Method for extracting rubidium salt and cesium salt

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for extracting rubidium salt and cesium salt. The method comprises the steps of 1) regulating a high-salinity solution to obtain an alkaline solution which has a pH value of 11-14; 2) extracting rubidium ions and cesium ions from the alkaline solution obtained from the step 1) in a centrifugal extractor through an organic extracting agent, thus obtaining a loaded organic phase (I) and raffinate; 3) washing the organic phase (I) obtained from the step 2) through washing water to obtain an organic phase (II) and a washing solution; 4) implementing reverse extraction to the loaded organic phase (II) through reverse extraction acid (I) to obtain a rubidium salt reverse extraction solution and an organic phase loaded with cesium ion; and 5) implementing reverse extraction to the organic phase loaded with the cesium salt obtained from the step 4) through reverse extraction acid (II) to obtain a cesium salt reverse extraction solution and a blank organic phase. The extraction method disclosed by the invention is simple and easy to implement, and can be matched with comprehensive development and utilization of a high-salinity medium to produce a rubidium salt and cesium salt product of preset type.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of hydrometallurgy, in particular to a method for extracting rubidium salt and cesium salt. Background technique [0002] Rubidium and cesium are two kinds of rare elements with extremely active chemical properties, which have excellent photoelectric properties, and have important uses in the fields of catalysts, photovoltaic cells, magnetic fluid power generation, and medicine. The content of rubidium in seawater is 0.15 mg / L. To extract 1 ton of rubidium from seawater, it needs to process 6 million cubic meters of seawater. However, the content of rubidium and cesium in high-salinity solutions such as some salt mine brines in Qinghai, Sichuan and other places and Jiangxi Yichun lepidolite lithium extraction mother liquor are 45-120 mg / L and 2-100 mg / L, which are dozens of times that in seawater. The concentration of other salt products can reach several grams / liter or tens of grams / liter during the production proce...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

Chinese patent CN86101311A discloses a patent titled "Technical Scheme for Extracting Rubidium and Cesium from Weathering Crust of Acid-Alkaline Magmatic Rock or Ion-Exchange Rare Earth Ore". The extraction agent used is highly toxic and has poor selectivity, which limits its application and development to a large extent.

Most of the existing technologies are optimized for the extraction agent and extraction conditions. The test is carried out in a separatory funnel, and the oil-water two-phase layering is completely carried out under the action of gravity. The time is extremely long; and the extraction process often needs to be used in multiple stages, and the steps required to use the separatory funnel to achieve this purpose are very complicated, resulting in a lot of waste of manpower, material resources, financial resources, and time

There are few studies on the use of extraction equipment in the existing technology, and it is still far away from realizing the industrialization and semi-industrialization of rubidium salt and cesium salt extraction.