193 results about "Cesium ions" patented technology

The invention belongs to the technical field of a functional material, and discloses a method for preparing a composite adsorption material used for absorbing rubidium and cesium ions. The method is characterized in that a polymer layer containing an o-dihydroxybenzene structure is prepared through in-situ polymerization on the surface of a porous material, then am ion exchange function nano adsorbent layer is subjected to in-situ growth on the surface of the polymer layer, and the composite adsorption material can be obtained. The polymer layer on the surface of the porous material has strong rubidium caesium complexation and adsorption functions, has strong adhesion effect on a porous material and the ion exchange function adsorbent, greatly increase the stability of the composite adsorption material, is in favor of in-situ growth of the adsorbent, and can adjust and control the granularity of the adsorbent layer; during adsorption, a solution and the adsorbent are fully contacted, and are connected with the polymer layer through particle gaps of the adsorbent, synergism is used for absorbing rubdium and cesium, the adsorption capacity is high, and the composite adsorption material can be used for absorbing rubidium and caesium in salt lake brine and absorbing caesium in radioactivity waste water.

The invention provides a method for the preparation of a sorbent capable of efficiently and selectively sorbing cesium ions from an aqueous solution. The method comprises impregnating the pores of a high-porosity carrier material such as silica gel and porous adsorbent resin with water-soluble potassium or sodium hexacyanoferrate (II) and contacting the carrier material with a solution of a copper salt in a solvent in which the water-soluble hexacyanoferrate (II) is hardly soluble such as ethyl alcohol to convert the water-soluble hexacyanoferrate (II) into water-insoluble copper hexacyanoferrate (II). The cesium ions sorbed on the sorbent can be readily desorbed and the sorbent can readily be regenerated. Alternatively, the carrier material is impregnated with a water-soluble hexacyanoferrate (III) which is converted into copper hexacyanoferrate (III) followed by a reducing reaction of the same into copper hexacyanoferrate (II).

The invention discloses a simple, green, and environment-friendly synthesis method of a CsPbX3 perovskite quantum dot, wherein the X can be Cl, Br, or I. The synthesis method is characterized in that cesium ions, lead ions, and bromine ions are dissolved in a solvent, a proper amount of carboxylic acids and amines is added and taken as the stabilizing agent; a low pressure distillation method is adopted to separate the solvent from the cesium ions, lead ions, and bromine ions; cesium ions, lead ions, and bromine ions are precipitated out due to the evaporation of the solvent, and CsPbX3 perovskite quantum dots are formed. The synthesis method has the advantages that the solvent can be repeatedly used through a low pressure distillation technology, the cost is saved, the method is green and environment-friendly, the reaction temperature is low, the operation is simple, and the synthesis method is suitable for large scale massive production.

The invention discloses a method for extracting rubdium and cesium from acid brine. The method includes the steps that brine is pumped into an ammonium type chelate resin adsorption column, calcium ions and magnesium ions are adsorbed through the ammonium type chelate resin adsorption column, and effluent is brine without the calcium ions and the magnesium ions; the effluent is mixed with t-BAMBP or kerosene or sulfonated kerosene to be shaken, and a mixture stands still for layering and separation of a water phase and an organic phase; and reextraction is conducted on the organic phase, and the water phase containing rubidium chloride and cesium chloride is obtained. The method is simple in process, low in production cost, capable of achieving separate extraction for removing rubdium and cesium ions in radioactive water and free of secondary pollution.

The present invention discloses a novel class of calixarene crown ether bond-type silicon-based adsorption materials and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of metal ion adsorption material preparation. The adsorbent materials have the structure shown in the formula below: wherein, R is H or; and X = 2-12. During the preparation of the adsorbent materials, firstly modifying di(2-propoxy)calix [4] arene-crown-6 to bring reactive amino group to the molecular structure; then a preparing silicon-based precursor containing haloalkyl; and finally reacting amino-substituted di(2-propoxy)calix [4] arene-crown-6 with the silicon-based precursor containing haloalkyl, so that the calixarene crown ether groups are bonded on the silicon carrier to get a novel class of calixarene crown ether bond-type silicon-based adsorption materials. The method provided by the invention is simple in operation; and the obtained adsorption materials have excellent thermal stability and chemical stability, high reusability, and large adsorption capacity for cesium ions.

The invention discloses a method for extracting and separating uranyl ions from an aqueous phase. In the method, hydrophobic ion liquid serves as a diluting agent and octyl phenyl group-N, N-diisobutylamine formacyl methylphosphineoxide serves as an extracting agent so as to extract uranyl ions from an aqueous solution containing the uranyl ions. The method can be used for efficiently extracting the cesium ions from the aqueous phase, and the extracting distribution ratio can reach more than 10<3> at most. The method has a wide applicable range to different aqueous phase acidity conditions, and can be used for extracting the cesium ions from neutral conditions to 3MHNO3; ion liquid serves as a diluting agent, and phenomena which are disadvantageous to technology such as emulsification in the process of extracting the cesium ions do not exist. Ion liquid almost has no volatility, thus the system is environmental-friendly. To sum up, the method of the invention has favorable applicationprospect in the field of nuclear fuel recycling.

