356 results about "Forging" patented technology

The utility model relates to the technical field of end cone and discloses high -strength automobile exhaust system end cone foundry grinding tool, including base, the top fixed connection of base has lower mould base, the top of lower mould base is opened to have the forging groove, the one end of lower mould base is opened to have the slot, the inside fixed connection of slot has the baffle, the one end of baffle is opened to have the adjusting groove, the top of slot inner chamber is opened to have the through -inserted groove. This high -strength automobile exhaust system end cone foundry grinding tool, the staff moves adjusting rod to the inside of slot, makes adjusting rod drive arc -shaped pusher to move, makes arc -shaped pusher extrude arc -shaped stress block, arc -shaped stress block will drive connecting rod and stripping plate to move at this moment, make stripping plate remove from the inside of forging groove, and then complete the stripping of end cone, through the stripping plate that sets up, be convenient for to the stripping of end cone, solved the stripping difficult problem of end cone in the prior art, improved the production efficiency of end cone.

The utility model discloses an edge pressing mechanism of special-shaped forge piece relates to edge pressing device technical field, including frame and placing groove, frame: the inside fixed processing platform has the recess in the top of frame and fixes main hydraulic pressure rod, the bottom of main hydraulic pressure rod is connected with the middle portion of the top surface of pressure seat, the left and right side surface of frame inside all are fixed with slide rail, the slide rail is connected with the sliding slot of pressure seat surface slidingly, the left and right side surface of frame all are set up with placing groove, the inside of placing groove is equipped with adjusting unit, the inside installation of adjusting unit has the edge ring, this edge pressing mechanism of special-shaped forge piece, and the horizontal and vertical accurate adjustment of edge ring are realized to the multi -freedom degree adjusting unit, and the complex forge piece contour is adapted, and the integrated intelligent lubricating system is through the even lubrication of rotary liquid pipe key friction surface, prolongs the die life, can reduce the scrap rate greatly, improves material utilization, and then satisfies the different demand of special-shaped forge piece.

This application relates to a production mold and method for irregularly shaped frame mounting edges, belonging to the technical field of forging and hot working. It includes a base, a lower mold, a left mold, a right mold, and an upper mold. The lower mold is disposed on the base. The left and right molds slide horizontally at the ends of the lower mold away from the base. When the left and right molds are closed, the cavity formed matches the shape of the forging. The left and right molds cooperate to forge and shape the shape of the forging. The upper mold slides vertically and has an expanding mold and a shaping mold facing upwards. The expanding mold includes an expanding section and a forming section. The size of the expanding section decreases sequentially away from the forming section. The shape of the forming section matches the inner shape of the forging. The expanding mold forges and shapes the inner shape of the forging. The shaping mold is used to press and shape the upper surface of the forging, thus forming the forging. This application has the effect of reducing the number of forging passes for irregularly shaped frame mounting edges while improving the product qualification rate after die forging.

This application relates to a multi-isothermal stamping die, belonging to the field of stamping die technology. The multi-isothermal stamping die includes a lower stamping die, an upper main die base, and side die bases. The lower stamping die is provided with a lower die base for placing forgings. The side die bases include a left die base and a right die base. The left die base includes a left sliding block and a left die body disposed on the left sliding block. The right die base includes a right sliding block and a right die body disposed on the right sliding block. Both the left and right die bodies are equipped with a first heating element for heating. The lower die base is provided with a second heating element. The left and right die bodies abut to form a product forming cavity. The left die base, right die base, and lower stamping die are all provided with heat insulation structures to reduce heat loss. This application has the effect of heating the product forming cavity, ensuring the temperature stability of the stamping area, and improving the forming effect.

