164 results about "Rubidium" patented technology

The invention provides an alkali metal group ion selective permeable membrane, a preparation method and a lithium, rubidium and cesium extraction method and system, and the membrane is prepared by taking polyphenylene sulfide, Zr (HPO4) 2 and a high-molecular polymer adhesive as raw materials through mixing, fibration treatment and compression molding processes. Based on the weak dipole adsorption characteristic between the sulfur position of high-crystallization polyphenylene sulfide and alkali metal cations, efficient screening of monovalent alkali metal ions (Li < + >, Rb < + > and Cs < + >) and multivalent impurity ions (Mg < 2 + >, Al < 3 + > and Fe < 2 + >) is achieved, and the method can be used for extracting rubidium and cesium. The ion selective permeable membrane has excellent mechanical properties, high separation efficiency and corrosion resistance, and is low in production cost; and finally, the multiple targets of lepidolite leaching liquid impurity removal and lithium rubidium cesium synergistic extraction are achieved.

The invention provides a metal material recycling device and a method for leaching fluorine beryllium thallium and lithium rubidium cesium in lithium slag. Relates to the field of metal material recycling, and comprises a leaching tank placed on the ground through four supporting frames, the top of the leaching tank is fixedly provided with a top cover, and the bottom of the leaching tank is fixedly provided with a bottom cover. According to the metal material recycling device and the leaching method for fluorine beryllium thallium and lithium rubidium cesium in the lithium slag, the ultrasonic generator is arranged to supply energy to the first ultrasonic transducer and the second ultrasonic transducer to generate ultrasonic waves, the ultrasonic waves generate microjet flow to impact the surface of minerals, acid liquor permeation and ion diffusion are accelerated, the leaching time is shortened, and the efficiency is improved; the surface of the lithium slag is not prone to passivation, the leaching rate of target metal ions is increased, the leaching liquid is pumped out through the water suction pump, manual contact with the leaching liquid in the next solid-liquid separation procedure is facilitated, dilute sulfuric acid is supplemented through the acid supplementing pipe, then the lithium slag is placed through the funnel, and the consistency and controllability of starting of the leaching reaction are guaranteed.

The invention provides a pretreatment device and method for extracting rubidium and cesium metals from lithium waste residues. The pretreatment device comprises a control system, a grinding unit, a screening unit, a dissolving unit and a recycling system, a feeding port and a discharging port communicated with the screening unit are formed in the grinding unit, and the screening unit, the dissolving unit and the filtering unit are sequentially arranged and connected through conveying pipelines respectively; the screening unit comprises a screening barrel and n elastic screens mounted in the screening barrel; the elastic screens incline downwards, the (n-1) elastic screens penetrate through the screening barrel to form recovery ports, and the recovery system enables the (n-1) recovery ports to be communicated with the feeding port. According to the method, the problems of low screening efficiency, insufficient grinding, poor dissolving effect, easiness in filtering blockage and the like in the existing pretreatment process of extracting the rubidium and cesium metals from the lithium waste residues are solved, so that the extraction efficiency of the rubidium and cesium metals is improved.

The invention relates to the technical field of spectral measurement, in particular to a portable human body rubidium microelement detector and a spectral detection method. Converting the spectral data to obtain an absorbance curve; carrying out data segmentation on the absorbance curve, and calculating to obtain a baseline drift degree of the absorbance curve based on a segmentation result; performing baseline correction on the absorbance curve based on the baseline drift degree in combination with an iterative adaptive baseline correction algorithm to obtain an absorbance curve after baseline correction; and comparing the absorbance curve after the baseline correction with a standard absorbance-concentration curve to obtain the concentration of the rubidium element. According to the method, for the phenomenon that the content of the rubidium element is relatively low, the baseline drift degree of the spectral data is analyzed in a targeted manner, and the baseline drift degree is set as an iteration termination condition of an iteration self-adaptive baseline correction algorithm, so that a baseline drift part in the spectral data is separated, and the accurate content of the rubidium element in a sample is obtained on the basis of conversion.