The invention discloses a technology for extracting lithium by processing lithium ores through a high-pressure steaming process. The technology comprises the following steps: mixing lithium ore powder with a powdery solid strong alkali for 20-40min to uniformity, directly letting in high-pressure steam, and carrying out dissolving and reacting of the powdery solid strong alkali and the lithium ores through utilizing water in the high-pressure water at a high temperature under a high pressure to completely generate soluble substances. In the invention, the strong alkali in the above reaction materials dissolves through absorbing water molecules in the water steam, so the application amount of the strong alkali can be substantially reduced, and the cost is saved. Lithium, sodium, potassium, rubidium and cesium ions in the lithium ores can be completely dissolved in a solution, so the lithium extraction is convenient, and the lithium yield is high. Fluorine in the lithium ores does not form strong-corrosion hydrofluoric acid corroding apparatuses. Reaction byproducts comprising an alumina sol and a silica sol can be directly sold, so the lithium extraction reaction cost is correspondingly reduced.

The invention discloses a method for extracting and separating cesium ions from an aqueous phase. In the method, hydrophobic ion liquid serves as a diluting agent and 25, 27-2(2-propoxy) calixarene [4]-26, 28-crown-6 serves as an extracting agent so as to extract cesium ions from an aqueous solution containing cesium ions. The method can be used for efficiently extracting the cesium ions from theaqueous phase, and the extracting distribution ratio can reach more than 10<3> at most. Ion liquid almost has no volatility, thus the system is environmental-friendly. The extracting system of the invention has a wide applicable range to different aqueous phase conditions and has favorable application prospect in the related field of extracting the cesium ions from high activity liquid waste.

The invention discloses sulfonated polyarylether based on a triphenylphosphine oxide structure unit and a preparation method thereof in the technical field of chemical industry. Sulfonated triphenylphosphine monomer, triphenylphosphine monomer and dihydroxyl monomer are used as raw materials to be polycondensed directly in polar solvent by the action of reaction accelerant to obtain a polymer with a structural formula as above, wherein, M is hydrogen ion, lithium ion, sodium ion, kalium ion, cesium ion or ammonium ion; when m is equal to 1, the polymer is a homopolymer containing sulfonated triphenylphosphine oxide; when m is more than 0 and less than 1, the polymer is the multipolymer containing the sulfonated triphenylphosphine oxide. The polymer has good thermal stability, mechanical property and solubility, large molecular weight and good compatibility with inorganic material and can be applied in proton exchange membrane fuel cell field.

The invention belongs to the technical field of metallurgy and discloses a method for extracting rubidium and cesium from lepidolite ores. The method comprises the steps: converting alpha-type lepidolite into beta-type lepidolite by using a microwave oven, smashing the beta-type lepidolite, mixing concentrated sulfuric acid to carry out microwave sulfatizing roasting, and soaking the beta-type lepidolite to obtain a mother solution of an alkali metal solution containing lithium, potassium, rubidium and cesium; then, circularly adsorbing cesium ions by using a cesium cation exchange resin column, and carrying out elution to obtain a cesium salt; and next, circularly adsorbing rubidium ions by using a rubidium cation exchange resin column, and carrying out elution to obtain a rubidium salt. If the lepidolite ores are treated by using the method disclosed by the invention, the energy consumption is low, no sulfur trioxide is produced, in addition, the extraction ratios of rubidium and cesium are high, and the subsequent lithium extraction process can be favorably simplified.

The invention, which belongs to the technical field of the solar cell, provides a perovskite solar cell and a preparation method thereof. In order to overcome a defect of poor humidity stability of the perovskite solar cell due to poor humidity stability of the existing perovskite type formamidinium lead iodide, the invention provides a method using cesium ion doping to improve the moisture-resistant capability of the formamidinium lead iodide and enhance humidity stability of the solar cell. The prepared perovskite solar cell uses a piece of FTO conductive glass (1) as a substrate; a compact titanium dioxide layer (2), a porous titanium dioxide layer (3), a perovskite layer (4), a hole transport layer (5) and an electrode (6) are formed on the substrate successively. And the perovskite layer is made of caesium-doped formamidinium lead iodide. According to the invention, the prepared perovskite solar cell has high humidity stability and is suitable for practical application. In addition, compared with the solar cell without cesium ion doping, the prepared solar cell has high efficiency and high repeatability and is suitable for popularization and practical production.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a supported ferrocyanide bacterial cellulose membrane for adsorbing Cs+. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: 1) pretreating abacterial cellulose membrane, and cutting the bacterial cellulose membrane into different sizes; 2) adsorbing transition metallic ions by using the bacterial cellulose membrane, soaking the bacterialcellulose membrane obtained in the step 1) into a transition metallic ion solution, and washing the surface of the bacterial cellulose membrane with distilled water; 3) supporting ferrocyanide on thebacterial cellulose membrane, soaking the bacterial cellulose membrane obtained in the step 2) into a potassium ferrocyanide solution, performing oscillation by using a table concentrator, and washingthe surface of the bacterial cellulose membrane with distilled water. The material prepared by using the method can be cut into different sizes according to demands, a ferrocyanide crystal is deeplyembedded into a fiber structure, and after treatment, the ferrocyanide is not liable to lose in the wastewater treatment process; the material has a relatively good adsorption property for radionuclide cesium ion, and meanwhile the problem that a bed layer has too large water resistance when the ferrocyanide is used independently is avoided.

