttrium pentafluoride compound as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method of the yttrium potassium pentafluoride compound provided by the invention comprises the following steps: dropwise adding ammonia water into a rare earth nitrate solution to adjust the pH value to 6-10, and carrying out heat preservation and aging to obtain a precipitate A; rare earth nitrate in the rare earth nitrate solution comprises yttrium nitrate; mixing the precipitate A, sodium fluoride and water, and performing hydrothermal reaction to obtain a precipitate B; and mixing the precipitate B and potassium fluoride, and sequentially carrying out grinding and heat treatment to obtain the yttrium potassium pentafluoride compound. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing rare earth layered hydroxide powder (precipitate A) through an ammonia dropping method, continuously carrying out a hydrothermal reaction to prepare a sodium yttrium tetrafluoride compound precursor, and then preparing the potassium yttrium pentafluoride compound through a grinding and sintering method. The preparation method provided by the invention is simple in process, mild in reaction condition and simple and convenient to operate.

The embodiment of the invention discloses a method for preparing potassium fluohafnate. The method comprises the following steps: S1, reacting hafnium tetrachloride with a fluorine source to obtain hafnium tetrafluoride; the fluorine source is potassium fluoride; and S2, reacting hafnium tetrafluoride with potassium fluoride to obtain potassium hafnium fluoride. According to the method disclosed by the embodiment of the invention, efficient synthesis of K2HfF6 is realized by optimizing reaction conditions and paths, the process flow is simple, the process conditions are easy to control, the product purity is high, no harmful gas escapes, and the method is suitable for industrial amplification and has a good application prospect in the field of industrial preparation of potassium fluohafnate.

The invention relates to the technical field of electric power fittings, and provides a high-strength strain clamp which comprises a clamp body, and a preparation method of the clamp body comprises the following steps: refining molten aluminum, adding a mixture of a fine grain agent and fluorinated alumina whiskers, casting, and carrying out heat treatment to obtain the clamp body; in the mixture of the fine grain agent and the fluorinated alumina whisker, the fine grain agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of titanium nitride, 5-10 parts of nano aluminum powder and 10-20 parts of potassium fluoride, and the fluorinated alumina whisker is obtained by fluorinating alumina whisker with hydrofluoric acid. According to the technical scheme, the problem that the tensile strength of a strain clamp aluminum alloy material is low in the prior art is solved.

The application discloses a kind of feeding mechanism of potassium fluoride, it is related to feed conveying technical field, including feed storage bin, feed inlet and first motor, the top outer wall of feed storage bin is provided with feed inlet, first motor is provided above feed storage bin, the output end of first motor is connected with rotating rod, rotating rod is inserted with cleaning assembly top end, cleaning assembly bottom end is penetrated into feed storage bin, the bottom of cleaning assembly is fixed with threaded feed rod, the top end lateral wall of cleaning assembly is connected with moving assembly, bottom is fixed with the outer wall of feed storage bin, auxiliary assembly is connected on the lateral wall of feed storage bin;The cleaning assembly and moving assembly of being set, so that staff can utilize original first motor and cleaning assembly and moving assembly cooperate to clean potassium fluoride on the inner wall of feed storage bin comprehensively, ensure that inner wall will not adhere potassium fluoride, will not affect preparation efficiency, simultaneously ensure that residual potassium fluoride will not make toxic gas to air.

This invention provides a method for preparing phenyl-substituted 2-methyl-1H-indene derivatives via Stille coupling reaction, comprising: reacting brominated 2-methyl-1H-indene, trialkylphenyltin, palladium catalyst, and additives in an organic solvent; and after post-treatment following reaction to obtain the phenyl-substituted 2-methyl-1H-indene derivatives; wherein the trialkylphenyltin is at least one of trimethylphenyltin and tributylphenyltin; the palladium catalyst is at least one of Pd(PPh3)4, Pd2(dba)3, and Pd(dba)2; the additive is at least one of lithium chloride, cesium fluoride, and potassium fluoride; and the organic solvent is at least one of DMF, 1,4-dioxane, and NMP. This invention uses brominated 2-methyl-1H-indene and trialkylphenyltin as raw materials, and prepares the target product by reaction in an organic solvent in the presence of a palladium catalyst and additives. It exhibits good substrate adaptability and is simple to operate.

A method for the resource utilization of potassium chloride and potassium fluoride mixed salts, byproducts of polyfluorinated nitrobenzene (PFN) reactions, belongs to the field of resource utilization of potassium salts byproducts of fluorination reactions. The method is characterized by the following preparation steps: 1) removing organic pollutants from the mixed salts through heat treatment to obtain inorganic mixed salts; 2) dissolving the inorganic mixed salts in a solvent to obtain an inorganic mixed salt solution, evaporating and concentrating the solution, cooling and crystallizing, and filtering to separate primary potassium chloride solid and a mixed filtrate; 3) adding a defluorinating agent to the mixed filtrate to obtain precipitated sodium fluoride product and potassium chloride solution; 4) preparing a potassium chloride solution by dissolving the primary potassium chloride solid in distilled water and performing bipolar membrane electrodialysis to obtain a dilute KOH solution; 5) concentrating the KOH solution and then introducing HF gas to prepare potassium fluoride. This invention obtains sodium fluoride, potassium fluoride, and potassium chloride products through salt separation technology and bipolar membrane electrodialysis technology, realizing the separation, purification, and recycling of potassium and fluorine resources.

