84 results about "Formamidinium" patented technology

A 2-terminal multi-junction solar cell having a thin film of metal halide semiconductor as the top solar-cell material and crystalline silicon as the bottom solar-cell material. In the illustrative embodiment, the top solar-cell material is a perovskite of the form AM(IxH1-x)3, where A is a cation, preferably methylammonium (CH3NH3), formamidinium ([R2N—CH═NR2]+), or cesium; M is metal, preferably Pb, Sn, Ge; H is a halide, preferably Br or Cl; and x=iodine fraction, in the range of 0 to 1, inclusive. The integration of the two solar-cell materials is enabled by the use of a tunnel junction composed of indirect band-gap material.

A method is provided for preparing a thin film of perovskite material having an adjustable bandgap. The method forms a thin film of material having the formula BX2, where anionic part X is a halide, and where the cation B is lead (Pb), tin (Sn), or germanium (Ge). A solution is formed of materials with the formulas A1X and A2X, where cation A1 is formamidinium, and where cation A2 is an organic cation having a larger size larger than a methylammonium cation. The method deposits the solution over the BX2 thin film, and forms a perovskite material having the formula A11-YA2yBX3. For example, the A2 cation may be an ammonium cation such as ethylammonium, guanidinium, dimethylammonium, acetamidinium, or substituted derivatives of the above-mentioned ammonium cations. In one aspect, the perovskite material A1BX3 may be formamidinium iodide (FAI), and A2BX3 may be ethylammonium iodide (EtAI). Tandem solar cells are also provided.

A film comprising a crystalline halide perovskite composition having the following formula:AMX3   (1)wherein: A is an organic cation selected from the group consisting of methylammonium, tetramethylammonium, formamidinium, and guanidinium; M is at least one divalent metal; and X is independently selected from halide atoms; wherein the crystalline film of the halide perovskite composition possesses at least one of an average grain size of at least 30 microns, substantial crystal orientation evidenced in an ordering parameter of at least 0.6, and a level of crystallinity of at least 90%. Methods for producing films of these halide perovskite compositions using ionic liquids instead of volatile organic solvents are also described herein.

The invention discloses a novel amino acid derivative L-4-terazine-phenylalanine (3-(4-(1,2,4,5-tetrazin-3-yl) phenyl)-2-aminopropanoic acid). L-4-cyan-phenylalanine is used as an initial reactant and reacts with formamidine acetate and anhydrous hydrazine under catalysis of sulfur; then the reactants are oxidized by sodium nitrite to generate L-4-1,2,4,5-terazine-phenylalanine. The L-4-1, 2, 4, 5-terazine-phenylalanine is integrated into the biologically active peptide and protein molecules as phenylalanine / tyrosine analogue, and can be applied to on biological orthogonal field based on inverse electronic Diels-Alder reaction as a biomarker; meanwhile, the L-4-1,2,4,5-terazine-phenylalaninethe can be introduced into biologically active peptide as phenylalanine / tyrosine analogue through solid phase polypeptide synthesis method and conduct pharmacological evaluation, so as to improve drug property of certain biologically active peptide.

The invention discloses an N-trisubstituted-1,2,3-thiadiazoles-5-formamidine target compound of which the general formula is TDCA. The N-trisubstituted-1,2,3-thiadiazoles-5-formamidine target compound is obtained from an M compound through a cyclization reaction. The new synthetizing method is high in yield, catalysts are easy to prepare, the catalysts are low in cost, phosphoric waste water is less, and the multi-nitrogen heterocycle thiadiazoles-5-formamidine compound is environment-friendly. (As shown in the Description).