This invention discloses a process for improving the hardenability of wind turbine main shafts during heat treatment, comprising the following steps: heating 42CrMo4 steel ingots to 1180~1220℃ for forging, with a forging ratio ≥4; air-cooling the forgings to 650~700℃ for the first time before loading them into a furnace, holding them at 300~350℃, then raising them to 640~660℃ for a second holding, with the holding time determined by the effective thickness × 1.5min / mm, followed by cooling to room temperature; vertically loading the forgings into tooling and heating them to 8... The surface is held at 40~860℃ for 1.2~1.5 min / mm (effective thickness × 1.2~1.5 min / mm) until the surface temperature drops to 780~800℃. Then, it is quenched in PAG solution within 3 minutes of quenching. After quenching, it is transferred to a tempering furnace and heated to 300℃ at a rate of ≤80℃ / h, held, and then heated to 540~580℃ at a rate of ≤100℃ / h, held for 2.0~2.5 min / mm (effective thickness × 2.0~2.5 min / mm). After tempering, it is cooled at a rate of ≤50℃ / h. This invention refines grains and carbides through forging and upsetting processes, controls pearlite cluster size through normalizing, and improves cooling uniformity through a density-layered dual-medium system during quenching. This method is suitable for improving the hardenability of large cross-sections in high-power wind turbine main shafts.

The utility model belongs to forging machine technical field especially, a kind of metal casting surface hardening forging machine, present and propose the following scheme, it includes workbench;Support, the support fixed mounting at the top of workbench;Cylinder, the cylinder fixed mounting at the top of support, cylinder output shaft penetrates support;Forging block, the forging block fixed mounting at the bottom of cylinder output shaft;Fixed mechanism and blocking mechanism, the blocking mechanism is respectively matched with fixed mechanism and workbench, in the utility model: by placing casting on placing plate, then control two clamps mutually close again, just can be fixed to casting, it is convenient to forge and hit casting, then again stir fixed rod, just can be unlocked to the position of placing plate and bearing plate, then start first electric push rod and second electric push rod just can adjust the position of casting, it is convenient to forge and hit casting.

This invention relates to a method for preparing a high-wear-resistant metal-based composite material. This method significantly improves the wear resistance of the material by combining nano-reinforcing particles, surface modification technology, and self-healing capabilities. Aluminum alloy or titanium alloy is selected as the matrix, and nano-sized silicon carbide or alumina particles are used as reinforcing materials. The reinforcing materials are uniformly dispersed using processes such as stir casting, forging, diffusion bonding, infiltration, or powder metallurgy. The composite material structure is then precisely formed using 3D printing technology. The surface of the composite material is treated with a nano-coating or plasma treatment to enhance its wear resistance and corrosion resistance. Furthermore, by embedding microcapsules containing a repair agent into the material, automatic repair of worn areas is achieved, improving the material's reliability and service life. This composite material is particularly suitable for mechanical engineering and automotive manufacturing, especially in the manufacture of automotive brakes under high-wear environments, demonstrating excellent performance and broad application prospects.

This invention provides a cooling device cover and a method for manufacturing the cooling device. The cooling device cover includes a coolant tank and an interface boss. The interface boss has an inlet / outlet channel communicating with the coolant tank. The coolant tank is used to house a lower cover with heat dissipation fins. The manufacturing method of the cooling device cover includes: preparing a cover raw material; the cover raw material is a sheet metal with a thickness less than the target thickness of the cooling device cover; heating the cover raw material to a target temperature; placing the cover raw material in a mold for hot forging; machining the coolant tank and the interface boss to obtain a semi-finished cover; machining the inlet / outlet channel on the semi-finished cover; finishing the surface of the semi-finished cover; and drilling holes in the interface boss to form a pipe interface, thus obtaining the cooling device cover. This invention solves the problems of high material loss, long processing cycle, and easy dimensional deviation and rough inner wall when the cooling device cover is manufactured by machining.

The present application belongs to the field of forging technology, and particularly relates to a forging method of an L-shaped large thin plate forging. The method realizes qualified output of the L-shaped large thin plate forging by using a special bending tool and an L-shaped die, and combining free forging and die membrane forging, and solves the blank of the forging technology of the L-shaped large thin plate forging.

