648results about How to "Effective estimate" patented technology

In a wireless communication system, a method and apparatus for closed loop transmission is disclosed. In accordance with the preferred embodiment of the present invention, a time frequency portion of an uplink frame is dynamically reserved as a sounding zone for uplink channel sounding. A first message is transmitted to a first subscriber station in a downlink frame assigning a time-frequency resource within the sounding zone, and a sounding waveform. Furthermore, a signal is received from the subscriber station within the assigned time-frequency resource, a partial channel response is determined from the received sounding signal, and the subsequent transmission to the subscriber station is tailored based on the at least partial channel response.

Disclosed are an apparatus and a method for generating a preamble signal for cell identification in an OFDM mobile communication system. The method includes the steps of generating a Walsh code symbol for a cell identification by combining Walsh codewords having a predetermined length and generating the preamble signal through multiplying the Walsh code symbol by a pseudo noise (PN) code having a length identical to a length of the Walsh code symbol.

Methods and apparatus are provided for beamforming and information feedback are provided. Signals for beams to be transmitted through corresponding antenna ports, are generated. The beams are formed by precoding the signals with beamforming vectors. The beams are sorted into a number of resource reuse groups based on a resource that is to be shared. The beams are transmitted, using resources allocated per group, to a receiver. Feedback information is generated on at least one antenna port, based on the received beams. The feedback information is transmitted to the transmitter. A beam is selected having a greatest gain for a transmitter using the feedback information. A transmission resource is allocated for the selected beam.

Systems and methods are disclosed for identifying a mass-customized part by encoding a part identification into a multi-dimensional bar code; and using a stereolithography apparatus (SLA) to make the part with multi-dimensional bar code embedded therein.

The invention provides a face-based automatic demographics classification system that is robust to pose changes of the target faces and to accidental scene variables, by using a pose-independent facial image representation which comprises multiple pose-dependent facial appearance models. Given a sequence of people's faces in a scene, the two-dimensional variations are estimated and corrected using a novel machine learning based method. We estimate the three-dimensional pose of the people, using a machine learning based approach. The face tracking module keeps the identity of the person using geometric and appearance cues, where multiple appearance models are built based on the poses of the faces. Each separately built pose-dependent facial appearance model is fed to the demographics classifier, which is trained using only the faces having the corresponding pose. The classification scores from the set of pose-dependent classifiers are aggregated to determine the final face category, such as gender, age, and ethnicity.

A method of particle beam lithography includes selecting at least two cell patterns from a stencil, correcting proximity effect by dose control and by pattern modification for the at least two cell patterns, and writing the at least cell two patterns by one shot of the particle beam after proximity effect correction (PEC).

The invention relates to a fading frequency estimating apparatus that performs a predetermined signal processing on a radio frequency signal that arrives through a radio transmission channel, to estimate a frequency of fading occurring on the radio transmission channel. An object of the present invention is to quickly and accurately estimate a fading frequency without need to use a very complicated structure. The fading frequency estimating apparatus includes a frequency analyzing section obtaining at two instances a frequency spectrum of a sequence of differences in instantaneous values of envelop of signals that chronologically arrive through the radio transmission channel, the two instances apart from each other with an interval necessary for a characteristic of the radio transmission channel to be steady, and it includes an estimating section estimating a frequency of fading to be such a frequency that the magnitude of the frequency spectrum is to be maximum.

The invention discloses a depth camera-based visual mileometer design method. The method comprises the following steps of acquiring the color image information and the depth image information in the environment by a depth camera; extracting feature points in an initial key frame and in all the rest image frames; tracking the position of each feature point in the current frame based on the optical flow method so as to find out feature point pairs; according to the number of actual feature points and the region size of the overlapped regions of feature points in two successive frames, selectively adopting the sparse direct method or the feature point method to figure out relative positions and postures between two frames; based on the depth information of a depth image, figuring out the 3D point coordinates of the feature points of the key frame in a world coordinate system based on the combination of relative positions and postures between two frames; conducting the point cloud splicing on the key frame during another process, and constructing a map. The method combines the sparse direct method and the feature point method, so that the real-time performance and the robustness of the visual mileometer are improved.

A system and method detect symbols of a modulated signal received via a plurality of channels of a wireless communications system. A symbol transmitted via the channels is initially estimated based on the channel estimate from either pilot symbol or previously estimated symbol, and then channel estimate is updated. The next estimate of the symbol is computed by using updated channel information and maximizing the expectation of the log likelihood function. The next estimate is then quantized according to the signal constellation. The quantized estimate of the symbol is compared with the previous estimate of the symbol to determine if the previous estimate of the symbol and the quantized next estimate of the symbol have converged. Otherwise, the quantized next estimate of the symbol is made as the input for the next iteration, and the updating, optimizing, quantizing, and comparing are repeated until the estimate converges.