Two ends of a flexible pipe are fixedly connected to a grip and a magnetic guide ring respectively, an electromagnet is fixedly mounted in the magnetic guide ring, a rubidium magnet is connected to the outer end of the magnetic guide ring in a threaded fit manner, a through hole is formed in the magnetic guide ring, and one end of an air pipe is communicated and connected to the through hole; the magnetic attraction mode can be selected according to the type of metal, when large-size metal needs to be picked up, only the rubidium magnet needs to be installed on the magnetic guide ring, the metal can be attracted to the rubidium magnet, and cleaning and collecting are convenient; when some metal chips are cleaned, the electromagnet brings magnetic force to the magnetic guide ring, so that the metal chips are adsorbed on the magnetic guide ring; during discharging, only the electromagnet needs to be closed, the magnetic force of the magnetic guide ring disappears, the chippings can fall off, in order to prevent the chippings from being attached to the interior of the magnetic guide ring, the chippings can be blown out of the magnetic guide ring by blowing air into the air pipe, and follow-up use is facilitated.

The invention provides a lepidolite tailing rubidium and cesium extraction device, a rubidium and cesium efficient extraction agent and a preparation method of the rubidium and cesium efficient extraction agent, and relates to the technical field of metal material recycling. The driving mechanism comprises a mounting seat fixedly arranged at the bottom of the front surface of the treatment tank, the inner side of the mounting seat is rotationally connected with a rotating rod, and a surface key groove of the rotating rod is connected with a driving gear. According to the scheme, the pH value of the lepidolite leachate is finally and rapidly adjusted in a targeted mode, the problem that local pH value fluctuation is large due to the fact that excessive pH adjusting liquid is put at a time is solved, the problem that the pH adjusting efficiency of the lepidolite leachate is low due to the fact that the pH adjusting liquid is put intermittently can be solved, gas is injected into the lepidolite leachate at the same time, and the efficiency of adjusting the pH value of the lepidolite leachate is improved. While the pH adjusting liquid and the lepidolite leaching liquid are helped to be fused, the liquid turbulence is enhanced, the concentration gradient is reduced, the pH value of the lepidolite leaching liquid is rapidly adjusted, and the extraction efficiency of rubidium and cesium metal is improved.

The invention belongs to the technical field of geological sample analysis and detection, and particularly discloses a method for measuring the amount of each element of lithium ore in a closed acid-soluble system, and the method comprises the following steps: pretreating the lithium ore; the pretreated lithium ore is weighed and put into a closed sample dissolving device, hydrofluoric acid and purified nitric acid are sequentially added, and the closed sample dissolving device is closed; carrying out heat preservation on the closed sample dissolving device twice to obtain a test solution; and measuring the test solution by using an inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometer to obtain a working curve, and calculating the content of the analysis element in the sample solution by using the working curve. The method for determining the amount of each element in the lithium ore by adopting the closed acid-soluble system has the characteristics of simplicity in operation, high efficiency and good stability, realizes simultaneous determination of the amount of lithium, rubidium, cesium, beryllium, strontium, niobium, tantalum, zirconium, hafnium and rare earth elements in the large-batch lithium ore, and further provides a reference for determination of main trace elements in the lithium ore.

The invention provides a rubidium and cesium adsorbent and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: providing a doped and modified Prussian blue analogue, wherein the Prussian blue analogue comprises a Prussian blue matrix material and a transition metal doping element doped in the Prussian blue matrix material; granulating a mixed material containing the doped and modified prussian blue analogue and a granulating agent to obtain a rubidium and cesium adsorbent precursor; a mixed reaction system containing the rubidium and cesium adsorbent precursor and a surface modifier are subjected to a reaction, the surface modifier contains one or more functional structures of an amino group, a sulfonic group, a carboxyl group, a sulfydryl group, an acryloyloxy group, an epoxy group, a crown ether structure and a calixarene structure, and therefore the rubidium and cesium adsorbent is obtained. Through a multi-aspect synergistic strategy of transition metal doping, granulation and surface modification, the prepared rubidium and cesium adsorbent has good stability and high adsorption capacity, and has strong selectivity to Cs < + > / Rb < + >.

