The invention relates to a piece of surface enhanced raman detection test paper and the application thereof, which belong to the technical field of ultra-sensitive test analysis, in particular to the piece of surface enhanced raman detection test paper and the application of the paper to detection of biological or chemical probe molecules with raman signals. The surface enhanced raman detection test paper is obtained by covering a precious metal layer on the surface of paper with a natural fiber micro nano multi-grade structure through the physical vapor deposition or chemical plating technology, the paper can be filter paper, parchment paper, napkin, newspaper or printing paper and the like, the precious metal film is gold or silver and the like, and the thickness of the precious metal film is 5 nanometers to 90 nanometers. Combined action of size, period and roughness enables incident light to generate a local electric field on the surface of a multi-stage structure and enables the electric field to be enhanced, and the detection limit can reach 10-10mol/L. The test paper has the advantages of being good in flexibility, low in cost, free of environment pollution, capable of being prepared in batch and the like, thereby being capable of being used in detection of probe molecules such as rhodamine 6G, p-aminothiophenol, riboflavin or ethanol and the like.