The application provides a high-resolution color holographic structure preparation method, and specifically comprises the following steps: S1, obtaining three-dimensional information of an object; S2, extracting and separating three
primary color channels of an image array; S3, setting a
convolution kernel, and respectively performing
convolution on each color channel component of each image; S4, respectively performing
pooling on the extracted data; S5, respectively extracting the numerical values of each same coordinate position in the set to form a new
data set by using an addressing method; S6, designing three
surface relief gratings with different periods according to a
grating equation; S7, respectively performing point multiplication on the three
primary color matrices and the
grating data; S8, re-fusing the encoded three color
channel data; and S9, manufacturing the
data file into a moldable subwavelength level
surface relief structure by a micro-nano
processing method. The application converts
surface relief micro-nano structures by separating, optimizing, fusing and encoding the multi-angle sampling image array data, and the imaging space has strong stereoscopic sense, bright color, strong detail performance and great
imitation difficulty.