The invention discloses a method for strengthening flotation recovery of micro-fine particle rubidium and cesium co-associated lepidolite. The method mainly comprises the following steps: blending the micro-fine particle rubidium and cesium co-associated lepidolite into ore pulp by using micro-nano bubble deionized water; sequentially adding a regulating agent and an anion-cation combined collecting agent, fully stirring, and regulating the pH value of the ore pulp; and a flotation machine is used for sorting the evenly-stirred ore pulp, and rubidium and cesium co-associated lepidolite concentrate is obtained. According to the flotation result, on the premise that the using amount of the collecting agent is the same, the recovery rate of the cavitation micro-nano bubble flotation is increased compared with that of conventional bubble flotation, and the flotation recovery rate of the micro-fine particle rubidium-cesium co-associated lepidolite which is an important metal mineral resource can be remarkably increased through the method; and efficient recovery of the rubidium-cesium carrier minerals is effectively realized.

The invention discloses a method for preparing an adsorption material for simultaneously extracting rubidium and cesium by using soft / hard template co-assembly and application, and belongs to the technical field of adsorption material preparation. The invention aims to solve the problems that a traditional adsorbent is poor in selectivity to similar alkali metal ions, slow in mass transfer rate, insufficient in acid environment stability and lack of an adsorption material for specific recognition of rubidium and cesium ions. The method comprises the following steps: 1, preparing cesium-imprinted hierarchical-pore mesoporous silica; 2, Cs / Rb-HMS is prepared; according to the invention, a macroporous-mesoporous channel is constructed; wherein a large hole (PS template) provides a rapid mass transmission channel, and an ion diffusion path is remarkably shortened, so that target ions can rapidly reach adsorption sites in the material; mesopores (Pluronic F127 template) provide a huge specific surface area and load a large number of Cs < + > imprinting sites and Rb < + > imprinting polymer layers, so that high adsorption capacity to Cs < + > and Rb < + > is ensured.

The invention relates to the technical field of mineral separation, and provides a segmented enrichment and recovery method for lithium-containing porcelain clay ore co-associated with rubidium and cesium, which comprises the following steps: grinding the lithium-containing porcelain clay ore to obtain ground ore pulp; the ore grinding pulp is subjected to sedimentation desliming, and settled sand and slime are obtained; the settled sand is subjected to size mixing, and to-be-separated ore pulp is obtained; lepidolite flotation is conducted on the to-be-separated ore pulp through a lepidolite collecting agent, and lithium separation tailings and lepidolite concentrate containing rubidium and cesium are obtained; carrying out potassium feldspar flotation on the lithium separation tailings by adopting a potassium feldspar collecting agent to obtain re-separation tailings and potassium feldspar concentrate containing rubidium and cesium; and fluoride-free separation of feldspar and quartz is conducted on the recleaning tailings, and feldspar concentrate and quartz concentrate are obtained. According to the segmented enrichment and recovery method provided by the invention, comprehensive utilization of co-associated rubidium and cesium in the ore can be realized to the greatest extent while the recovery of the main utilization mineral lepidolite is preferentially ensured, and qualified feldspar products and quartz products are obtained.

The invention relates to the field of hydrometallurgy, and discloses a method for converting hafnium oxalate feed liquid into hafnium oxychloride feed liquid, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: adding an HCl solution and an oxidizing agent into the hafnium oxalate feed liquid, and reacting at a certain temperature to obtain a hafnium oxychloride solution. The method has the advantages of simple operation, no introduction of any metal impurity ions, small reagent consumption, low energy consumption, low cost, high efficiency, no physical state change, and realization of continuous production. The method for adding the HCl solution and the oxidizing agent into the oxalate feed liquid is also suitable for converting oxalate solutions of other metal ions into chloride solutions, including but not limited to zirconium oxalate, titanium oxalate, thorium oxalate, scandium oxalate, niobium oxalate, tantalum oxalate, vanadium oxalate, cobalt oxalate, cesium oxalate and rubidium oxalate.