At the start of a process, an information presenting section presents information expressed by a solution vector, while an auxiliary information presenting section presents information for facilitating comparative evaluation of multiple pieces of information being presented simultaneously. Based on these pieces of information, the user evaluates each solution vector. A model estimation executing section generates an evaluation model for an adjustment process from a user evaluation history, and thereafter, a model evaluation calculating section performs evaluation using the evaluation model. A fitness calculating section calculates fitness from the evaluation made by the user or by the model, and in accordance with the thus calculated fitness, a recombination operation section performs an arithmetical recombination operation. The above process is iteratively performed to carry out optimum adjustment of solution vectors.

A video encoding / decoding method and apparatus is disclosed that can efficiently compress / decompress motion vectors in a video codec including a hierarchical temporal level decomposition process. The video encoding method including a hierarchical temporal level decomposition process involves obtaining a predicted motion vector of a second frame, which exists at a present temporal level, from a first motion vector of a first frame that exists at a lower temporal level; obtaining a second motion vector of the second frame by performing a motion estimation in a predetermined motion search area using the predicted motion vector as a start point; and encoding the second frame using the obtained second motion vector.

Disclosure is a method for detecting the safety driving state of a driver, the method comprises the following steps: (a) detecting the current sight direction of a driver in real time and acquiring a scene image signal in a front view field of the driver when a vehicle runs; (b) processing the acquired current road scene image signal according to a visual attention calculation model to obtain the expected attention distribution of the driver under the current road scene; and (c) performing fusion analysis on the real-time detected current sight direction of the driver in the step (a) and the calculated expected attention distribution of the driver in step (b), and judging whether the current driver is in a normal driving state and whether the driver can timely make a proper response to the sudden road traffic accident. The device is used for implementing the method and has the advantages of simple principle, easy realization, direct reflection of the real driving state of a driver, and improvement of the driving safety.

The invention discloses a signal channel estimating method, which is used for reducing the number of pilot frequencies through compressive sensing in a mobile broadband communicating system, is realized by reducing the required number of pilot frequency symbols in the signal channel estimation of the system as well as on the basis of the principle that the compressive sensing technique can recover sparse signals with less measuring values and the sparse characteristic of the signal channel of the mobile broadband communicating system, and can ensure the signal channel estimation performance of the system. The signal channel estimating method can well solve the defect in the prior art that the sparse characteristic of the signal channel is not considered in the signal channel estimating ways of the prior art and consequently more pilot frequencies consumption is required, and improves the traditional methods as follows: by utilizing the sparse signal channel characteristic, a new signal channel estimating method is designed to reduce the number of pilot frequencies, greatly reduce the energy consumption of the system and ensure effective signal channel estimation. The signal channel estimating method has well popularization and application prospect.

A method is provided for efficiently characterizing rock traversed while drilling a borehole for hydrocarbon reservoir development. A rock sample can be obtained having a provenance of collection linked to a specific region of the borehole, which is scanned to obtain a 2D digital image that is segmented to pixels characterized as pore space and as mineral matrix and defining a boundary between them. A transform relationship, for example, a form of the Kozeny-Carman equation adapted for application to a 2D segmented image environment, can be applied to calculate the estimated value for a target rock property, which can be absolute permeability, relative permeability, formation factor, elasticity, bulk modulus, shear modulus, compressional velocity, shear velocity, electrical resistivity, or capillary pressure, and the estimated value is used to characterize the rock at that region of the borehole. This affords an opportunity to quickly and efficiently develop massive data directly characterizing extended regions of rock, whether traversed by the borehole in this or a related well. Computerized systems, computer readable media, and programs for performing the methods are also provided.

The present invention provides a way to more effectively estimate energy usage by devices such as servers, including traditional mainframes as well as other enterprise systems. One core idea surrounds the fact that when detailed power consumption information is unavailable for a specific configuration, power consumption is computed / projected / estimated by de-rating the maximum power rating by a power adjustment factor that would more closely project the true power consumption. Under this approach, the power consumption is then provided as a range specifying probable expected lower and upper limits for a given device. This range is more meaningful for planning and decision-making and shows the client a more likely best and worst case energy consumption scenario for their specific device(s), and hence is helpful for planning or server comparison decisions. Cooling, energy costs, energy efficiency, and energy expanded per MIPS are also projected and given as a range instead of a single number. This gives the IT decision maker more accurate information upon which to base IT decision-making.

