Method for extracting lithium and other alkali metal elements from lepidolite mineral

A technology of metal elements and lepidolite, applied in the direction of improving process efficiency, can solve problems such as equipment corrosion, low production efficiency, environmental pollution, etc., and achieve the effect of eliminating environmental impact, reducing energy consumption and cost, and reducing processing procedures

Inactive Publication Date: 2011-02-16
CENT SOUTH UNIV
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  • Abstract
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  • Claims
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Problems solved by technology

[0008] The production process of lime roasting method adopts high dosage of lime, high processing temperature, large amount of material, high energy consumption and low production efficiency, and the production cost is high when processing low-grade lepidolite ore
The pressure cooking method and the sulfuric acid method need to pre-roast and transform lepidolite, high-temperature water vapor defluorination, high-temperature reaction to generate hydrogen fluoride gas, which brings environmental pollution and equipment corrosion problems; at the same time, the pressure cooking method uses high-pressure high-temperature equipment and operation, investment and high operating costs; the sulfuric acid method uses potassium sulfate, sulfuric acid and other materials, which increases the process cost
The temperature control requirements of the chlorination roasting method are high: the roasting temperature is too low, the lithium concentrate cannot be fully chlorinated, and the lithium recovery rate is low; the temperature is too high, the clinker is melted and bonded, and rings form in the rotary kiln, making the operation difficult

Method used

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  • Method for extracting lithium and other alkali metal elements from lepidolite mineral

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Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0049] The main components and content (%) of lepidolite ore are: Li 2 O 3.6; (K, Na) 2 O 8.5; (Rb, Cs) 2 O 1.4; Al 2 o 3 22.5; SiO 2 58.0; F 4.5.

[0050] Mix lepidolite, calcium chloride, and sodium chloride at a mass ratio of 1.00:0.28:0.42 to make ~25mm raw ore pellets; roast the above-mentioned raw ore pellets at 850°C for 50 minutes, and cool the furnace gas. Collect smoke and dust and purify; after roasting, the cooked ore pellets are quenched with an aqueous solution, and then wet ball milled, together with the smoke and dust, use an aqueous solution to dissolve lithium, potassium, rubidium and cesium at room temperature, and obtain lithium, potassium, sodium, rubidium and cesium mixed chloride solution in water. Silicon and aluminum in the slag are mainly composed of (Ca, Na)O·(Al, Si) 2 o 3 2SiO2 2 and CaO·SiO 2 exists, fluorine is fixed as CaF 2 .

[0051] The dissolution yields (%) of each main component are: Li 91.2; K 93.3; Rb+Cs 87.1;

[0052] The f...

Embodiment 2

[0054] The main components and content (%) of lepidolite ore are: Li 2 O 4.5; (K, Na) 2 O 9.2; (Rb, Cs) 2 O 1.6; Al 2 o 3 28.2; SiO 2 47.0; F 5.2

[0055] Mix lepidolite, calcium sulfate, and sodium sulfate at a mass ratio of 1.00:0.72:0.48 to make ~25mm raw ore pellets; roast the above raw ore pellets at 950°C for 30 minutes, cool the furnace gas, and collect smoke and dust and purification treatment; after roasting, the cooked ore pellets are quenched with an aqueous solution, and then wet ball milled, together with the dust, an aqueous solution is used to dissolve lithium, potassium, rubidium and cesium at 70°C to obtain lithium, potassium, sodium, rubidium and cesium. Mix the sulfate solution. Silicon and aluminum in the slag are mainly composed of (Ca, Na)O·(Al, Si) 2 o 3 2SiO2 2 Existence, fluorine is fixed as CaF2.

[0056] The dissolution yield (%) of each main component is respectively: Li 93.1; K 94.4; Rb+Cs 88.7;

[0057] The fixation rate of fluorine in ...

Embodiment 3

[0059] The main components and content (%) of lepidolite ore are: Li 2 O 5.4; (K, Na) 2 O 8.1; (Rb, Cs) 2 O 1.7; Al 2 o 3 24.6; SiO 2 50.2; F 6.4

[0060] Mix lepidolite, calcium carbonate, and sodium hydroxide at a mass ratio of 1.00:0.55:0.45 to make ~25mm raw ore pellets; roast the above-mentioned raw ore pellets at 900°C for 20 minutes, cool the furnace gas, and collect Soot and purification treatment: After roasting, the cooked ore pellets are quenched with aqueous solution, and then wet ball milled, together with the soot, they are dissolved with an aqueous solution at 50°C to dissolve lithium, potassium, rubidium and cesium, etc., to obtain lithium, potassium, sodium, rubidium and cesium mixed hydroxide solution. The silicon and aluminum in the molten slag are mainly CaO·Al 2 o 3 2SiO2 2 , (Ca, Na)O · (Al, Si) 2 o 3 2SiO2 2 and CaO·SiO 2 exists, fluorine is fixed as CaF 2 .

[0061] The dissolution yield (%) of each main component is respectively: Li 92.4...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a high-temperature mineral phase reconstruction method for extracting lithium and other alkali metal elements from lepidolite mineral, comprising the following steps: mixing raw materials, pelletizing, calcining at high temperature, water quenching, ball milling, dissolving out, producing compounds and the like. The invention teaks raw mineral component composition to design target reconstruction mineral and composition to obtain the purpose of optimizing processes, lowering energy consumption and cost of treatment process and efficiently extracting lithium, potassium, rubidium, caesium and the like. Silicon and aluminum in lepidolite can enter anorthite type mineral phase (CaO.Al2O3.2SiO2, (Ca, Na)O. (Al, Si)2O3.2SiO2) and calcium ash quarry phase (CaO.SiO2) after mineral phase reconstruction, and do not dissolve in water and aqueous solution. After mineral phase reconstruction reaction, fluorine in lepidolite enters calcium fluoride mineral phase and does not dissolve in water and aqueous solution. Lithium and other alkali metal elements in lepidolite enter salt (chloride, sulfate) or alkali (hydroxide) phase of lithium and other alkali metal elements after mineral phase reconstruction reaction and can be dissolved in water and aqueous solution.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to an alkali metallurgy method in the field of nonferrous metallurgy, in particular to a method for extracting lithium and other alkali metal elements from lepidolite ore. Background technique [0002] "Lithium is an energy element in the 21st century", lithium and lithium salts are widely used in high-energy green batteries, aerospace, nuclear fusion power generation and other fields, and their demand is increasing; "21st century is the century of lithium", countries all over the world generally attach importance to lithium Industrial development. my country is rich in lepidolite resources, among which Li 2 The O content is generally around 4%. It is of great significance to develop lepidolite resources. [0003] At present, the metallurgical methods for extracting lithium from lepidolite mainly include lime roasting, pressure cooking, sulfuric acid, and chlorination roasting. [0004] (1) Lime roasting method: the lime method...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): C22B3/04C22B26/10C22B1/08C22B26/12
CPCY02P10/20
Inventor 胡启阳李新海郭华军王志兴颜群轩
Owner CENT SOUTH UNIV
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