33results about How to "Large grain" patented technology

The invention discloses a ceramic heat sink material and a preparation method thereof, and the preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, taking a Si-Al alloy ingot, porous C-Si3N4 and a sintering aid as raw materials, and carrying out pre-sintering to obtain a compound; and S2, carrying out spark plasma sintering treatment on the compound in a vacuum atmosphere to obtain the ceramic heat sink material, according to the preparation method, the Si-Al alloy ingot and the porous C-Si3N4 are taken as raw materials, the Si-Al alloy ingot permeates into the porous C-Si3N4 material under the heating melting condition, the composite AlN-SiC ceramic material which is uniform in phase distribution and compact is formed in situ in combination with the sintering aid, the obtained ceramic heat sink material is large in crystal grain and small in number of crystal boundaries, scattering of phonons is reduced during heat conduction, and the heat sink material has the advantages of being high in heat sink efficiency and good in heat sink performance. The heat conductivity is improved; meanwhile, the prepared ceramic heat sink material is high in grain density and uniformity, low in oxygen content in crystal lattices and moderate in impurity-phase silicon content, so that the heat conductivity is high, and the ceramic heat sink material is suitable for being used as a heat sink ceramic substrate.

According to the high-grade non-oriented silicon steel with the high favorable texture ratio and the production method of the high-grade non-oriented silicon steel, primary cold rolling reduction, the reduction rate of each pass and the reduction rate of secondary cold rolling are regulated and controlled, meanwhile, the normalizing procedure is replaced with the high intermediate annealing temperature, the cost is reduced, and the production efficiency is improved. A large grain size is obtained before secondary cold rolling, a large number of shear bands are formed on the surface layer and the center layer of the cold-rolled sheet after secondary cold rolling, the area of the shear bands is far larger than the area of a grain boundary, the cold-rolled sheet is promoted to become a leading position of recrystallization nucleation, and meanwhile more {hk0} lt is achieved through a three-section continuous annealing process suitable for subsequent procedures; 001gt, 001gt; and {hkl} lt; 110gt, 110gt; grains of the texture grow up, grains of other orientations are increased, and {hkl} lt is further reduced; 111gt, 111gt; the proportion of the texture and the magnetic induction intensity B50 of the product are improved by more than 0.018 T, and B50 is greater than or equal to 1.66 T.

The invention discloses an anti-erosion and anti-permeation yttrium oxide refractory material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. According to the method, a small amount of sintering aid powder is doped into YO powder to reduce the sintering temperature, and meanwhile, the granularity of the powder, cold isostatic pressing parameters and a sintering process are regulated and controlled to prepare the YO refractory material which is high in density and large in grain size and does not generate a second phase. The method disclosed by the invention is suitable for preparing the powder for the Y2O3 crucible and the cold isostatic pressing formed Y2O3 crucible, and the erosion and infiltration resistance of the crucible to the titanium-aluminum alloy melt can be effectively improved.

The invention discloses a perovskite solar cell and a preparation method thereof, a laminated solar cell, a cell module and an electric device. The perovskite solar cell comprises a perovskite active layer, and the perovskite active layer comprises a perovskite structure substance and alkali metal fluorate. The perovskite active layer in the perovskite solar cell is doped with alkali metal fluorate, so that directional growth of perovskite grains can be effectively promoted, grain boundary defects of the perovskite active layer are reduced, bulk phase defects are passivated, non-radiative recombination of the perovskite active layer is reduced, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the perovskite solar cell is obviously improved. And moreover, a lattice structure can be effectively strengthened, material decomposition is inhibited, lattice vacancies are filled, external erosion is blocked, and ion migration is inhibited, so that the long-term stability of the perovskite solar cell is obviously improved. The laminated solar cell, the cell assembly and the electric device all comprise perovskite solar cells.