The invention discloses a novel method for synthesizing a 1,2,3-thiadiazole-5-formamidine compound. The target compound shown in general formula TDCA is prepared from a compound as shown in general formula M by virtue of a methylation reaction. The target component as shown in the general formula M is prepared from a compound as shown in general formula A and a compound as shown in general formula N by virtue of a condensation reaction, wherein during the methylation reaction, preferably, a catalyst is an organic metallic catalyst consisting of cuprous iodide and a ligand, namely 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl-3,5-heptadione; during the reaction, preferably, dimethylbenzene is taken as a solvent, and the optimum reaction temperature is 100-140 DEG C. The method disclosed by the invention is high in yield and more environment-friendly (as shown in Specification).

There is provided a photovoltaic device that comprises a photoactive region, the photoactive region comprising a perovskite material of general formula A1-xA′xBX3-yX′, wherein A is a formamidinium cation (HC(NH)2)2+), A′ is a caesium cation (Cs+)B is at least one divalent inorganic cation, X is iodide and X′ is bromide, and x is greater than 0 and equal to or less than 0.4 and y is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 3. There is also provided a method of producing a photovoltaic device comprising a photoactive region comprising the perovskite material, and formulations for use in the formation of the perovskite material.

The present invention relates to a crystalline compound comprising: (i) Cs+ (caesium); (ii) (H2N—C(H)═NH2)+ (formamidinium); (iii) one or more metal or metalloid dications [B]; and (iv) two or more different halide anions [X]. The invention also relates to a semiconductor device comprising a semiconducting material, which semiconducting material comprises the crystalline compound. The invention also relates to a process for producing a layer of the crystalline compound.

The invention belongs to the field of preparation of a thin film material, and particularly relates to preparation method and application of a black blue perovskite (FAPbI3) thin film. The method comprises the following steps of dissolving iodized formamidine (FAI) and lead iodide (PbI2) in a precursor solvent according to a certain stoichiometric ratio, and performing room-temperature stirring until complete dissolving is achieved, wherein the precursor solvent is a mixed solvent of Lewis base such as dimethylformamide (DMF) and N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP); spin-coating the perovskite precursor solution on a substrate at a certain rotational speed, and dropwise adding reversed-polarity solvents such as diethyl ether, chlorobenzene and methylbenzene after a spin-coating machine reaches a designated rotational speed; and placing the substrate on a heating table after spin-coating is ended, and performing annealing for 2-60 minutes under 120-180 DEG C to prepare the black blue perovskitethin film. The black blue perovskite (FAPbI3) thin film prepared by the method is high in purity and low in delta phase content, and a perovskite layer employed on a perovskite solar cell can employ the black blue perovskite thin film prepared by the method.

The invention, which belongs to the technical field of the solar cell, provides a perovskite solar cell and a preparation method thereof. In order to overcome a defect of poor humidity stability of the perovskite solar cell due to poor humidity stability of the existing perovskite type formamidinium lead iodide, the invention provides a method using cesium ion doping to improve the moisture-resistant capability of the formamidinium lead iodide and enhance humidity stability of the solar cell. The prepared perovskite solar cell uses a piece of FTO conductive glass (1) as a substrate; a compact titanium dioxide layer (2), a porous titanium dioxide layer (3), a perovskite layer (4), a hole transport layer (5) and an electrode (6) are formed on the substrate successively. And the perovskite layer is made of caesium-doped formamidinium lead iodide. According to the invention, the prepared perovskite solar cell has high humidity stability and is suitable for practical application. In addition, compared with the solar cell without cesium ion doping, the prepared solar cell has high efficiency and high repeatability and is suitable for popularization and practical production.

The invention relates to a method of forming a halide perovskite film, wherein deuterium oxide is mixed with a halide perovskite solution to form a halide perovskite film. The halide perovskite solution includes a metal cation, such as a lead, tin, germanium or bismuth cation, a halide anion, and at least one selected from an organic cation, such as methylammonium or formamidinium, and an inorganic cation, such as cesium, rubidium or potassium. A halide perovskite film comprising an organic cation with one or more carbon-deuterium bonds, and a solar cell comprising said halide perovskite filmare also disclosed.

