The invention discloses adsorption and separation regulation type supercritical fluid extraction equipment, belongs to the field of pharmaceutical equipment, and aims to extract effective substances from traditional Chinese herbal medicines through supercritical properties of carbon dioxide. The equipment is mild in extraction adjustment, free of pollution, good in extraction performance, high inextraction rate, short in extraction time and short in production cycle; when effective substances are completely extracted and a separation step is carried out, a novel regulation adsorption component is introduced, effective substances which are not completely released from the carbon dioxide can be actively adsorbed and retained, so that the recycling rate of the effective substances can be increased; meanwhile, the equipment is supplemented by a sampling detection technique of the prior art, the adsorption component is adjusted according to detection on contents of the effective substancesin the carbon dioxide, the carbon dioxide can be rapidly circulated on premise that adsorption retention is met, the overall extraction efficiency and quality can be remarkably improved, and in addition, the effective substances can be conveniently desorbed and recycled and continuously reused through the adsorption component.