This application relates to a spatial
downscaling method for meteorological element fields based on a retrieval and
diffusion generation model. This method generates corresponding high-resolution meteorological element fields from low-resolution meteorological element field sequence samples. By constructing a retrieval mechanism, a high-resolution reference meteorological element field related to the current input sample is obtained from a historical high-resolution meteorological element field
database. The target high-resolution meteorological element field is then progressively reconstructed using a
diffusion generation process. Simultaneously, physical consistency constraints are introduced to achieve spatial
downscaling of the meteorological element field while balancing generation quality and physical plausibility, thus improving the refinement, stability, and physical plausibility of the spatial
downscaling results. This method is applicable to various meteorological element fields, multi-source meteorological data, and various complex regional scenarios. It has strong
scalability and application value, and can be used for refined
weather forecasting, meteorological analysis of complex
terrain, monitoring and early warning of
severe weather,
aviation meteorological support, and related intelligent meteorological operational scenarios.