The invention provides a pre-lithiated silicon oxide composite material as well as a preparation method and application thereof, belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and is used for solving the technical problems of poor initial coulombic efficiency and stability of pre-lithiated silicon monoxide. The preparation method comprises the following steps: carrying out disproportionation reaction on silicon oxide at high temperature; and cooling to a relatively low temperature, introducing inert gas and carbon source mixed gas, and carrying out carbon coating through a chemical vapor deposition technology to form the SiOx / Si-C composite material. And mixing the treated silicon oxide with a lithium supplement agent, heating in an inert gas environment to pre-lithium, and washing and drying the product to prepare the high-performance silicon-oxygen composite material. According to the invention, the initial coulombic efficiency of the lithium ion battery is remarkably improved, and a more stable carbon-coated structure is formed, so that the capacity retention ratio and the cycling stability of the battery are enhanced. In addition, the technology has lower preparation cost, and is suitable for wide application in the battery manufacturing industry.

The invention provides a titanium dioxide-graphene composite material as well as a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: dispersing a certain amount of graphene oxide in an organic solvent to obtain a graphene oxide solution; adding butyl titanate into the graphene oxide solution, and stirring and mixing to obtain a first mixed solution; uniformly mixing a certain amount of nonionic surfactant with water to obtain a second mixed solution; gradually adding the second mixed solution into the first mixed solution, and uniformly stirring to obtain a third mixed solution; and carrying out hydrothermal treatment on the third mixed solution at a predetermined temperature for a predetermined time, cooling, filtering and drying to obtain the titanium dioxide-graphene composite material. According to the method, the preparation efficiency is high, and the photocatalytic performance of the titanium dioxide-graphene composite material is improved.

The utility model discloses an upper driving wire coiling device, and relates to the technical field of wire coiling, the upper driving wire coiling device comprises a device vertical frame, a coiling shaft assembly, a coiling shaft driving assembly and a solid solution water tank, the coiling shaft assembly is rotatably arranged on the device vertical frame in the longitudinal direction, and a plurality of coiling vertical rods distributed in the circumferential direction are arranged on one side of the bottom end of the coiling shaft assembly; the coiling shaft driving assembly is in transmission connection with one side of the top end of the coiling shaft so as to drive the coiling shaft assembly to rotate; and the solid solution water tank is driven by a telescopic piece to enter and exit from the lower part of the reel shaft assembly. By means of the method, solid solution can be conducted in time after the aluminum alloy wire is coiled, material grains are prevented from becoming large, subsequent additional solid solution pools can be reduced, and meanwhile the preorder rolling temperature is easier to control.

The present invention relates to an ebullated bed hydrogenation catalyst and a preparation method thereof, wherein the steps include preparing alumina, aluminum hydroxide, alkaline auxiliary agent and deionized water into a suspension, grinding with liquid, hydrothermal reaction, washing and filtering to obtain a wet filter cake A; taking the obtained wet filter cake A, adding deionized water, a peptizing agent solution and a dispersant solution to prepare a sol B with a certain content of aluminum oxide; injecting the sol B into a column containing an upper layer of oil and a lower layer of an alkaline solution to form the sol B, drying and roasting the formed product to obtain a product spherical carrier C; impregnating the carrier with an active metal component, and then directly placing it in a roasting furnace for roasting to obtain the ebullated bed hydrogenation catalyst of the present invention. The catalyst has the characteristics of suitable particle size, uniform particles, excellent performance, high strength and low abrasion.

The invention relates to a method for manufacturing a polycrystalline silicon resistor with U-shaped resistivity temperature characteristics, which comprises the following steps of: 1, depositing a polycrystalline silicon thin film (3) on a silicon oxide layer of a silicon substrate (1) by adopting an LPCVD (Low Pressure Chemical Vapor Deposition) process, 2, depositing a TEOS (Tetraethyl Orthosilicate) dielectric layer (4) on the polycrystalline silicon thin film (3), and carrying out RTA (Rapid Thermal Annealing); recrystallizing the polycrystalline silicon by adopting furnace tube process high-temperature annealing; 3, photoetching and injecting boron impurities to form a P-type polycrystalline silicon resistor (3-1); 4, photoetching a P-type polycrystalline silicon resistor pattern (3-1); and 5, depositing a dielectric layer (7) on the silicon oxide layer and the P-type polycrystalline silicon resistor. According to the polycrystalline silicon resistor prepared by the invention, the resistivity has a U-shaped characteristic along with the change of the temperature in the temperature range of-55 DEG C to + 125 DEG C, the transition temperature is about room temperature 25 DEG C, and the resistivity temperature coefficient in the temperature range of-55 DEG C to + 125 DEG C is 3.18 ppm / DEG C and is close to 0ppm / DEG C.

