The present invention provides a lowly toxic phosphor and a production process thereof, and more particularly, the synthesis of nanoparticles having a chalcopyrite structure, a phosphor by compounding with a metal chalcogenite, and a production process thereof. The phosphor is a first compound composed of elements of groups I, III and VI having a chalcopyrite structure, or composite particles or composite compound containing the first compound, and the particle diameter of the first compound, or the composite particles or composite compound, is 0.5 to 20.0 nm. The phosphor is produced by mixing a first solution (Solution A), in which one or more of copper (I), copper (II), silver (I), indium (III), gallium (III) and aluminum (III) are respectively dissolved and mixed in a solution to which has been added a complexing agent, and a second solution (Solution C), in which a chalcogenite compound has been dissolved, followed by heat-treating under pre-determined synthesis conditions.