The application discloses a high-bearing low-noise special gear precision machining process, which comprises the following steps: precision die forging and isothermal normalizing, double-reference composite finish turning, self-adaptive roll-scrub composite near-net forming, segmented and partial-pressure gradient carburizing and quenching, deep cryogenic graded aging, reference reconstruction flexible honing polishing, pulse laser shock strengthening, tooth root fillet roll strengthening, full-parameter precision detection, hierarchical selection and micro-correction. The application solves the problems of large deformation, low precision, poor fatigue and high noise in traditional processes through the synergistic control of forming-stress-precision-surface morphology, and the special tooth profile is stably up to DIN 4-5 level, the tooth surface is Ra≤0.2 microns, the fatigue life is increased by more than 60%, and the noise is reduced by 6-10 dB. The process combination is not obvious and has outstanding creativity, and is suitable for high-precision batch manufacturing of special gears of high-end equipment such as new energy vehicles and high-speed heavy-duty transmission.

The application belongs to the technical field of heat treatment of bearing steel, and particularly discloses a heat treatment method for improving the organization stability of high-nitrogen stainless bearing steel, which comprises the following steps: firstly, high-temperature diffusion annealing is performed to reduce the segregation degree; then, forging is performed after heat preservation at 1140-1160 DEG C for 1-2 hours; and subsequently, normalizing, spheroidizing annealing, quenching, deep cooling, partitioning and tempering are sequentially performed after the forging. Through reasonable design of the heat treatment process, the problems of low impact toughness, too many residual austenite and poor stability of the high-nitrogen stainless bearing steel are effectively solved by the sequential partitioning and tempering, and the high-nitrogen martensitic stainless bearing steel with high strength and toughness and impact resistance is prepared.

This invention discloses a method for preparing high-elongation bars for cold forging, belonging to the field of aluminum alloy preparation technology. Through optimization of composition and process, the prepared bars possess high purity, uniform and fine equiaxed grain structure, and excellent plasticity, with significantly improved elongation. This meets the stringent requirements of cold forging for high material plasticity, resulting in a bright, crack-free surface and uniform grains after cold forging, overcoming problems such as oxide scale, coarse grains, and poor dimensional accuracy caused by hot forging. Furthermore, the introduction of modified talc and sodium nitrate as refining agents further promotes uniform microstructure, achieving high elongation and excellent cold forging performance.

The present application relates to gear forging equipment technical field, provide a kind of forging equipment for gear production, including machine body, vertical motion forging hammer is installed on the machine body, the workbench of the machine body is equipped with forging die, the forging die is equipped with die cavity, for placing metal blank, the two sides of the forging die are equipped with supporting mechanism, for supporting metal blank.The present application overcomes the deficiencies of the prior art, reasonable in design, compact structure, through supporting mechanism, can automatically adapt to the deformation of metal blank forging, without manual support metal blank, greatly improve efficiency and operational safety.Through blanking mechanism can simultaneously realize the automatic blanking of the metal blank that is completed by forging and the automatic cleaning of the impurities generated during the forging process, simplify the structure, without manual operation, reduce production cost, overall improve production efficiency and product quality.

This invention belongs to the field of forging equipment technology, specifically a three-head forging equipment and method for irregularly shaped forgings, solving the problems of uneven forging, low forming rate, inconvenient tool disassembly and assembly, and limited functionality in irregularly shaped forgings. The three-head forging equipment for irregularly shaped forgings includes a forging worktable with three supporting columns and a triangular irregularly shaped top plate on top. The top plate contains a hydraulic cylinder II and a forging impact hammer. The worktable has three moving guide grooves, a hydraulic cylinder I, and a circular pressure bar. The circular pressure bar is fixed to the forging impact head by a snap-fit ​​structure including a trapezoidal structural plate, and a separation structure including a raised top rod. A base plate, sliding guide rod, and triangular irregularly shaped structural plate form a lifting structure. This equipment can control the material feed to ensure uniform stretching of the billet, automatically disassemble and assemble forging tools, provide multiple forging methods, and improve forging efficiency and forming rate.