A channel calculation method for communication system of orthogonal frequency division multiplexing includes 1) creating OFDM pilot frequency signal for channel calculation by system emitter with thesignal including two parts of the pilot frequency insert mode and the pilot frequency value selection as well as to convert it to be the pilot frequency signal of time domain through inverse Fourier transformation, 2) transmitting the pilot frequency signal of time domain at radio multipath fading channel and 3) obtaining pilot frequency signal of frequency domain by changing the pilot frequency signal of time domain through Fourier transformation with system receiver and to carry on channel calculation for radio channel as obtaining calculation value of subchannel existed with the pilot frequency signal first by LMMSE calculation

A method and apparatus for determining electrical parameters for commissioning a sensor-less permanent magnet synchronous machine uses knowledge of the rotor position to apply balanced pulses along the rotor magnet axis and perpendicular to the rotor magnet axis allowing measurement of q- and d-inductance at multiple current levels without substantial rotor movement.

A digital signal is organized in consecutive data trains each comprising a predetermined number of successive symbols, each of said data trains comprising at least two distinct reference blocks for the estimation of said channel, distributed among the useful symbols representing the source signal to be transmitted, each of said reference blocks being formed by at least one reference symbol known to the receiver and / or identifiable by said receiver. The reference symbols present in the reference blocks may be explicit reference symbols that are fixed and known a priori by said receiver and / or implicit reference symbols produced by the links generated between the useful symbols by an encoding operation. Also disclosed are channel estimation methods implementing an estimation-maximization algorithm and / or using a combination of predetermined basic functions, with a bandwidth greater than or equal to the Doppler power spectrum of said signal.

The invention provides a temporal-spatial joint filtering high-resolution DOA (Direction of Arrival) estimation method based on a compressed sensing technology. The method comprises the following steps: (1) acoustic pressure vibration velocity joint temporal filtering, to be specific, carrying out rotating combination on the data of an acoustic vector sensor, and utilizing differences in the corresponding properties of a signal and noise to carry out denoising processing; (2) matrix spatial filtering, to be specific, carrying out spatial filtering on the temporally filtered data by a matrix spatial filter of which the maximum value of the mean square error of attenuation in a stop-band and a passband is minimum; and (3) compressed sensing DOA estimation by the array of the acoustic vector sensor, to be specific, receiving data and a manually formed spatial over-complete redundance dictionary via an input array preprocessed by temporal filtering, and seeking the sparse representation of the signal to carry out vector spatial spectrum estimation. The method has great spectral resolution capability in the high-resolution DOA estimation problem of a high-speed motion target under single snapshot conditions and is insensitive to the wideband and narrowband properties and coherent properties of the signal.

Disclosed are improved methods, systems, and computer program products for predicting performance, manufacturability, and reliability (PMR) using concurrent model analyses for electronic designs. Various embodiments of the present invention disclose a method for predicting PMR with concurrent process model analysis in which a method with concurrent model(s) generate a design for the one or more layers in the electronic circuit. The method then analyzes the impact of the processes or techniques for feature geometric characteristic predictions or PMR evaluations, based upon the concurrent models. Results may be reported to the users, or the method may modify the designs to accommodate the variations and determines one or more parameters based upon the concurrent models. One embodiment determines the impact of concurrent model on one or more of performance, manufacturability, and reliability criteria.

An apparatus for removing a noise of a video signal is disclosed, by which a noise level can be effectively estimated to enhance an image quality of the video signal, by which the noise can be removed in a manner of effectively estimating a noise level though motion adaptive filtering, and by which blurring is prevented in the process of removing the noises. The present invention includes a temporal noise level estimation unit estimating a level of a temporal noise included in the video signal using a difference between two temporally consecutive videos, a noise correction unit correcting a noise estimated by the temporal noise level estimation unit, and a noise removal unit removing the noise included in the video signal using a level of the corrected noise.

The invention discloses a direction-of-arrival estimation method based on sample covariance matrix sparsity, and relates to the field of array signal processing. The method comprises the steps that firstly, dimensionality reduction is carried out on a covariance matrix, receiving signals, of a radar antenna array, and the covariance matrix, receiving the signals, of the radar antenna array is obtained after dimensionality reduction; secondly, a sparse vector cost function based on sparse constraints is built according to the covariance matrix after dimensionality reduction; thirdly, the sparse vector cost function based on the sparse constraints is constructed to be the mode suitable for convex programming package solving, and a sparse vector is solved according to the mode of convex programming package solving; fourthly, a non-zero element in the sparse vector is determined as a target azimuth angle, and the target azimuth angle is a target arrival direction. The method mainly solves the problems that in the prior art, known noise power is needed, and the calculated amount is large, and the method is mainly used for scenes of array signal processing.