The present invention relates to a method for producing a composite adsorbent of ferrocyanide of a transition metal in the matrix of silica gel comprising the following steps: (i) preparing a first aqueous composition comprising at least the mixture of a sodium or potassium ferrocyanide with a sodium silicate solution so as to obtain the dissolution of salts; (ii) preparing a second composition comprising the mixture of at least: a transition metal salt chosen from one or more of the following compounds: nickel, copper, zinc, cobalt, and an inorganic acid; (iii) mixing the first aqueous composition with the second composition until a suspension is obtained; (iv) adding an inorganic acid or base so that the suspension obtained at the end of step (iii) has a pH ranging from 4 to 9;(v) demixing the suspension obtained at the end of step (iv) so as to obtain a precipitate within a liquid phase; (vi) separating said precipitate, rinsing and drying the precipitate, so as to obtain a solid precipitate, characterized in that the first aqueous composition comprises a soluble rubidium or cesium salt, and the second composition further comprises a soluble metal salt chosen from one or more of the following compounds: aluminum, titanium, zirconium.;

The invention provides a method and a device for preparing an adsorbent for adsorbing rubidium and cesium from lepidolite leachate. The preparation method of the adsorbent for adsorbing rubidium and cesium from the lepidolite leachate comprises the following steps: S1, weighing straw powder, and carrying out soda boiling treatment on the straw powder; s2, filtering while hot, collecting filter residues, washing with deionized water, and drying; s3, transferring the filter residues into a high-pressure kettle, and adding deionized water for hydrothermal reaction to obtain a reaction product. According to the preparation method and device of the adsorbent for adsorbing rubidium and cesium from the lepidolite leaching solution, the adsorbent has the effects of high adsorption capacity, good selectivity and stability in the aspect of rubidium and cesium adsorption, and the material can adsorb a large number of rubidium and cesium ions due to the rich pore structure and ion exchange sites; and the enrichment capacity on low-concentration rubidium and cesium is improved.

The invention relates to the field of hydrometallurgy, and discloses a method for converting hafnium oxalate feed liquid into hafnium sulfate feed liquid, which comprises the following steps: adding a sulfuric acid solution and an oxidizing agent into the hafnium oxalate feed liquid, and reacting at a certain temperature to obtain the hafnium sulfate feed liquid. Oxidants used in the method are preferably hydrogen peroxide and ozone, other impurity ions are not introduced, and the purity of the product is not influenced at all. Oxidation products are H2O and CO2 and are basically free of pollution to the environment. The process of evaporation, filtration, calcination, redissolution and the like of a traditional evaporation method and an alkali precipitation-redissolution method is not needed, the operation is simple, the efficiency is high, the cost is low, and the operability is high. The method for adding the sulfuric acid solution and the oxidizing agent into the oxalate feed liquid is also suitable for converting oxalate solutions of other metal ions into sulfate solutions, including but not limited to zirconium oxalate, titanium oxalate, thorium oxalate, scandium oxalate, niobium oxalate, tantalum oxalate, vanadium oxalate, cobalt oxalate, cesium oxalate and rubidium oxalate.

The present application belongs to the field of mineral flotation, and particularly relates to a method for enriching rubidium and / or cesium in a mineral by flotation, wherein a target mineral containing at least one target element of rubidium and / or cesium is mixed with a flotation reagent containing a collector of formula 1 to perform flotation, and a flotation concentrate enriched with the target element is collected. 10 ~C 18 The alkyl group, M is H, Na, K or ammonium ion. The present application shows that the collector of formula 1 is used innovatively, which can realize synergy based on the combination of intramolecular-COO and R-N- in the alpha position, so as to adapt to the collection characteristics of rubidium and / or cesium minerals, and excellent collection and enrichment effect of rubidium and / or cesium minerals can be obtained.

