405results about "Selenium/tellurium compunds" patented technology

A method of fractionating biomass, by permeability conditioning biomass suspended in a pH adjusted solution of at least one water-based polar solvent to form a conditioned biomass, intimately contacting the pH adjusted solution with at least one non-polar solvent, partitioning to obtain an non-polar solvent solution and a polar biomass solution, and recovering cell and cell derived products from the non-polar solvent solution and polar biomass solution. Products recovered from the above method. A method of operating a renewable and sustainable plant for growing and processing algae.

Polymer nanocomposite implants with nanofillers and additives are described. The nanofillers described can be any composition with the preferred composition being those composing barium, bismuth, cerium, dysprosium, europium, gadolinium, hafnium, indium, lanthanum, neodymium, niobium, praseodymium, strontium, tantalum, tin, tungsten, ytterbium, yttrium, zinc, and zirconium. The additives can be of any composition with the preferred form being inorganic nanopowders comprising aluminum, calcium, gallium, iron, lithium, magnesium, silicon, sodium, strontium, titanium. Such nanocomposites are particularly useful as materials for biological use in applications such as drug delivery, biomed devices, bone or dental implants.

Methods to manufacture nanoscale particles comprising metals, alloys, intermetallics, ceramics are disclosed. The thermal energy is provided by plasma, internal energy, heat of reaction, microwave, electromagnetic, direct electric arc, pulsed electric arc and/or nuclear. The process is operated at some stage above 3000K and at high velocities. The invention can be utilized to prepare nanopowders for nanostructured products and devices such as ion conducting solid electrolytes for a wide range of applications, including sensors, oxygen pumps, fuel cells, batteries, electrosynthesis reactors and catalytic membranes.

An alloyed semiconductor quantum dot comprising an alloy of at least two semiconductors, wherein the quantum dot has a homogeneous composition and is characterized by a band gap energy that is non-linearly related to the molar ratio of the at least two semiconductors; a series of alloyed semiconductor quantum dots related thereto; a concentration-gradient quantum dot comprising an alloy of a first semiconductor and a second semiconductor, wherein the concentration of the first semiconductor gradually increases from the core of the quantum dot to the surface of the quantum dot and the concentration of the second semiconductor gradually decreases from the core of the quantum dot to the surface of the quantum dot; a series of concentration-gradient quantum dots related thereto; in vitro and in vivo methods of use; and methods of producing the alloyed semiconductor and concentration-gradient quantum dots and the series of quantum dots related thereto.

An electrode material for an anode of a rechargeable lithium battery, containing a particulate comprising an amorphous Sn.A.X alloy with a substantially non-stoichiometric ratio composition. For said formula Sn.A.X, A indicates at least one kind of an element selected from a group consisting of transition metal elements, X indicates at least one kind of an element selected from a group consisting of O, F, N, Mg, Ba, Sr, Ca, La, Ce, Si, Ge, C, P, B, Pb, Bi, Sb, Al, Ga, In, Tl, Zn, Be, Pr, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu, As, Se, Te, Li and S, where the element X is not always necessary to be contained. The content of the constituent element Sn of the amorphous Sn.A.X alloy is Sn/(Sn+A+X)=20 to 80 atomic %. An electrode structural body for a rechargeable lithium battery, comprising said electrode material for an anode and a collector comprising a material incapable of being alloyed with lithium in electrochemical reaction, and a rechargeable lithium battery having an anode comprising said electrode structural body.

The invention relates to a method for pre-processing anode mud and recycling rare metals. The invention carries out pre-processing on the anode mud of copper and lead ions and recycling the rare metals; firstly the anode mud is extracted by an acid liquid; a primary acid extraction liquid and the primary decopper anode mud are obtained by filtering; the primary decopper anode mud after being stirred and grinded with sodium carbonate is extracted by metric acid or acetic acid to obtain the deleading anode mud; after sulfated roasting for steaming selenium is carried out on the primary decopper anode mud or the deleading anode mud, the steaming selenium anode mud is extracted by the acid liquid; a secondary acid extraction liquid and the secondary decopper anode mud are obtained by filtering. The acid extraction liquid recycles the selenium and Te by reducing or recycles the slag of selenium and Te by directly adding alkali to react in the acid extraction liquid. The secondary acid extraction liquid after recycling the Te by reducing uses alkali or adds water to dilute and adjust the pH value of a filter liquid and obtain the slag of bismuth by filtering. The method of the invention has a simple flow, a high recycling rate of selenium, Te and bismuth; the noble metals can be enriched and the recycling rate of gold and silver can be remarkably improved.

