This invention relates to an X-
ray adaptive imaging method based on array microaperture modulation, comprising a
cold cathode flat-panel X-
ray source, a first microaperture beam element, a
test object, an optional second microaperture beam element, an optional third microaperture beam element, and a
detector arranged sequentially. All components in the
system are geometrically coaxial. The first microaperture beam element is installed at the X-
ray exit window of the
cold cathode flat-panel X-ray source, the optional second microaperture beam element is installed close to the
test sample side, and the optional third microaperture beam element is installed close to the front side of the
detector. The method includes: omnidirectional X-rays emitted from the
cold cathode flat-panel X-ray source pass through the first microaperture beam element to obtain a quasi-
parallel beam; the quasi-
parallel beam passes through the
test object, and after passing through the optional second microaperture beam element to eliminate scattering, it finally reaches the
detector for imaging after passing through the third microaperture beam element.