The invention belongs to the technical field of salt lake resource development and rare metal recovery, and discloses a fibrous rubidium adsorbent as well as a preparation method and application thereof, a metal-based Prussian blue analogue spinning solution is synthesized in a non-aqueous system through a one-pot method, and the fibrous rubidium adsorbent is directly prepared through wet spinning. The preparation of the powder adsorbent and the molding of the composite material are integrated, so that the process is simplified, and the problem of powder agglomeration is avoided. The prepared fibrous rubidium adsorbent has the rubidium ion adsorption capacity of 248.73 mg / L, achieves adsorption equilibrium within 7 min, is suitable for industrially recovering rubidium from high-salinity salt lake brine, and has remarkable economic and environmental benefits.

The present application relates to the technical field of metallurgy, and particularly relates to an extraction device for rubidium and cesium salts in lepidolite. The present application can improve the efficiency of extracting rare metal elements from lepidolite, reduce the waste of rare resources, and help to simplify the process operation of extraction. The present application comprises a support, an extraction cylinder, a plate cover, a bolt and the like. The extraction cylinder is fixedly connected to the upper part of the support. Plate covers are clamped on both sides of the middle part of the extraction cylinder. Bolts are inserted into the left and right sides of the middle part of the extraction cylinder. The present application drives the six-sided rod to rotate by rotating the threaded rod driven by the motor, so that the stirring rod rotates and stirs the solid-liquid mixture of the mixed lithium mica powder and dilute sulfuric acid solution on the high-temperature rubber plug, avoids the precipitation of the lithium mica powder, and further makes the lithium mica powder and the dilute sulfuric acid solution fully mixed, so that the chemical reaction occurs rapidly, and the metal elements such as rubidium, cesium and lithium in the lithium mica powder are extracted.

The invention provides a method for extracting lithium, rubidium and cesium in lepidolite from acidic fluorgypsum, and belongs to the technical field of ore resource recovery. According to the method, residual sulfuric acid and sulfate radical groups of the acidic fluorgypsum are utilized, synergistic efficient extraction of lithium, rubidium and cesium in the lepidolite is achieved under the condition that an alkaline neutralizer does not need to be additionally added, harmless treatment of the fluorgypsum is synchronously completed, the chemical consumption in the process of extracting lithium from the lepidolite can be remarkably reduced, and the cost is reduced. And a new green treatment way can be opened up for mass utilization of fluorgypsum, and the method has remarkable economic, environmental and social benefits.

The invention relates to an atomic gas chamber and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method of the atomic gas chamber comprises the following steps: providing an atomic gas chamber glass bulb; rubidium steam is filled in the atomic gas chamber glass bulb; the atomic gas chamber glass bulb is filled with mixed gas; wherein the mixed gas comprises xenon 129, xenon 131, hydrogen and a buffer gas; the voltage division ratio of the xenon 129 to the xenon 131 is (1: 4)-(1: 9); carrying out heat preservation treatment on the atomic gas chamber glass bulb, and reacting rubidium steam with hydrogen to generate a rubidium hydride film layer; and the rubidium hydride film layer covers the inner wall of the atomic gas chamber glass bulb. According to the preparation method of the atomic gas chamber, provided by the invention, the atomic spin relaxation time of xenon 129 and xenon 131 can be prolonged, the relaxation performance of two isotopes can be balanced, the performance of the atomic gas chamber is further improved, and the requirements of application scenes such as a quantum inertia instrument on the atomic spin stability of the atomic gas chamber are met.