The utility model belongs to the technical field and discloses an electrolyte-resistant composite aluminum foil, a current collector and a battery. The electrolyte-resistant composite aluminum foil comprises a flexible base material, a plurality of conductive layers are symmetrically arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the flexible base material, and a barrier layer is arranged between every two adjacent conductive layers. A plurality of conducting layers are symmetrically arranged on the upper side and the lower side of a flexible base material, and a blocking layer is arranged between every two adjacent conducting layers; the barrier layer can break grain growth, reduce stress concentration and defects, increase the compactness of the film layer, improve the overall weather resistance of the film layer, prolong the service life of the composite aluminum foil, and indirectly prolong the cycle life of the battery.

The invention discloses a silicon-aluminum material and a preparation method thereof. After being roasted at 500-700 DEG C, the silicon-aluminum material has the following properties: the content of silicon dioxide is 20-75wt%, and the pore volume is 0.70-1.5 mL / g; and the specific surface area is 280-400 m < 2 > / g. The preparation method of the silicon-aluminum material comprises the following steps: (1) uniformly mixing a silicon-containing compound A, an auxiliary agent A, an aluminum-containing compound and water to obtain a material flow A; (2) carrying out heat treatment on the material flow A in the presence of organic amine to obtain a material flow B; (3) uniformly mixing a silicon-containing compound B, an acidic aluminum-containing compound, an alkaline aluminum-containing compound and water, and treating to obtain a material flow C; (4) mixing the material flow C with an auxiliary agent B to obtain a material flow D; and (5) mixing the material flow B and the material flow D, carrying out hydrothermal treatment, and then washing, drying and roasting to obtain the silicon-aluminum material. The provided silicon-aluminum material shows certain molecular sieve characteristics, has the characteristics of high B acid content and stepped pore channel distribution, and is especially suitable for being used as a carrier of a hydrogenation catalyst.

The present invention discloses a precision cutting and forging process suitable for large pitch track segments. First, the steel billet is obtained by smelting and continuous casting according to a specific chemical composition; then, it is hot-rolled into round steel, cut into sections, heated, flattened, pre-forged, final forged, and precision-cut to obtain a track segment blank; finally, it is solution treated under pulse electric field conditions, water quenched, oil cooled, aged, quenched with quenching liquid, tempered, and air-cooled under pulse magnetic field conditions. The present invention screens and obtains a specific chemical composition, and combines it with a corresponding heat treatment process to greatly improve product performance. The process of the present invention is suitable for the processing of track segments with a pitch of more than 200 mm, and the track segments have excellent performance.

The invention discloses a method for achieving additive manufacturing high-temperature alloy grain supernormal coarsening based on seed crystal guided directional recrystallization heat treatment, and relates to a coarsening method for additive manufacturing high-temperature alloy grains. The invention aims to solve the technical problem of insufficient high-temperature creep property caused by small grain size of the existing additive manufacturing nickel-based high-temperature alloy. According to the method, the single crystal layer with target orientation, namely the seed crystal, is prepared in the additive manufacturing stage, then the grain boundary of the seed crystal is continuously heated through the electromagnetic induction coil in the subsequent heat treatment, forced recrystallization is carried out by taking the seed crystal as a unique or absolute dominant growth source, namely oriented recrystallization is carried out, so that the growth of other crystal grains is inhibited, and the yield of the product is improved. And finally, an ultra-large grain structure with the seed crystal as the main source is obtained in the additive component, the average grain length of the ultra-large grain structure can be increased by two or more orders of magnitude compared with the original additive state and reaches the millimeter level or even the centimeter level, and the crystal orientation is highly consistent with the preset seed crystal orientation.