The present invention pertains to a method and device for preserving mobility information in terminal state transition and effectively re-accessing in a heterogeneous cell network in a mobile communication system. A method for estimating a mobility state of a terminal in a mobile communication system according to one embodiment of the present invention may comprise the steps of: receiving, by the terminal, system information from a serving cell during an idle state; calculating mobility state information by using the received system information; storing the mobility state information; and transmitting the mobility state information to a base station when the terminal is connected to the base station. According to one embodiment of the present invention, when an idle state of a terminal is changed to a connection state in a mobile communication system, a mobility state of the terminal can be more effectively estimated.

A method and system for estimating motion blur of an image associated with a moving object. The direction of one-dimensional motion blur may be estimated by inspecting a power spectrum associated with the image. A radon transform with respect to the image power spectrum is computed in the direction of the motion blur. A family of kernels with respect to the one-dimensional motion blur may then be defined utilizing a shutter triggering sequence associated with an image capturing device. The family of kernels may be modeled utilizing a modulation transfer function (MTF). Each modulation transfer function may be compared with the radon transform of the power spectrum associated with the image via a correlation function. The kernel with highest correlation with respect to the radon transform of the image power spectrum may be employed for de-blurring the image.

The invention discloses a method for estimating target direction by a multiple input multiple output (MIMO) radar, belonging to the technical field of radars and mainly solving the problem of limiting computation complexity, computation speed and estimation precision in the prior art. The method comprises the steps of: firstly, carrying out the distance compression on a radar echo signal; secondly, carrying out reduction of dimensionality on the compressed echo signal; thirdly, constructing a cost function to the echo signal subjected to the reduction of dimensionality according to the least squares criterion and solving by using a three-iterative approach; and fourthly, computing a direction-of-arrival angle of a target through computing a receiving and sending guide vector matrix by using an array popularity of a receiving array and a sending array. The invention has the advantages of low computation complexity, high computation speed and high estimation precision, and can be used for estimating the direction-of-arrival angle of the target of the MIMO radar.

The invention relates to a multi-parameter combined estimation method based on bi-static FDA-MIMO radars. The method comprises the following steps: firstly designing a transmitting signal by utilizing characteristics of FDA and MIMO radars; carrying out matched filtering, vectorization and spatial smooth processing on a receiving signal; then estimating a combined steering vector and estimating a DOA and a speed parameter by utilizing an ESPRIT algorithm, and carrying out decoupling and parameter estimation on the DOD and distance information by combining characteristics of a transmitting waveform; and carrying out ambiguity resolution on a distance result estimated by utilizing an ESPRIT algorithm and combining a distance estimated by virtue of a pulse delay estimation algorithm, and carrying out ambiguity resolution on a speed by virtue of an MUSIC algorithm by combining signal characteristics of a large number of pulses. The method provided by the invention has the advantages that the problem that the distance and speed can not be accurately estimated under the condition of a single PRF can be effectively solved, and the estimation of the three-dimensional position and speed of a target can be realized; and a simulation result shows that the method provided by the invention has good estimation accuracy and stability.

The invention discloses a rigid spacecraft performer multi-fault diagnosis and fault tolerance control method. According to the method, the kinetic and dynamic model of a rigid spacecraft attitude control system is put forward, a fault model for existing of both the performance failure fault and the deviation fault of a rigid spacecraft is established, and then a fault detection observer adopting the adaptive threshold technology and a fault estimation observer based on the adaptive technology are respectively established so that online real-time detection and estimation of the fault time and the concrete situation of the fault can be realized, and finally a backstepping sliding mode fault tolerance controller is designed according to fault information established by the fault estimation observer. Attitude stabilization control of the rigid spacecraft under the condition of the performer efficiency damage and the deviation fault can be realized, and the influence of external disturbance on the system and the observers can also be considered in the design process. Besides, the fault detection observer and the fault estimation observer can be independently designed so that the engineering application can be more easily implemented.

The invention discloses an adaptive fuzzy teleportation control method based on a disturbance observer, comprising the following steps: step S1: establishing a dynamic model for a master arm and a slave manipulator of a bilateral teleportation system; step S2: designing a corresponding disturbance observer for unknown interference from a slave edge; step S3: for the kinematics and dynamics uncertainty of the manipulator, estimating and compensating the manipulator by using a fuzzy adaptive controller, and designing an adaptive fuzzy controller based on the disturbance observer. The invention provides a design method of an external disturbance observer. At the same time, for the kinematics and dynamics uncertainty of the master and slave ends, the present invention utilizes the fuzzy adaptive control method to counteract the influence of uncertainty on the stability and synchronization performance of the system. Moreover, the slave end controller is combined with the disturbance observer based on this design to further eliminate the influence of external unknown interference on the system.