The invention provides a method for extracting rubidium and cesium from mixed salt or solution containing rubidium and cesium, which comprises the following steps: S1, providing a raw material, and purifying an ionic solution containing rubidium and cesium to obtain a solution containing rubidium and cesium; s2, aluminum sulfate and sulfuric acid are added into the solution containing rubidium and cesium for preferential crystallization of cesium, and a first batch of aluminum alum crystals and a first mother solution are obtained; s3, dissolving and purifying the first batch of alumen crystals to obtain high-purity cesium salt; s4, sequentially carrying out evaporation concentration and crystallization separation on the first mother liquor to obtain a second batch of alumen crystals and a second mother liquor; and S5, fusing and purifying the second batch of alumen crystals to obtain high-purity rubidium salt, and returning the second mother liquor to the step S1 for recycling, and the method has the effects of high extraction recovery rate and low cost.

The invention provides a synthesis method of a negative charge highly delocalized sulfonyl imide alkali metal salt {[(R3SO2) (R2 (R1SO2N) SO) N] M), M = Li, Na, K, Rb or Cs}. The synthesis method comprises the following steps: carrying out oxidation and fluorination reaction on alkyl (S-alkyl sulfonyl imide) potassium sulfinate (or rubidium or cesium) and an N-fluorine electrophilic reagent to synthesize alkyl (S-alkyl sulfonyl imide) sulfonyl fluoride with the yield of 70-90%; the obtained alkyl (S-alkyl sulfimide) sulfonyl fluoride and sulfamide containing substituent R3 or alkali metal salt thereof are subjected to nucleophilic substitution reaction, the product is purified to obtain the high-purity negative-charge highly-delocalized sulfimide alkali metal salt, and the method has the characteristics that the operation is simple, the raw materials are low in price, the product is easy to separate and purify, the method is suitable for industrial mass production, and the like; and the prepared negative charge highly delocalized sulfimide alkali metal salt is high in chemical stability and good in solubility, and is a preferable electrolyte material for realizing high-specific-energy power and energy storage batteries.

The application discloses a preparation method and application of a rubidium and cesium adsorbent, and relates to the mixing of a certain amount of a complexing agent, a salt solution A and a salt solution B, the regulation of the coprecipitation reaction process of the salt solution A and the salt solution B by the complexing agent, and the preparation of the rubidium and cesium adsorbent. The rubidium and cesium adsorbent prepared by the method has high adsorption capacity, high adsorption selectivity and high stability, and can realize the effective separation of rubidium and cesium from brine.

The invention belongs to the field of selective adsorbents, and particularly relates to a rubidium and cesium ion selective adsorbent based on a graphene composite material and application thereof.The rubidium and cesium ion selective adsorbent is prepared by conducting surface carboxyl activation and crown ether grafting on the surface of a three-dimensional cross-linked graphene skeleton to obtain a crown ether functionalized graphene composite material; and performing in-situ growth of copper ferrocyanide nanoclusters on the crown ether functionalized graphene composite material. The rubidium cesium ion selective adsorbent realizes efficient selective adsorption of Rb < + > and Cs < + >, reaches adsorption equilibrium within 30 min in simulated high-level liquid waste, has Cs < + > and Rb < + > saturated adsorption capacities of 185 mg / g and 142 mg / g respectively, and has excellent acid-base stability and electrochemical regeneration capacity.

According to the method for testing the purity of the metal rubidium, an organic alcohol-nitric acid solution system is adopted to dissolve a metal rubidium sample, organic alcohol can accelerate the dissolution rate of the metal rubidium sample, on one hand, the contact time of the metal rubidium sample and air can be greatly shortened, and the spontaneous combustion risk of the metal rubidium sample in the air is reduced; therefore, the safety of the whole test process is improved; on the other hand, the dissolution efficiency is improved, so that the possibility that the metal rubidium sample is exposed in the air for a long time is reduced, impurities in the air are prevented from being mixed into a sample system to interfere a test result, and the accuracy of the test result is improved; meanwhile, the nine impurity elements are accurately tested by combining two high-sensitivity and high-precision analysis means of inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry and inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, and the accuracy of the test result is further guaranteed by calculating the total mass of the impurities and converting the purity of the metal rubidium.