The invention discloses a high-stability formamidine perovskite material, and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1, mixing a divalent metal halide, formamidine hydrohaloride and a specific additive, and dissolving the mixture in a high-polarity solution to obtain a precursor solution; and 2, preparing the precursor solution into a thin film by using a spin coating, blade coating or spray coating process, removing the high-polarity solution by using heating or anti-solvent washing, and heating the thin film at 150 DEG C to obtainthe formamidine perovskite material. The formamidine perovskite material prepared by the invention has good phase stability, narrow band gap width and good illumination operation stability.

A perovskite material including an organic-inorganic perovskite structure of formula (I), AnMX3 (I), n being the number of cation A and an integer >4, A being a monovalent cation selected from inorganic cations Ai and / or from organic cations Ao, M being a divalent metal cation or a combination thereof, X being a halide and / or pseudohalide anion or a combination thereof, wherein at least one cation A is selected from organic cations Ao, the inorganic cations Ai are independently selected from Li+, Na+, K+, Rb30, Cs+, or Tl+ and the organic cations Ao are independently selected from ammonium (NH4+), methyl ammonium (MA) (CH3NH3+), ethyl ammonium (CH3CH2NH3)+, formamidinium (FA) (CH(NH2)2+), methylformamidinium (CH3C(NH2)2+), guanidium (C((NH)2)3+), tetramethylammonium ((CH3)4N+), dimethylammonium ((CH3)2NH230) or trimethylammonium ((CH3)3NH+).

The invention belongs to a preparation method of a thin film material, and particularly relates to a post-repair method of a formamidino perovskite thin film through a post-gas repair mode. The methodcomprises the following steps: treating a formamidino perovskite (the structural formula is ABX3) initial film in ammonia gas, mixed gas containing the ammonia gas or a solution containing the ammonia gas for 0.1-30 minutes at 0-100 DEG C, thereby improving the uniformity of the formamidino perovskite film; introducing ammonia gas into the precursor solution forming the initial thin film to directly prepare the high-uniformity formamidino perovskite thin film. Compared with an evaporation method and a continuous deposition method, the process in the method is advantageous in that the processis easier to operate, low in cost and suitable for large-scale production; compared with an existing one-step solution method, the method has the advantages that large-area preparation can be achieved, and high crystallization quality is achieved; then the obtained film can be qualified for various device structures such as mesoporous and planar perovskite solar cells, diodes and lasers.

The invention discloses a DJ-type methylamine-free narrow-band-gap two-dimensional double-layer hybrid perovskite material and a preparation method and application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of photoelectric detection. Aiming at the problems of poor overall thermal stability and poor light stability of a material caused by use of methylamine cations and wide band gap of the material caused by use of methylamine cations in the prior art, the preparation method comprises the following steps: synthesizing a FAPbI3 compound with a three-dimensional perovskite structure through step-by-step synthesis, introducing aromatic diamine (3-aminomethylpyridine) cations to obtain a (3-aminomethylpyridine) (formamidine) Pb2I7 crystal material; the material shows excellent light absorption performance in ultraviolet and visible light regions; meanwhile, the material shows excellent broadband detection response performance, and the stability of the material in the environment reaches up to three months. As a novel semiconductor material, the perovskite material has potential application value in the fields of broadband photoelectric detection and the like.

The invention discloses an N, N'-(4-ethyoxyl carbonyl phenyl)-N'-benzyl formamidine preparation method, and belongs to the technical field of benzyl formamidine compound preparation, wherein N, N'-(4-ethyoxyl carbonyl phenyl)-N'-benzyl formamidine is mainly used for an ultraviolet light absorber. According to the N, N'-(4-ethyoxyl carbonyl phenyl)-N'-benzyl formamidine preparation method, ethyl p-aminobenzoate is used as the raw material, and the ethyl p-aminobenzoate is subjected to a synthetic route including formylation, condensation and N-alkylation to prepare the N, N'-(4-ethyoxyl carbonyl phenyl)-N'-benzyl formamidine product. The N, N'-(4-ethyoxyl carbonyl phenyl)-N'-benzyl formamidine preparation method has the remarkable advantages that the time for the overall reaction process is shortened, the total yield is increased, the cost is reduced because filtrate in an aftertreatment process of the formylation reaction and the condensation reaction can be recycled and reused, the yield of final products can be stabilized between 65% and 70%, and the preparation method is beneficial to industrial production.

