685 results about "Black body" patented technology

The present disclosure relates to aerosol delivery devices, methods of forming such devices, and elements of such devices. In some embodiments, the present disclosure provides devices configured for vaporization of an aerosol precursor composition through radiant heating. The radiant heat source may be a laser diode or further element suitable for providing electromagnetic radiation, and heating may be carried out within an optional chamber, which can be a radiation-trapping chamber. In some embodiments, an interior of such chamber may be configured as a black body or as a white body.

An LED device and an LED lighting apparatus using the same can include a casing including a cavity and at least one pair of LED chips including a first and second LED chips. The LED chips can be adjacently located in the cavity, and an encapsulating resin including a phosphor can be disposed in the cavity so as to encapsulate the LED chips. A light-emitting surface of the first LED chip can be covered with a transparent resin, and therefore color temperatures of light emitted from the first and second LED chips can be located on a substantially black body due to a difference between their distances to the encapsulating resin. Thus, the LED lighting apparatus using the LED device can selectively emit white light having a preferable color temperature that is close to a natural color between the color temperatures by adjusting current applied to the LED chips.

Phononic crystals that have the ability to modify and control the thermal black body phonon distribution and the phonon component of heat transport in a solid. In particular, the thermal conductivity and heat capacity can be modified by altering the phonon density of states in a phononic crystal. The present invention is directed to phononic crystal devices and materials such as radio frequency (RF) tags powered from ambient heat, dielectrics with extremely low thermal conductivity, thermoelectric materials with a higher ratio of electrical-to-thermal conductivity, materials with phononically engineered heat capacity, phononic crystal waveguides that enable accelerated cooling, and a variety of low temperature application devices.

Disclosed is a color adjusting arrangement comprising: i) a first wavelength converting material arranged to receive ambient light and capable of converting ambient light of a first wavelength range into light of a second wavelength range, and/or reflecting ambient light of said second wavelength range, said second wavelength range being part of the visible light spectrum; and ii) a complementary wavelength converting material arranged to receive ambient light and capable of converting part of said ambient light into light of a complementary wavelength range, which is complementary to said second wavelength range, and arranged to allow mixing of light of said second wavelength range and said complementary wavelength range; such that light of said second wavelength range that is emitted and/or reflected by said first wavelength converting material and light of said complementary wavelength range is mixed when leaving the color adjusting arrangement towards a viewing position, the light leaving the color adjusting arrangement thereby appearing less colored, i.e. having a color point substantially near the black body line. The invention thus allows an undesirable colored appearance of a semiconductor-phosphor based light source to be at least partly extinguished or neutralized.

Disclosed herein is a light fixture. The light fixture includes at least one first light source that emits at a peak wavelength in a range of approximately 380 nm to approximately 420 nm and at least one second light source that emits at a different peak wavelength, wherein a combined light output of the at least one first light source and the at least one second light source emits a colored light that is perceived as white light. The white light is defined by having a color rendering index (CRI) value of more than approximately 50. The at least one second light source that emits at a different peak wavelength consists of an xy coordinate on a International Commission on Illumination (CIE) 1931 xy color space diagram above a black body curve within a bounded area defined by a first line of approximately y=2.23989x−0.382773 and a second line of approximately y=1.1551x−0.195082. The combined light output has a proportion of spectral energy measured in the approximately 380 nm to approximately 420 nm range of greater than approximately 20%.

The invention requests to protect an infrared focal plane array blind pixel detection method based on integral time adjustment, belongs to the technical field of signal detection. Aiming at the condition limitation that the traditional blind pixel detection method based on a standard black body radiation source depends on an expensive black body and a fixed dark room and the blind pixel detectioncannot be performed as required anytime anywhere, the invention provides a method of flexibly and conveniently adjusting a response output value of the infrared focal plane array in different integral time through a CPLD (complex programmable logic device) programming, computing a response rate of each detection unit according to the response output value and detecting the blind pixel according to the blind pixel definition. The detection unit response output value, the blind pixel detection and the blink pixel compensation in different integral time are recorded. The method provided by the invention has a simple implementation process, and has application and spread value in the IRFPA (infrared focal plane array) blind pixel detection.

The invention discloses an infrared temperature measurement calibration method. The method is characterized by through introducing an environment temperature variation and a temperature measurement distance, compensating a temperature measurement deviation brought by a temperature drift, in a temperature-regulated box, continuously changing an environment temperature in the box and using a black body to carry out temperature calibration, and acquiring a first corresponding relation between an image gray scale capable of reflecting an infrared heat radiation energy size and the environment temperature; in addition, correspondingly acquiring a second corresponding relation between the image gray scale and a black body temperature and a third corresponding relation between the image gray scale and a temperature measurement distance; and finally, fitting the first corresponding relation, the second corresponding relation and the third corresponding relation through a BP neural network andcalculating temperature information of an infrared temperature measurement system heat radiation target through fitting. A problem that temperature measurement precision is low because of the temperature drift caused by an environment temperature change is overcome, infrared temperature measurement precision is increased, and a false alarm rate of fault detection is reduced.