Embodiments of current disclosure include a multicore optical fiber including a common-cladding region having a refractive index Δcc and an outer radius RCC; and at least two core portions disposed within the common-cladding region, wherein each core portion includes a central axis, a core region extending from the central axis to an outer radius ri, wherein each of the at least two core portions is doped with a dopant from a group including sodium, potassium, rubidium or combination thereof, an inner-cladding region encircling and directly contacting the core region and extending from the outer radius r1 to an outer radius r2, a trench region encircling and directly contacting the inner cladding region and extending from the outer radius r2 to an outer radius r3, the trench region having a trench volume greater than or equal to 20% Δ micron2 and less than or equal to 60% Δ micron2.

The invention provides a method for enriching rubidium from magnesium sulfate subtype salt lake brine. The method comprises the following steps: evaporating the magnesium sulfate subtype salt lake brine, stopping evaporation when the potassium concentration and the magnesium concentration in the brine respectively reach 1.5-3wt% and 3-7wt%, and carrying out solid-liquid separation to obtain a first solid and a first liquid; the first liquid is diluted and then subjected to nanofiltration treatment, at least part of magnesium ions and sulfate ions in the first liquid are removed, and first concentrated water and first produced water are obtained; the first produced water is evaporated, concentrated and crystallized, sodium and potassium in the first produced water are separated out in the form of salt, the rubidium concentration is increased, evaporation is stopped when the preset rubidium concentration is reached, and second liquid, namely the rubidium-rich brine is obtained. The method has the advantages of high rubidium comprehensive recovery rate, full utilization of natural evaporation, no need of other chemical precipitators, low cost, effective reduction of the yield loss of rubidium in the whole concentration process, realization of effective enrichment of rubidium in the magnesium sulfate subtype brine, and provision of a high-quality raw material for subsequent separation of rubidium resources.

The invention discloses a high-stability rubidium-boron-silicon superhard compound and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of superhard materials, the superhard compound is a composite structure block material formed by taking rubidium-boron-silicon as a basic framework and introducing an alkali metal regulator; the composite structure comprises a high-entropy ceramic matrix and nano twin crystals distributed in the matrix; the high-entropy ceramic matrix is a solid solution consisting of rubidium, boron, silicon and alkali metal cations introduced by the alkali metal regulator; the nano twin crystal is a lamellar crystal structure with coherent twin boundaries; through collaborative innovation of a material system and a preparation process, the rubidium-boron-silicon superhard compound with ultrahigh hardness and excellent thermal stability is developed, and a brand new solution is provided for superhard materials serving in an extremely high-temperature environment.

This invention discloses a method for the comprehensive recovery of lithium, rubidium, and cesium from lithium ore leachate. It employs a combined process of cascade extraction-washing-back-extraction and electrodialysis, which not only efficiently separates valuable metals such as lithium, rubidium, and cesium from alkaline earth metals such as sodium, potassium, and calcium in the lithium ore leachate, but also significantly reduces the amount of water entering the rubidium and cesium extraction stages compared to a single extraction system by initially concentrating the lithium extraction residue. This invention uses cascade extraction-washing-back-extraction after sodium carbonate precipitation to remove calcium from the leachate, thus enriching lithium and avoiding the drawback of low lithium recovery rates caused by lithium entrainment in crystallized salts during traditional evaporation and concentration processes. This invention also employs stepwise extraction of rubidium and cesium, using cascade washing to remove most impurity ions before back-extraction enrichment to obtain high-purity cesium-rich and rubidium-rich solutions, thereby preparing high-purity rubidium and cesium salt products. The method of this invention is simple to operate, has no environmental hazards, and is applicable to the recovery of valuable metals such as lithium, rubidium, and cesium from most lithium ores.