The invention discloses a process for using iodine lead formamidine as a light absorbing layer of a solar cell and an application thereof, wherein the light-absorbing layer of the solar cell is specifically perovskite containing iodine-lead formamidine component, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing a mesoporous structure; (2) preparing a precursor solution containing FAPbI3 iodolead formamidine perovskite: preparing raw materials including PbI2, FAI, CsI, etc. according to chemical dosage ratio, dissolving the raw materials in a solvent and then uniformly stirring to obtain a clear and transparent precursor solution; (3) putting the precursor into the mesoporous structure, standing, and then annealing in the solvent atmosphere to obtain the structure containing iodine lead formamidine. As a result of the anneal treatment assisted by the solvent vapor, the vapor assist of the solvent can slow down the crystallization while inhibiting the volatilization of iodoformamidine (FAI) and the like, so that the FAPbI3 can be stabilized in the black phase in the mesoporous film structure.

Perovskites have high density of vacancies which absorb oxygen molecules and upon illumination, transform them into superoxide species which react with perovskites to decompose them, preventing use of these materials in many photo-applications. The present disclosure provides ways for improving the stability of perovskites in air ambient by doping perovskites with metals such as lead, cadmium, zinc, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper and tin which decreases the density of vacancies in perovskites and significantly increases the lifetime of perovskites. Perovskite solar cells containing inorganic and organic ions such as Cs+, formamidinium and methylammonium cations, Pb2+, Br— and I— with these metal dopants exhibit stable efficiency within a month of storage in air ambient with the relative humidity of 50%.

The invention discloses a method for obtaining a formamidinium bromide / PMMA composite material through in-situ polymerization cladding and application thereof. The method comprises the steps that firstly, the thermal injection technology is adopted for synthesizing and obtaining high-quality formamidinium bromide quantum dots, and acetonitrile and methylbenzene are used for purifying the quantum dots; secondly, the quantum dots and an MMA solution are mixed according to a certain proportion, under the illumination condition, a reaction is performed for a period of time for polymerization, anda fluid product with the certain viscosity is obtained; finally, a film scraping method is used for preparing a uniform green fluorescent film. The formamidinium bromide / PMMA composite material can beused for constructing a white light LED. The water and oxygen resistant formamidinium bromide quantum dot composite film material can be manufactured, and the efficient white light LED device can beobtained.

Described herein is an ink solution, comprising a composition of formula (I): ABX3 (I), wherein A comprises at least one cation selected from the group consisting of methylammonium, tetramethylammonium, formamidinium, cesium, rubidium, potassium, sodium, butylammonium, phenethylammonium, phenylammonium, and guanidinium; B comprises at least one divalent metal; and X is at least one halide; and a mixed solvent system comprising two or more solvents selected from the group consisting of dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, gamma-butyrolactone, 2-methoxyethanol, and acetonitrile. Methods for producing polycrystalline perovskite films using the ink solutions described herein and the use of the films in photovoltaic and photoactive applications are additionally described.

Described herein is an ink solution, comprising a composition of formula (I): ABX3(I), wherein A comprises at least one cation selected from the group consisting of methylammonium, tetramethylammonium, formamidinium, cesium, rubidium, potassium, sodium, butylammonium, phenethylammonium, phenylammonium, and guanidinium; B comprises at least one divalent metal; and X is at least one halide; and a mixed solvent system comprising two or more solvents selected from the group consisting of dimethyl sulfoxide, dimethylformamide, γ-butyrolactone, 2-methoxyethanol, and acetonitrile. Methods for producing poly-crystalline perovskite films using the ink solutions described herein and the use of the films in photovoltaic and photoactive applications are additionally described.

