The invention relates to a high-efficient anaerobic composting reactor. The high-efficient anaerobic composting reactor comprises a reaction chamber system and a stirring system, wherein a reaction chamber in the reaction chamber system is of a sealed container provided with a water jacket, a sampling pipe and a rotary valve are arranged at the center of a top cover of the reaction chamber, a sampler is inserted into the reaction chamber through the sampling pipe, the sampler comprises an ultraviolet lamp tube, a sampling probe, a temperature sensor, a display device, a gas inlet, an exhaust port, a rubber sleeve and a rubber washer, a sampling rod which can move up and down is arranged at the center of the sampler, and the sampling probe and the temperature sensor are arranged at the lower end of the sampling rod; and the stirring system comprises a stirring paddle, a transmission and a motor, and the motor is connected with the spiral stirring paddle through the transmission. The high-efficient anaerobic composting reactor disclosed by the invention has the advantages of sampling during the anaerobic composting process, retaining strains therein and providing technical support for research of anaerobic composting strains; the temperature sensor arranged on the sampler can determine the temperature at the center of a compost during sampling; and the water jacket structure is adopted on the outer wall of the reactor, so that the constant-temperature effect of the reactor is ensured.