This invention discloses an electric field-assisted spline cold forming method and machine tool; this invention belongs to the technical field of machining and metal plastic forming equipment; it aims to solve the problems of high load, rapid mold wear and poor forming quality in the cold forming of splines of difficult-to-deform materials such as high-strength alloy steel and titanium alloy; the positive terminal of the pulse power supply forms a circuit with the workpiece through the center and the negative terminal through the brush, so that the high-frequency pulse current flows directly through the cold forming deformation zone, inducing the electroplastic effect, reducing the yield strength of the material and improving plasticity; on this basis, the symmetrically arranged cold forming tools apply radial force to the workpiece as the spindle rotates, and the spline teeth are formed by the axial feed and rotation of the workpiece; this method deeply couples electric field softening with mechanical forming, fundamentally reducing the forming load, extending the mold life and improving the spline dimensional accuracy and surface quality.

The present application belongs to the technical field of large metal forging, and particularly relates to a multi-direction orthogonal forging method for improving the isotropy of the performance of forgings. The method comprises the following steps: selecting a steel ingot, setting the axial direction of the steel ingot as the Z direction, setting a radial direction as the Y direction, and setting another three-dimensional direction perpendicular to the Z direction and the Y direction as the X direction; upsetting the selected steel ingot along the Z direction, and then elongating it along the Y direction; upsetting the obtained blank along the Y direction, and then elongating it along the X direction; upsetting the obtained blank along the X direction, and then elongating it along the Z direction; and cutting off the excess material of the obtained blank, thereby obtaining the final product. The X, Y and Z directions are sequentially and positively crossed to be upset and elongated once each time, and the elongation direction is finally changed back to the direction of the initial upsetting of the steel ingot. The deformation amount of the steel ingot accumulated in each of the three directions after forging is basically the same, and the isotropy of the performance of the forgings is greatly improved.

The present application relates to the field of aluminum forging forging manufacturing, particularly to a kind of aluminum forging forging press and forging method, including anvil and hammer seat, four corners of the anvil are all fixed with vertical slide rod, the upper end of vertical slide rod is fixed with hydraulic mechanism, the hammer seat is slid through four vertical slide rods and is fixedly connected with the lower end of hydraulic mechanism, the anvil upper end front and rear direction is equipped with semicircular groove, semicircular groove is matched with semicircular seat rotation.The present application includes S1, the plane of semicircular seat is in the same plane with the upper end surface of anvil;S2, aluminum alloy blank is placed in semicircular seat and the upper end surface of anvil, the hammer seat is controlled to slide down by hydraulic mechanism, and the forging of aluminum alloy blank is formed;S3, semicircular seat is controlled to rotate on anvil, the upper end surface of anvil and the plane of semicircular seat form height difference, and aluminum alloy blank is turned over using this height difference, then semicircular seat is rotated again, and forging is carried out again.The present application is convenient for turning over aluminum alloy blank during forging.

Disclosed is a gradient twin structure regulation method, comprising the following steps: first step, pretreatment: surface cleaning is performed on a metal workpiece, and annealing pretreatment is performed if necessary, to obtain a uniform initial grain structure. The twin regulation method of the application can significantly optimize the material performance: the obtained material has good matching of strength and toughness, the work hardening rate is increased by 20%-50%, the impact resistance and crack initiation inhibition capacity are significantly enhanced, the service stability is excellent, and the method is suitable for structural parts under extreme working conditions; the method has outstanding process advantages, does not require complex special equipment, can be realized by using a conventional cryogenic device and a rolling mill, has a direct process path, is simple to operate, and has strong repeatability; the method is suitable for a wide range of workpiece shapes and sizes, and is easy to realize industrialization; and the method is convenient for cost control, can reduce energy consumption by 30%-60% compared with existing technologies such as laser impact and low-temperature forging, can increase production efficiency by 2-3 times, and can significantly reduce the cost of industrial application.