The invention relates to a preparation method of formamidinium bromide perovskite quantum dots with controllable size. The preparation method comprises the following steps: 1) completely dissolving a certain amount of formamidine acetate, lead bromide, hydrogen bromide, oleic acid and oleylamine in dimethylformamide to prepare a perovskite precursor; 2) injecting the precursor and different amounts of hydrogen bromide solutions into toluene to obtain a mixed solution; 3) centrifuging the mixed solution in a centrifuge tube to remove impurities to obtain formamidinium bromide perovskite quantum dots; and 4) dispersing the product in toluene to obtain the formamidinium bromide perovskite quantum dots with controllable size. The method has the advantages that the raw materials are cheap and easy to obtain, required equipment is simple, popularization is easy, and the size of the quantum dots can be adjusted by adding the amount of HBr. The quantum dots are suitable for the technical field of quantum dot material controllable preparation.

The present invention relates to a crystalline compound comprising: (i) Cs+ (caesium); (ii) (H2N—C(H)—NH2)+ (formamidinium); (iii) one or more metal or metalloid dications [B]; and (iv) two or more different halide anions [X]. The invention also relates to a semiconductor device comprising a semiconducting material, which semiconducting material comprises the crystalline compound. The invention also relates to a process for producing a layer of the crystalline compound.

The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of optoelectronic materials and particularly relates to a copper-doped red-light perovskite quantum dot and a preparation method thereof. According to the method, a cesium salt or a formamidine salt, copper acetate, lead bromide and lead iodide are adopted as raw materials, organic acids and organic amine are adopted as ligands, and the stable and efficient copper-doped red-light perovskite quantum dot processable in solutions are rapidly synthesized through a thermal injection method. The stability of the red-light perovskite quantumdot is greatly improved through copper doping, and meanwhile, it is ensured that the high-fluorescence quantum efficiency of the quantum dot approaches 90%. According to the quantum dot, the absorption wavelength is increased along with the increase of the doping amount of copper, and a blue shift phenomenon of corresponding fluorescence emission wavelength of the quantum dot occurs. Obtained red-light perovskite quantum dot powder has high stability and can still be stored for more than 15 days under the condition that the air humidity is higher than 85%. The preparation method is simple andenvironmentally friendly, and the obtained red-light perovskite quantum dot can be applied to photoelectric devices such as light-emitting diodes, photoelectric detectors, laser devices and solar cells.

The invention discloses a formamidino perovskite thin film, a perovskite battery assembly and a preparation method of the formamidino perovskite thin film. The preparation raw materials of the formamidino perovskite thin film comprise a formamidino perovskite precursor solution, and the perovskite precursor solution comprises a perovskite component and a high donor number solvent. By coating the formamidino perovskite precursor solution, and carrying out drying and annealing treatment, the formamidino perovskite thin film is obtained. According to the present invention, the perovskite precursor solution contains the high-donor-number solvent, the high-donor-number solvent and the perovskite component in the perovskite precursor solution are combined according to a specific proportion, so that a stable and compact transition phase crystal nucleus can be formed in the film forming process, the generation of inactive yellow-phase formamidino perovskite is inhibited, and the quality of the large-area perovskite thin film is improved, and accordingly the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the perovskite battery assembly is improved.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a high-stability perovskite quantum dot film by an in-situ crosslinking method. The method comprises the following steps: S1, preparing a lead-containing precursor solution; S2, preparing an isopropanol solution of halogenated methylamine, halogenated formamidine and halogenated cesium; S3, preparing a lead-containing polymer film; according to the method provided by the invention, the perovskite quantum dot / polymer hybrid film with high brightness and high stability can be prepared in an atmospheric environment.