The invention relates to the use of a thermoelectric material for thermoelectric purposes at a temperature of 150 K or less, said thermoelectric material is a material corresponding to the stoichiometric formula FeSb2, wherein all or part of the Fe atoms optionally being substituted by one or more elements selected from the group comprising: Sc, Ti, V, Cr, Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Y, Zr, Nb, Mo, Tc, Ru, Rh, Pd, Ag, Cd, La, Hf, Ta, W, Re, Os, Tr, Pt, Au, Hg, Ce, Pr, Nd, Pm, Sm, Eu, Gd, Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu and a vacancy; and wherein all or part of the Sb atoms optionally being substituted by one or more elements selected from the group comprising: P, As, Bi, S, Se, Te, B, Al, Ga, In, Tl, C, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb and a vacancy; with the proviso that neither one of the elements Fe and Sb in the formula FeSb2 is fully substituted with a vacancy, characterised in that said thermoelectric material exhibits a power factor (S2σ) of 25 μW/cmK2 or more at a temperature of 150 K or less. The invention also relates to thermoelectric materials per se falling within the above definition.

A method of preparing metal chalcogenides from elemental metal or metal compounds has the following steps: providing at least one elemental metal or metal compound; providing at least one element from periodic table groups 13-15; providing at least one chalcogen; and combining and heating the chalcogen, the group 13-15 element and the metal at sufficient time and temperature to form a metal chalcogenide. A method of functionalizing the surface of semiconducting nanoparticles has the following steps: providing at least one metad compound; providing one chalcogenide having a cation selected from the group 13-15 (B, Al, Ga, In, Si, Ge, Sn, Pb, P, As, Sb and Bi); dissolving the chalcogenide in a first solution; dissolving the metal compound in a second solution; providing and dissolving a functional capping agent in at least one of the solutions of the metal compounds and chalcogenide; combining all solutions; and maintaining the combined solution at a proper temperature for an appropriate time.

Uses for a composition comprising a polymer derived from at least two monomers: acrylic-x and an alkylamine, wherein said polymer is modified to contain a functional group capable of scavenging one or more compositions containing one or more metals are disclosed. These polymers have many uses in various mediums, including wastewater systems.

A nanoparticle composition is disclosed comprising a copper indium gallium selenide, a copper indium sulfide, or a combination thereof. Also disclosed is a layer comprising the nanoparticle composition. A photovoltaic device comprising the nanoparticle composition and/or the absorbing layer is disclosed. Also disclosed are methods for producing the nanoparticle compositions, absorbing layers, and photovoltaic devices described herein.

Metal chalocogenide precursor solutions are described that comprise an aqueous solvent, dissolved metal formate salts and a chalcogenide source composition. The chalcogenide source compositions can be organic compounds lacking a carbon-carbon bond. The precursors are designed to form a desired metal chalcogenide upon thermal processing into films with very low levels of contamination. Potentially contaminating elements in the precursors form gaseous or vapor by-products that escape from the vicinity of the product metal chalcogenide films.

The invention relates to a method for forming a telescoped multiwall nanotube. Such a telescoped multiwall nanotube may find use as a linear or rotational bearing in microelectromechanical systems or may find use as a constant force nanospring. In the method of the invention, a multiwall nanotube is affixed to a solid, conducting substrate at one end. The tip of the free end of the multiwall nanotube is then removed, revealing the intact end of the inner wall. A nanomanipulator is then attached to the intact end, and the intact, core segments of the multiwall nanotube are partially extracted, thereby telescoping out a segment of nanotube.

The invention discloses a method for comprehensively recycling silver, selenium, tellurium and copper from telluride copper slag. The method comprises the following steps of (1), oxidizing acid leaching, wherein the telluride copper slag is added into a sulfuric acid solution containing an oxidizing agent to be heated and stirred so as to be leached, after filtering, copper sulfate leaching liquid and acidic leaching residues are obtained, and the leaching liquid is conveyed to a furnace for copper recycling; and (2) alkali leaching separation, wherein the acidic leaching residues are added into sodium hydroxide solutions to be leached, sodium tellurite solutions and basic leached residues are obtained, the basic leached residues are sent to the KALDO furnace for smelting, so that the silver and the selenium are recycled, and after purification, tellurium deposition, forging and electrolysis of the alkali leaching liquid, refined tellurium is obtained. According to the method, the recycling rate of the silver, the selenium, the tellurium and the copper is high, the silver, the selenium, the tellurium and the copper are not lost, the concentration ratio is high, the silver, the selenium, the tellurium and the copper can be separated from other impurities well, the pollution to the environment is small, the technology is simple, and needed equipment cost is low.