The present application belongs to the field of hot working of metal materials, and discloses a forging forming method for 11.5-ton GH4169 alloy super-large turbine disc forgings; comprising: blanking and chamfering; three-fire upsetting of the blank, the first fire heating at 1030 DEG C with a deformation of 15-18%, the second fire heating at 1020 DEG C with a deformation of 25-28%, and the third fire heating at 1015 DEG C with a deformation of 20-25%; processing positioning holes; final forging heating at 1010 DEG C, and three-stage control of the pressing speed according to "slow-fast-slow". The present application is aimed at the 11.5-ton, φ2200*420 super-large turbine disc forgings produced in China for the first time, and through stepwise cooling, medium-high-medium deformation distribution, differentiated ultra-long holding and special pressing speed curve, qualified forgings are successfully prepared on an 800MN die forging press, filling the blank of the forging forming process of the GH4169 turbine disc of the specification.

The application discloses a kind of final forging forming die of blade and design method, including the following steps, according to the blade part design drawing provided blade profile section coordinate parameter, calculate the blade profile section coordinate parameter after adding allowance;According to the blade profile section coordinate parameter after adding allowance and balance angle, the coordinate parameter of the blade profile section of final forging forming die is calculated;The coordinate parameter of the blade profile section of final forging forming die calculated is imported into three-dimensional modeling design software, the shape of the blade body part of final forging is generated;Blade tenon and process chuck are added to the blade body both ends obtained by final forging;With the blade profile center line of the blade profile section of final forging as parting line, the parting surface of final forging forming die is constructed, and final forging forming die is designed according to parting surface.No flash groove is needed for final forging forming die to accommodate excess metal, metal material is gradually deformed "on demand" distribution, and final forging does not need to be trimmed, which will not cause raw material waste and will not cause blade deformation.

The machining method of the ring groove of the radial expansion machine case improves the machining efficiency of the ring groove and the radial expansion machine case part and guarantees the machining quality. Specifically, the radial expansion machine case is an integral forging, and when the ring groove is machined, the ring groove is divided into left and right regions in the radial direction, a left-hand tool is used to machine the left region, and a right-hand tool is used to machine the right region. The left side surface of the left-hand tool tip is parallel to the tool bar axis, so that the left-hand tool tip can machine the side wall of the left region and will not interfere with the side wall of the left region when machining the groove bottom. The right side surface of the right-hand tool tip is parallel to the tool bar axis, so that the right-hand tool tip can machine the side wall of the right region and will not interfere with the side wall of the right region when machining the groove bottom. The left-hand tool and the right-hand tool are opposite to each other, the machining efficiency of the ring groove of the radial expansion machine case is improved, and the machining route, the feeding and retracting modes are further designed to guarantee the machining quality.

This invention provides a fastener riveting device for manufacturing magnesium alloy forgings, relating to the field of fastener technology. The device includes a base, column, robotic arm, riveting gun, rotating assembly, circular groove, disc, rollers, moving assembly, and supporting rotating assembly. The moving assembly, through the engagement of forward and reverse threads at both ends of a rotating shaft, can drive the moving rods on both sides to move synchronously in opposite directions under the drive of a second motor. Combined with the guiding effect of the traveling wheels and the sliding groove, it can accurately adapt to magnesium alloy forgings of different sizes and specifications. Simultaneously, the outer surface of the support tube wheel in the supporting rotating assembly is wrapped with an elastic anti-slip sleeve, which enhances the stability of the forging during clamping and avoids scratches, indentations, and other damage to the surface of the magnesium alloy forging caused by traditional rigid clamping, ensuring the appearance and structural integrity of the forging.