The invention discloses a preparing method of a cesium ion adsorbing agent. The preparing method comprises the steps that firstly, carboxyl ferroferric oxide is prepared; secondly, carboxyl ferroferric oxide and a condensing agent are mixed, and a first mixture is obtained; thirdly, the first mixture is put into a solvent and stirred, an amination crown ether derivative is then added into the solvent, a reaction is carried out at the temperature ranging from 60 DEG C to 80 DEG C for at least 2 hours, and a second mixture is obtained, wherein the solvent is used for dissolving the amination crown ether derivative and the condensing agent; fourthly, the second mixture is subjected to solid and liquid separation, a first solid phase is obtained, cleaned and dried, and the cesium ion adsorbing agent is obtained. The invention further discloses the cesium ion adsorbing agent prepared through the method. The cesium ion adsorbing agent has high cesium ion adsorption selectivity and magnetism, and stable adsorption performance is maintained in the recycle use of adsorption and desorption. The cesium ion adsorbing agent can be applied to adsorption separation of cesium ions form radioactive nuclear waste, a polyion competing system and the like.

The present invention discloses a preparation method for a cesium ion adsorbent. The preparation method comprises the steps of: A, preparing aminated ferroferric oxide; B, mixing a carboxylated crownether derivative and a condensation agent to obtain a first mixture; C, placing the first mixture in a solvent to be stirred, adding the aminated ferroferric oxide into the solvent and performing a reaction at 40-80 DEG C for at least 1 h to obtain a second mixture, wherein the solvent is used for dissolving the carboxylated crownether derivative and the condensation agent; and D, performing solid-liquid separation on the second mixture to obtain a first solid phase, and washing and drying the first solid phase to obtain a cesium ion adsorbent. The present invention also discloses a cesium ion adsorbent obtained by the preparation method. The adsorbent has good cesium ion adsorption selectivity and magnetic properties, and retains stable adsorption performance after using in repeated adsorption-desorption cycles. The cesium ion adsorbent disclosed by the present invention can be applied to adsorbing and separating the cesium ion from systems such as radioactive waste and ionic competition systems.

The invention discloses a preparation method of cesium ion adsorbent. The method includes the steps that A, hydroxylation ferroferric oxide is prepared; B, hydroxylation ferroferric oxide is mixed with crown ether derivatives to obtain a first mixture; C, the first mixture is placed in solvent, stirred at the temperature of 50-80 DEG C and subjected to reflux for 1-2 h to obtain a second mixture, wherein the solvent is used for dissolving the crown ether derivatives; D, the second mixture is separated to obtain a first solid phase, the first solid phase is washed and dried, and the cesium ion adsorbent is obtained. The invention further discloses the cesium ion adsorbent prepared through the method, and the cesium ion adsorbent has high adsorption capacity and strong cesium ion adsorption selectivity; meanwhile, the cesium ion adsorbent has magnetism, and rapid solid-liquid separation can be achieved after cesium ions in a solution containing cesium ions are completely adsorbed. The cesium ion adsorbent can be used for adsorbing and separating out cesium ions from, for example, radioactive nuclear waste and multi-ion competition systems.

The invention relates to a preparation method of cesium carbonate. The cesium carbonate is prepared from raw materials of cesium powder, 98% of sulfuric acid and water, wherein a weight ratio of cesium powder to 98% of sulfuric acid to water is 1:0.7 to 0.8:1.8 to 2.2. The preparation method comprises the steps that: cesium powder is pretreated, such that a leached stock solution is obtained; the pH value of the stock solution is regulated; the stock solution is extracted, layered, back-extracted, dried by centrifugation, dried by baking, and packaged. After the processes, a finished product is obtained. The cesium carbonate preparation method provided by the invention is advantaged in that: (1) a high energy consumption of traditional alkali production methods is reduced, a requirement to equipment is reduced, and cesium carbonate production cost is greatly reduced; (2) generation of toxic substances during a production process with an acid method is avoided, production period is shortened, and productivity is improved; (3) a cesium ion leaching rate of the product provided by the present invention in a metal ion solution reaches 98.5%, while a cesium ion leaching rate of products provided with traditional technologies in a metal ion solution is 80%; (4) product quality is improved, and application scope of the product is enlarged.