The present invention relates to a method for illuminating a scene having an average lighting setting, the method comprising the steps of receive scene information from an image sensor (110) comprising a plurality of pixels, determine chromaticity coordinates for the scene based on the scene information, and determine, based on the chromaticity coordinates, control values used for driving the at least two differently colored light sources (L₁, L₂, L₃), thereby allowing for illumination of the scene without essentially changing the average lighting setting of the scene. The present invention provides for the possibility to in a more precise way match the average lighting setting of the scene, wherein it is possible to produced light that assure a more natural rendering of illuminated objects in the scene. In comparison to the prior art, for light sources which have spectra far from the black body curve, the chromaticity coordinates are a better representation of the color of ambient light illuminating the scene than when using the correlated color temperature. The present invention also relates to a corresponding illumination device (100).

The embodiment of the invention discloses a method for measuring the temperature of a target object by using a thermal infrared imager. The method comprises the following steps: calibrating the thermal infrared imager by using black bodies to obtain a temperature-gray level curve of the thermal infrared imager; calculating the tweak parameter of an infrared image by using the gray values of images obtained at different shutter temperatures and black body temperatures of the thermal infrared imager; correcting the infrared image of the target object by using the tweak parameter; performing deformation correction on the infrared image; determining the temperature value of the target object according to the gray value of each pixel point of the corrected infrared image and the temperature-gray level curve. According to the method, the influences of environmental factors on infrared temperature measurement are reduced greatly via the correction, and the temperature of a measured object can be measured accurately.

The present standard radiation source comprises a black body having a cavity, a shielding plate positioned at an open end of the cavity, at least one first heater positioned in the shielding plate, at least one second heater positioned on the outer wall of the black body, a first insulation device covering the second heater and a temperature-controlling device positioned on the first insulation device.

After flash irradiation on a semiconductor wafer is started and then the temperatures of front and back surfaces of the semiconductor wafer become equal to each other, the temperature of the back surface of the semiconductor wafer, which has a known emissivity, is measured with a radiation thermometer. The emissivity of the front surface of the semiconductor wafer is calculated based on the intensity of radiated light from a black body having an equal temperature to the temperature of the back surface thereof, and the intensity of radiated light actually radiated from the front surface of the semiconductor wafer. Then, the temperature of the front surface of the semiconductor wafer heated by the flash irradiation is calculated based on the calculated emissivity and the intensity of the radiated light from the front surface of the semiconductor wafer that has been measured after the flash irradiation is started.

The invention provides a temperature measurement correction system and method for a thermal infrared imager. The system includes an infrared optical module, a plane black body and a high and low temperature box arranged in the thermal infrared imager, wherein a focal plane of the to-be-corrected thermal infrared imager is aligned with the plane black body through the infrared optical module, radiation of the plane black body is uniformly irradiated on the focal plane, a preset distance between the to-be-corrected thermal infrared imager and the plane black body is kept, the to-be-corrected thermal infrared imager is placed in the high and low temperature box for preheating, and subsequent calibration is performed after the temperature is stabilized. The system is advantaged in that the distance of a measured object is compensated by an optical system, influence of surface emissivity of the measured object and the environment temperature on temperature measurement is compensated by thecorrection method, the thermal infrared imager is made to be more adaptable to the measured object and the environment, gain and the bias effect of the thermal infrared imager on external radiation under different temperatures are accurately calibrated, a temperature measurement error caused by temperature change of an instrument in the temperature measurement process is avoided, an additional device such as a shutter is not needed for calibration, and the structure of the instrument is simplified.

The invention relates to an infrared two-point non-uniform calibrating method based on a frame black body field diaphragm, belonging to the field of infrared thermal imaging. The method comprises the following steps of: arranging an automatically-telescopic frame black body field diaphragm on a diaphragm of an infrared thermal imager and performing two-point calibration under a frame to obtain a gain calibration factor and an offset calibration factor of a detection unit under the coverage of a frame black body; acquiring f frames of initially-calibrated images respectively on two scenes to obtain f-1 groups of inter-frame displacement parameters on every scene; and acquiring calibration parameters of f-1 groups of images with inter-frame displacement on an internal detection unit by adopting an algebraic method, and averaging the frames to obtain finial calibration matrixes G and 0 for calibrating the entire field of a subsequent infrared video. The method has the advantages of rapidness, self-adaption and system miniaturization, and can be applied to the fields of designing, production and manufacturing of refrigerating and non-refrigerating infrared focal plane detector thermalimaging systems, satellite infrared thermal imaging systems, infrared alarm systems, scientific researches and the like.