The invention provides an ultrahigh heat conduction and corrosion resistance magnesium alloy and a preparation method thereof. The ultrahigh heat conduction and corrosion resistance magnesium alloy is an Mg-Zn-Ca-RE alloy system. Wherein RE is a rare earth element, the content of RE is 0.3-0.5 wt.%, the content of Zn is 4.5-5.5 wt.%, the content of Ca is 0.05-0.1 wt.%, and the balance is Mg and unremovable impurities. RE is at least one of La, Ce and Sm. According to the preparation principle, smelting, semi-continuous casting, annealing, extrusion cogging and graded rolling treatment are carried out, and the ultrahigh-heat-conduction corrosion-resistant magnesium alloy with high strength, high heat conduction performance and excellent corrosion resistance can be obtained.

The present invention relates to a perovskite solar cell regulated by crystallization and a preparation method thereof, the method comprising: drying a clean conductive base layer with nitrogen and performing ultraviolet-ozone treatment; preparing an electron conduction layer on the conductive base layer; preparing a prolineamide-doped perovskite light-absorbing layer on the electron conduction layer; preparing a proline modified layer on the perovskite light-absorbing layer; preparing a hole conduction layer on the proline modified layer; and sputtering a metal electrode on the hole conduction layer using a magnetron sputtering instrument or an evaporation evaporation method to prepare a metal electrode layer. It can effectively reduce the contact between the electron conduction layer and the hole conduction layer, reduce leakage current, improve photoelectric conversion efficiency, and is conducive to blocking the infiltration of oxygen and improving the stability of the perovskite material.

The invention discloses a high-strength light-weight aluminum alloy and a preparation method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of aluminum alloy preparation. The high-strength light-weight aluminum alloy is composed of, by weight, 80-90 parts of composite alloy, 11-15 parts of composite organic refiner and 23-28 parts of organic coating, the composite organic refiner is prepared from graphite powder, potassium permanganate, hexadecyl ammonium bromide, 2-aminoterephthalic acid and tetrabutyl titanate, and the organic coating is prepared from 4, 4 '-dihydroxy-4, 4'-dihydroxy-4, 4 '-dihydroxy-4, 4'-dihydroxy-4, 4 '-dihydroxy-4, 4'-dihydroxy-4, 4 '-dihydroxy-4, 4'-dihydroxy-4, 4 '-dihydroxy-4, 4'- The aluminum alloy is prepared from 4, 4 '-(acetylene-1, 2-diyl) diphthalic anhydride, 4, 4'-(4, 4 '-diaminodiphenyl ether, 4, 4'-(acetylene-1, 2-diyl) diphthalic anhydride, 4, 4 '-oxybisphphthalic anhydride, 3, 4'-diaminodiphenyl ether and 3-aminophenylacetylene, and the aluminum alloy prepared through the method has excellent strength and light weight.

The invention discloses a magnetic field assisted surface laser shock strengthening hard alloy device and method, the device comprises a laser galvanometer, a container and a magnetic field generator, a hard alloy sample to be processed is placed in the container, deionized water covers the hard alloy sample to be processed in the container, and the magnetic field generator comprises two Helmholtz coils; a uniform magnetic field is formed between the two Helmholtz coils, the container is arranged between the two Helmholtz coils, the laser galvanometer is aligned with a hard alloy sample to be processed, and the laser galvanometer can generate an infrared laser beam to perform laser shock peening on the hard alloy sample to be processed. According to the method, the alternating magnetic field is applied to the surface of the workpiece through the electromagnetic field, migration of the Co phase is accurately regulated and controlled, distribution of the ceramic phase and the metal phase is improved, and active regulation and control of the surface microstructure are achieved. And surface oxide layer refining grains are removed through alternating magnetic field assisted laser shock peening, a gradient structure is generated on the surface layer, and the mechanical property of the hard alloy is effectively improved.