Wet etch formulations and techniques for selectively removing a metallic hard-mask layer and post plasma etch residue / polymer addressing both the back end and front end of the line semiconductor processing applications are disclosed. In some embodiments, titanium (Ti) or titanium nitride (TiN) hard-mask layer and post-plasma etch residue / polymer is removed. These formulations can selectively remove metallic hard-masks comprising Ti and / or TiN while exhibiting near infinite compatibility towards exposed and underlying materials such as inner layer dielectric, insulating materials, oxides, and other metals. Three key applications are disclosed: Ti / TiN hard-mask and post plasma etch residue / polymer are removed while Cu, W, or Al are exposed to the wet etch formulation. The wet etch cleaning solution comprises fluorine-based components such as ammonium fluoride and hydrofluoric acid, organic bases such as tetramethylammonium hydroxide, inorganic bases and salts such as potassium hydroxide and potassium fluoride, hydrogen peroxide, hydrogen peroxide stabilizers, and a mixture of organic corrosion inhibitors.

The invention discloses a method for synthesizing a camptothecin chiral precursor with high enantioselectivity, and belongs to the field of organic synthesis. In the invention, the preparation of a chiral precursor amide compound of camptothecin comprises the following steps: synthesizing corresponding aryl (E)-2-ethylbutyl-2-olefine acid ester, mixing the aryl (E)-2-ethylbutyl-2-olefine acid ester with a phase transfer catalyst derived from cinchona alkaloid in an organic solvent, sequentially adding acid, potassium permanganate and a small amount of potassium fluoride solution for reaction, and after the reaction is finished, performing suction filtration to obtain the chiral precursor amide compound of camptothecin. Carrying out amine ester exchange with diethylamine; and evaporating the solvent, and quickly purifying by using a silica gel column to obtain the camptothecin precursor chiral amide compound with high enantioselectivity. The invention aims at providing a new thought and a new method for total synthesis of camptothecin based on a camptothecin chiral precursor reported in literatures, and broadens a synthesis route for synthesizing camptothecin.

The present invention relates to a composite pane (100) at least comprising: an outer pane (1) and an inner pane (2), which are connected to one another by means of a thermoplastic intermediate layer (3); a masking layer (4) provided in a first sub-region (A) of the composite pane (100); and a reflective coating (5) provided on the interior-side surface (IV) of the inner pane (2), wherein the reflective coating (5) is provided in a second sub-region (B) of the composite pane (100) which, in a perpendicular view through the composite pane (100), lies completely in the first sub-region (A). Starting from the interior-side surface (IV) of the inner pane (2), the reflective coating (5) consists, in the specified order, of: a base layer (6) having a refractive index of greater than 1.9 and a thickness of 30 nm to 100 nm; a functional layer (7) consisting of, in an alternating layer sequence, optically high-refraction layers (9) having a refractive index of greater than 1.9 and a thickness of between 50 nm and 150 nm and optically low-refraction layers (10) having a refractive index of less than 1.6 and a thickness of 50 nm to 150 nm; and a cover layer (8) having a refractive index of less than 1.6 and a thickness of 10 nm to 150 nm, the cover layer being based on silicon oxide, doped silicon oxide, magnesium fluoride or potassium fluoride. The alternating layer sequence of the functional layer (7) begins with an optically high-refraction layer (9) immediately adjacent to the base layer (6) and ends with an optically low-refraction layer (10) immediately adjacent to the cover layer (8), and the functional layer (7) comprises at least three optically high-refraction layers (9) and at least three optically low-refraction layers (10).

The invention discloses a preparation method of potassium hexafluoroaluminate, which effectively reduces the energy consumption in the reaction process, and comprises the following steps: S1, reaction: reacting a potassium fluoride aqueous solution and an aluminum chloride aqueous solution in an aqueous solution system, and controlling the reaction process in two temperature stages, in the first stage, adding part of the aluminum chloride solution at a first preset temperature, and in the second stage, adding the rest of the aluminum chloride solution at a second preset temperature higher than the first preset temperature and completing the reaction to obtain a potassium hexafluoroaluminate suspension; the potassium hexafluoroaluminate turbid liquid obtained in the step S1 is subjected to solid-liquid separation and gradient drying, and a potassium hexafluoroaluminate product is obtained.The potassium hexafluoroaluminate preparation method is novel in structure, ingenious in conception and easy and convenient to operate, the reaction process is effectively safer and more controllable, the probability that equipment is corroded is reduced, the reaction progress is optimized, the production efficiency is improved, and the production cost is reduced. And stable product quality is obtained.

The invention discloses a method for preparing optically active 2-fluoropropionate. The method comprises the following steps: step 1, preparing nitrobenzenesulfonyl fluoride; step 2, synthesizing 2-fluoropropionate with optical activity; the raw material nitrobenzenesulfonyl chloride can be conveniently prepared through a sulfonation reaction of substituted aromatic hydrocarbon, potassium fluoride, (S)-(-)-lactate and the like are commercialized bulk chemicals, the purchase channel is wide, the price is low, and the industrial production cost is remarkably reduced. According to the method, the use of a dangerous fluorinating reagent HF is avoided, and the reaction solvent can be recycled and reused; the water phase generated in the reaction in the first step can be recycled after potassium fluoride is supplemented, and the nitrobenzene sulfonate byproduct generated in the reaction in the second step can be recycled for preparing nitrobenzene sulfonyl chloride, so that the resource circulation is realized, and the emission of three wastes is greatly reduced.

There is provided a method for producing trifluoroamine oxide. The method includes a step of preparing an intermediate product by simultaneously providing and reacting nitrogen trifluoride and nitrous oxide under the presence of a SbF5 reaction activator; and a step of producing trifluoroamine oxide by reacting the intermediate product with potassium fluoride. The step of reacting the intermediate product with potassium fluoride is performed under atmospheric pressure and room temperature.