An embodiment of the invention discloses a correcting device of a thermal infrared imager. The correcting device comprises a first driving device, a first black body blocking piece, a second driving device, a second black body blocking piece and a controller, wherein the first black body blocking piece is provided with a first temperature and connected to an output end of the first driving device; the second black body blocking piece is provided with a second temperature and connected to an output end of the second driving device; and the controller is connected to the first driving device and the second driving device, controls the first black body blocking piece to move between a first position and a second position, and controls the second black body blocking piece to move between a third position and a fourth position. According to the correcting device of the thermal infrared imager, the first black body blocking piece and the second black body blocking piece respectively move to the position between an infrared focal plane detector and an infrared lens to obtain a first infrared original image and a second infrared original image, so that correcting parameters of infrared images are obtained. Therefore, the correcting device can perform correcting parameter update on the thermal infrared imager in real time to adapt to different conditions and environment changes.

The invention relates to a more accurate system for calibration and/or characterization of temperature measurement instruments by telemetry, involving a reference unit with thermal gradient defined by a disc with thermal gradient, comprising at least one concentric heat diffuser metal ring, with temperature sensors that generate a staggered radial temperature profile mechanically linked with a cavity of a black body, housed in an electric furnace to produce and control the temperature thereof; a method for calibration of instruments for measuring temperature by telemetry; using a measurement subsystem for calibration of temperature measurement by telemetry, disposed opposite at least one said furnaces, consisting of a platform with longitudinal graduated scale as an indicator of distance, which is adapted to mount pattern equipment and the equipment to be calibrated; a PC, in which temperature readings of the reference ring system with thermal gradient of the cylindrical cavity of black body and, reference pattern equipment with traceability, are feed to obtain a temperature profile that allows, through a specialized mathematical calculation program based on comparisons, calibrate and/or characterize the temperature measuring instruments by telemetry.

The embodiment of the invention discloses a nonuniform correction method for a thermal infrared imager. The nonuniform correction method for the thermal infrared imager comprises the following steps: measuring the gray value of the infrared image of a black body and the gray value of the infrared image of a catch at at least two temperatures to obtain the function relationship between a black body image gray value and a catch image gray value; when the catch is used for carrying out nonuniform correction on the thermal infrared imager, converting the infrared image of the catch into a conversion image which satisfies the function relationship; and carrying out nonuniform correction by the conversion image. Therefore, the nonuniform correction comprises the nonuniform correction caused to a lens, and nonuniformity introduced in by the lens can be reduced or compensated together so as to improve the imaging quality of the thermal infrared imager.

The combination of an infrared phosphor fluorescing at wavelengths between 8 μm and 13 μm with a wavelength-selective cold mirror glazing transparent to the fluoresced radiation can create a device capable of providing passive radiative cooling in tropical heat and humidity in locations with an unobstructed view of sky. The concentration of thermal radiative energy into the narrow band radiated by the phosphor, and the reflection of infrared radiation outside that band, provides more net cooling through saturation humidity at 37° C. than does a black-body or conventional selective radiator.

The invention discloses a temperature correction method for infrared temperature measurement, and an infrared thermal imager. The method completes the temperature correction through the following steps: obtaining the position vectors between N black bodies at different positions and an infrared thermometer, improving the correction precision through the black bodies at different positions, and providing a data source for the temperature correction; then, respectively measuring the temperatures of the black bodies by using a contact type temperature measuring sensor and the infrared thermometer, calculating the relative temperature differences of the black bodies, and based on the temperature differences and the spatial relationship between the black bodies and the infrared thermometer, incombination with preset parameters of the external environment such as temperature, humidity, wind speed, illumination conditions and the like, using a mathematical analysis technology to obtain correction parameters, and correcting the temperature measurement value of a measured object to complete temperature correction of the infrared thermometer. The high-precision constant-temperature controlof the black bodies is converted into real-time accurate monitoring of the temperature of the black bodies, so that the calibration cost is effectively controlled, and the temperature measurement accuracy is ensured.

The invention discloses a method for measuring influence of background factors to infrared temperature measurement. The method comprises the following steps of: memorizing calibrated experimental data into a software system for measuring the influence of the background factors to the infrared temperature measurement; starting a black body, an infrared thermal image component, an industrial personal computer and a measuring software system; acquiring and displaying a thermal image video though an image acquiring card by the software system after the block body is constant at a certain temperature T, adjusting the parameter of the infrared thermal image component, and memorizing the thermal image in the form of bmp after the thermal image is clear; opening the memorized thermal image, selecting a black body region in the thermal image, and reading the mean gray level of the black body by the system; calling a database to search the calibrated gray level corresponding to the T temperature; and obtaining the error between the mean gray level and the calibrated gray level, wherein the error reflects the degree of the influence of the background factors to the infrared temperature measurement. The method can quantificationally measure the influence of the background factors to the infrared temperature measurement when practically measuring the temperature, wherein in result can be used in the compensation of the temperature measurement to finally improve the accuracy of the temperature measurement.