The embodiment of the invention provides a perovskite precursor solution. The perovskite precursor solution comprises a perovskite material, an organic additive and an organic solvent, wherein the organic additive comprises one or two of trifluoromethyl aromatic carboxylic acid and trifluoromethyl sulfo aromatic carboxylic acid. According to the technical scheme, the perovskite precursor solution can significantly improve the stability of a perovskite light absorption layer in a humid environment and prolong the service life of a device; and the nucleation rate and the growth process of the crystal can be adjusted, the increase of perovskite crystal grains is promoted, the grain boundary defects are reduced, the carrier recombination is reduced, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency is improved.

The invention relates to a precision strip for a lithium battery explosion-proof sheet and a processing technology of the precision strip. The processing technology comprises the following steps: S1, raw material blooming; s2, recrystallizing and annealing the intermediate blank; s3, finish rolling of a finished product; and S4, recrystallizing and annealing a finished product. The raw material steel belt is made of stainless steel, so that the explosion-proof sheet manufactured subsequently has excellent corrosion resistance and high temperature resistance, in finish rolling of a finished product, the last two passes of rolling are rolled through a special point-shaped working roller with the surface roughness Ra being 1.0-1.5 microns, the surface roughness Ra of the steel belt reaches 0.5-0.7 microns, the scratch resistance of the explosion-proof sheet can be remarkably improved, and the service life of the explosion-proof sheet is prolonged. After recrystallization annealing of a finished product is completed, the finished product steel belt obtains low-hardness and ultra-large grains, the average grain size is smaller than or equal to 6 grades, the requirement of the anti-explosion piece for the residual thickness of the anti-explosion scribed line can be met, the residual thickness is stably larger than 0.05 mm, and the safety performance of the battery is guaranteed.

The invention relates to a corrosion-resistant magnetically soft alloy, in particular to a high-chromium high-plasticity corrosion-resistant magnetically soft alloy and a preparation method of a bar of the high-chromium high-plasticity corrosion-resistant magnetically soft alloy. Comprising the following steps: proportioning: weighing 2.2-2.8% by weight of silicon and 0.3-0.6% by weight of manganese as alloying raw materials; the method comprises the following steps: weighing 0.005 to 0.008 percent of carbon and 0.8 to 1.2 percent of aluminum as a deoxidizing and desulfurizing agent; 19.0-21.0% of chromium and the balance iron are weighed to serve as smelting raw materials; and vacuum melting, molten steel deoxidation, desulfurization and alloying, primary forging, secondary forging and heat treatment are conducted, and the high-chromium high-plasticity corrosion-resistant magnetically soft alloy bar is manufactured after heat treatment is completed. By increasing the content of chromium in the corrosion-resistant magnetically soft alloy and introducing the aluminum element, the corrosion resistance, plasticity, resistivity and magnetic performance of the corrosion-resistant magnetically soft alloy are improved.

The invention provides a method for preparing a thin-film solar cell from cadmium sulfide based on a post-selenylation and hydrothermal deposition method. The morphology of the cadmium sulfide thin film can be improved by preparing cadmium sulfide through the hydrothermal deposition method, and the cadmium sulfide thin film prepared through the hydrothermal deposition method is compact in morphology, clean and transparent. The crystallinity of the selenium antimony sulfide thin film subjected to post-selenylation is improved, and defects are reduced. The thin-film solar cell comprises a conductive substrate (including FTO and the like), an electron transport layer (CdS), a selenium antimony sulfide (Sb2 (S, Se) 3 for short) absorption layer, a hole transport layer and a metal counter electrode. The morphology of the cadmium sulfide thin film is improved, the morphology is improved through the selenium selenide antimony sulfide thin film, the energy level orientation is good, the deep energy level defect is reduced, and the efficiency of the thin film solar cell can be improved.