The invention provides a method for synthesizing ZnxCd1-xSe (x is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1) and ZnxCd1-xSe/ZnSe, ZnxCd1-xSe/ZnS and ZnxCd1-xSe core/shell structured semiconductor nanocrystals thereof by using long-chain fatty acid salts of cadmium and zinc as precursors of cadmium and zinc, which is the most economical and environment-friendly method for synthesizing high-quality ZnxCd1-xSe and related core/shell structured semiconductor nanocrystals thereof currently. The method avoids using tributylphosphine (TBP) or trioctylphosphine (TOP) dissolved elementary selenium as the precursor of selenium currently in the world, but adopts octadecylene (ODE) dissolved elementary selenium as the precursor of selenium; and the obtained nanocrystals have the quality equal to that of nanocrystals which are synthesized when the TBP or TOP dissolved selenium powder is used as the precursor of selenium. The method is called a phosphine-free method, has the advantages of simple synthesizing process, good repeatability, safety, environmental protection, no need of glove box, and cost conservation of over 60 percent. The synthesized ZnxCd1-xSe and related core/shell structured nanocrystals have a fluorescence range of between 400 and 650nm, and have the advantages of uniform particle size distribution, high efficiency of fluorescent quantum yield (40 to 70 percent) and narrow full width at half maximum. The method is also suitable for synthesizing the ZnxCd1-xS, HgxCd1-xSe, ZnxCd1-xTe nanocrystals and related core/shell structures thereof. More importantly, the method can synthesize high-quality nanocrsytals on a large scale, and has enormous application value both in laboratory synthesis and industrial synthesis.

The invention discloses a method for synthesizing copper-indium-selenium nanocrystalline and relates to a solar cell material. The invention provides a method for synthesizing copper-indium-selenium nanocrystalline with simple technological steps. The method comprises the following steps: mixing dodecyl mercaptan and oleyl amine to obtain a mixed solvent; adding an elementary substance selenium, and dispersing to obtain an evenly dispersed elementary substance solution; adding cuprous chloride and indium chloride into an oleic acid-octadecylene mixed solvent, heating while stirring, vacuumizing, so that the vacuum degree of the system is lower than -0.1 MPa, and introducing nitrogen to obtain an oleic acid-octadecylene composition of cupric salts and indium salts in the nitrogen atmosphere, wherein the oleic acid-octadecylene composition of cupric salts and indium salts is a light-brown transparent solution; and injecting the prepared selenium solution into the oleic acid-octadecylene composition of cupric salts and indium salts, heating to carry out the reaction, centrifugating to obtain a precipitate, and respectively washing the precipitate with methenyl chloride and ethanol at least once to obtain the copper-indium-selenium nanocrystalline.

The invention relates to a method for recovering rare precious metals from a solution, which recovers the rare precious metals from the solution by adopting an SO2 direct-reduction process. The method comprises the following steps of: regulating the acidity of the solution containing the rare precious metals, adding a compound containing chloridions, introducing SO2 to react for a certain time under a heating condition, and then filtering to obtain rare precious metal slag; lixiviating the rare precious metal slag by using a Na2SO3 solution, and filtering to obtain separated selenium slag and a solution containing selenium; adding sulfuric acid to the solution containing the selenium, heating, and then filtering to obtain selenium slag; lixiviating the separated selenium slag by using a mixed solution of the sulfuric acid and hydrogen peroxide, and filtering to obtain precious metal concentrates and a solution containing tellurium; adding the compound containing the chloridions to the solution containing the tellurium, introducing SO2 for reduction, and filtering to obtain tellurium powder. The invention recovers the rare precious metals contained in the solution through the reduction by using the SO2; and in addition, compared with a zinc powder reduction method, the method has the advantages of simplicity, easy operation, low cost and high comprehensive utility ratio.

An illumination system, comprising a radiation source and a monolithic ceramic luminescence converter comprising at least one phosphor capable of absorbing a part of light emitted by the radiation source and emitting light of wavelength different from that of the absorbed light; wherein said at least one phosphor is an alkaline earth metal sulfide of general formula AE_1-zS_1-ySe_y:A_z, wherein AE is at least one earth alkaline metal selected from the group of Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba, 0≦y<1 and 0.0005≦z≦0.2, activated by an activator A selected from the group of Eu(II), Ce(III), Mn(II) and Pr(III). is highly efficient, especially if a blue light emitting diode is used as a radiation source, and provides excellent thermal and spectroscopic properties. The invention is also concerned with a monolithic ceramic luminescence converter comprising at least one phosphor capable of absorbing a part of light emitted by the radiation source and emitting light of wavelength different from that of the absorbed light; wherein said at least one phosphor is an alkaline earth metal sulfide of general formula AE_1-zS_1-ySe_y:A_z, wherein AE is as least one earth alkaline metal selected from the group of Mg, Ca, Sr and Ba, 0≦y<1 and 0.0005≦z≦0.2, activate by an activator A selected from the group of Eu(II), Ce(II), Mn(II) and Pr(III).