The invention relates to a dispersion sigma phase-containing enhanced multi-principal-element alloy and a preparation method thereof, the general formula of chemical components is AlaNibCocCrd according to atomic percent, a is equal to 15, b is greater than or equal to 47 and less than 49, c is greater than 18 and less than or equal to 19, d is greater than 18 and less than or equal to 19, and a + b + c + d is equal to 100. The method has the advantages that the dispersed sigma phase reinforced multi-principal-element alloy is obtained by adopting the proportion of four components of Al, Ni, Co and Cr through alloy burdening and smelting, homogenization treatment, cold rolling deformation, recrystallization heat treatment and aging heat treatment, the Al element is added into a NiCoCr matrix of the alloy, and a double-phase structure of an FCC matrix and a small volume fraction of a BCC phase is obtained.

The invention relates to the technical field of photovoltaics, and discloses a perovskite precursor solution based on an aspartame passivator, and a preparation method and application thereof. The perovskite precursor solution comprises a perovskite component, a solvent and a passivator, the passivator is sodium cyclohexane sulfamate, the chemical formula of the perovskite is Csx (FAyMA1-y) 1-xPb (IzBr1-z) 3, x is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, y is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1, and z is greater than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1. The invention also provides a method for preparing a perovskite thin film by using the solution, and the thin film is applied to a trans-structured perovskite solar module. The assembly comprises a transparent conductive substrate, and a hole transport layer, the perovskite thin film, an electron transport layer, a hole blocking layer and a metal electrode which are stacked on the transparent conductive substrate in sequence.

The invention discloses a high-activity single-atom catalyst for synthesizing bio-based cyclohexanediol monomethyl ether and a preparation method thereof, specifically a high-activity single-atom Ru1 / CeO2-X catalyst for synthesizing bio-based cyclohexanediol monomethyl ether and a preparation method thereof, which not only solves the problem of uneven dispersion of conventional single-atom Ru in the catalyst, but also can achieve complete hydrogenation of lignin-derived phenol in a short time, low pressure and low temperature during the synthesis of bio-based cyclohexanediol monomethyl ether while inhibiting the breakage of ether bonds, thereby improving the selectivity of bio-based cyclohexanediol monomethyl ether (>95%).

The invention relates to a titanium-containing hot-dip aluminum-zinc alloy coating, a steel plate and a preparation method of the titanium-containing hot-dip aluminum-zinc alloy coating, and the alloy coating comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: 55.0% of Al, 1.6% of Si, 0.010%-0.050% of Ti and the balance of Zn. The alloy coating steel plate comprises a steel substrate and a titanium-containing hot-dip alloy coating attached to the surface of the steel substrate. The preparation method comprises the following steps: S1, preparing a plating solution; s2, pretreatment of the steel matrix; s3, carrying out a hot dipping process; s4, carrying out post-treatment; the method has the beneficial effects that the content of Ti in the plating solution is accurately regulated and controlled, hot dipping technological parameter optimization is combined, uniform refining of a plating layer structure is achieved, heterogeneous nucleation of Al-rich phase dendritic crystals can be efficiently promoted, the spangle size is reduced to be within 200 micrometers from 800 micrometers, meanwhile, the side effect that zinc slag is increased due to excessive Ti is avoided, the hardness of the refined plating layer is improved by 30%-50%, grain boundary distribution is uniform, and the plating layer has the good corrosion resistance. The performance is obviously improved.

The invention discloses a perovskite solar cell based on a 4, 6-dichloro-1, 3, 5-triazine-2-amine additive and a preparation method of the perovskite solar cell, and belongs to the technical field of novel photovoltaic materials and devices. According to the invention, a multifunctional additive 4, 6-dichloro-1, 3, 5-triazine-2-amine with a unique molecular structure is introduced into a perovskite precursor solution, so that the perovskite solar cell with high performance and high stability is prepared. According to the present invention, the 1, 4, 6-dichloro-1, 3, 5-triazine-2-amine additive simultaneously achieves the comprehensive passivation of defects and the optimization of the crystallization process on the single molecule level through the synergistic effect of the three functional groups such as the triazine ring, the amino group and the chlorine atom, and the effect cannot be achieved by the existing single-function additive; the open-circuit voltage (Voc) and the fill factor (FF) of the prepared perovskite solar cell are remarkably improved, and higher photoelectric conversion efficiency is obtained. Meanwhile, the long-term stability (including maximum power point tracking stability and 85 DEG C thermal stability) of the device is improved by several times.

This invention relates to the field of perovskite solar cells, specifically a method for preparing high-purity formamidinium hydroiodate, comprising the following steps: dissolving formamidinium acetate in hydroiodic acid solution and stirring to obtain a precursor solution of formamidinium hydroiodate; heating the solution in an oil bath to obtain a crude product of formamidinium hydroiodate; cooling the product and adding an ethanol solution, then heating again until completely dissolved to obtain a hot saturated solution; removing the hot solution and vacuum filtering, and pouring the resulting mother liquor into a crystallizing dish for crystallization; after crystallization, adding diethyl ether for washing; placing the washed flaky crystals in an oil bath and adding ethanol again for heating to dissolve, then filtering, and pouring the resulting mother liquor back into a crystallizing dish for low-temperature crystallization; repeating the above steps three times; and vacuum drying the obtained product to obtain formamidinium hydroiodate, which is the target product. The formamidinium hydroiodate of this invention, when applied to a perovskite layer, can greatly improve the photovoltaic performance of perovskite solar cells and significantly improve the stability of the device.

This invention discloses the application of aspartic protease 1 and its encoding gene in regulating wheat photosynthesis, yield, and protein content. Analysis of wheat mutants with APP1 gene mutations revealed that, compared to wild-type wheat, the APP1 mutant exhibited enhanced photosynthesis, larger grains, increased grain weight, and higher protein content. Conversely, overexpression of APP-A1 in wild-type wheat accelerated leaf senescence and corrected the mutant phenotype. Furthermore, this invention identified a SNP site in the APP-A1 gene associated with photosynthesis and grain development in natural wheat populations, and natural variations in the APP-A1 gene can promote photosynthesis and grain development. These results demonstrate that APP1 plays a negative regulatory role in wheat photosynthesis, yield, and protein content. This invention is of significant importance for the breeding and screening of wheat varieties with enhanced photosynthesis, high yield, and high protein content.

The invention belongs to the technical field of perovskite solar cells, and provides a perovskite thin film based on a volatile additive and a preparation method and application thereof. According to the perovskite thin film provided by the invention, the perovskite matrix and the volatile additive are used as main raw material components, and the volatile additive comprises at least one of a beta-diketone compound, a carboxylic acid compound, an amide compound and a nitrogen-containing heterocyclic compound. The volatile additive promotes crystallization of perovskite in a large-grain and highly preferred orientation mode, crystal growth can be effectively regulated and controlled in the annealing process, bulk phase or surface defect passivation is achieved, interface performance is optimized, and finally the high-quality perovskite thin film with larger grain size and remarkably reduced grain boundaries is successfully prepared. And the volatile additive does not remain in the film after volatilization. The perovskite thin film provided by the invention can be used for preparing a perovskite solar cell device.

The invention provides a perovskite solar cell, and relates to the technical field of solar cells. The transparent conducting layer is arranged on the glass substrate in the first direction; the hole transport material layer is arranged on the side, away from the glass substrate, of the transparent conducting layer in the first direction, the molecular structure of the hole transport material layer comprises a triarylamine core, each aryl group is 3, 4, 5-trimethoxyphenyl, and nitrogen atoms are substituted by-(CH2) 4-PO (OH) 2 groups; the perovskite layer is arranged on the side, away from the glass substrate, of the hole transport material layer in the first direction; the electron transport layer is arranged on one side, far away from the glass substrate, of the perovskite layer along the first direction; the buffer layer is arranged on the side, away from the glass substrate, of the electron transfer layer in the first direction; the metal electrode is arranged on the side, away from the glass substrate, of the buffer layer in the first direction; the antireflection layer is arranged on the side, away from the glass substrate, of the metal electrode in the first direction. The invention also provides a preparation method of the perovskite solar cell.