A high-efficiency welding processing equipment for seamless tubes with low shear loss rate includes a raw tube roller conveyor, a raw tube rear end clamping and extrusion device, a raw tube preheating device, a raw tube forging device, a raw tube front end clamping and positioning device, and a tunnel-type heating furnace. The raw tube rear end clamping and extrusion device is located on both sides of the raw tube roller conveyor and uses hydraulic power to achieve radial clamping of the raw tube. The bottom of the raw tube rear end clamping and extrusion device has a track and uses hydraulic power to apply axial extrusion force to the clamped raw tube. The raw tube preheating device is an annular induction heating device. The raw tube forging device has multiple arc-shaped forging dies arranged circumferentially inside. Multiple front end clamping and positioning devices are located on both sides of the raw tube roller conveyor, which passes through the tunnel-type heating furnace. This invention can achieve endless rolling of tension reduction process using the welded raw tube, reducing the shear loss rate. The forging process in this invention can significantly improve the welding strength of the weld and reduce the occurrence of fractures in thick-walled raw tubes during processing.

The utility model provides a kind of switch cover plate three station forging die, including support plate, spraying device, second telescopic motor and hollow strip, support plate upper and lower two sides symmetrically install cover plate, spraying device is equipped with two, second telescopic motor rear end is connected with square plate, hollow strip is slidably installed with connecting strip, the middle of support plate is provided with hollow slot, two spraying devices are symmetrically installed on the upper and lower sides of hollow slot, support plate rear side is installed with connecting plate, the design solves the original device in the use process will accumulate dirt, not only affect the appearance may also affect processing effect, and mold will produce heat in the processing process, if not cooling can scald staff's problem, the utility model structure is reasonable, and practicality is good, by installing cleaning mechanism and spraying device can clean or cooling device, improve the neatness and durability of device, improve processing effect and device life, suitable for use widely.

This invention provides a multi-directional composite reaming forming process for stepped flange forgings, relating to the field of forging technology. The process includes the following steps: pre-drawing and blanking, upsetting, punching, integral reaming with a mandrel, mandrel-mounted lengthening, segmented alternating reaming with the mandrel, composite spinning reaming, and mandrel finishing. The composite spinning reaming includes tangential spinning and radial spinning reaming. By adopting a multi-directional, staged composite reaming forming scheme, the reaming objectives of each stage of forging are decomposed, and control dimensions for each stage are proposed. The reaming efficiency of the forged upper shaft forging is high, without problems such as "flared mouth" or "waist-pinching" at the root, and the dimensions are reasonably controlled.

This application provides a universal drilling tool for steam turbine blade forgings, including a drilling template, a support and positioning part, and a telescopic base plate. The support and positioning part is located at both ends of the telescopic base plate, and includes a blade root support and a blade crown support. The distance between the blade root support and the blade crown support changes with the telescopic movement of the telescopic base plate. The drilling template is located on both sides of the telescopic base plate, outside the blade root support and the blade crown support. A drill sleeve is provided on the drilling template and is embedded within it. The universal drilling tool for steam turbine blade forgings provided by this application can be used to drill forgings of different lengths and models. This allows for the processing of forgings without changing the blade drilling tool after processing a product; simply adjusting the length of the telescopic base plate is sufficient to process the forgings, thus improving production efficiency.

The present invention provides a mold and forging method that can be made smaller than conventional methods. [Solution] A die 20 used for closed forging by warm forging or hot forging comprises a lower die 30 and an upper die 40 fixed to a forging machine 10, wherein the upper die 40 comprises a fixed part 50 fixed to the forging machine 10, a movable part 60 that is movable vertically relative to the fixed part 50 when the fixed part 50 is fixed to the forging machine 10 and closes the area between the lower die 30 and the upper die 40 by contacting the lower die 30, and a spring 42 that biases the movable part 60 toward the lower die 30 relative to the fixed part 50 when the fixed part 50 is fixed to the forging machine 10.

The present application relates to the technical field of forging, and discloses a hole-shaped forging piece forging equipment and precision control forging method, which comprises a workbench, a forging assembly for forging is installed on the left side of the top of the workbench, a transfer assembly for transferring the forging piece is installed on the right side of the top of the workbench, a moving assembly for controlling the position of the forging piece is installed on the top of the workbench, and a connecting assembly is arranged between the forging assembly and the moving assembly. In the present application, when the forging of the forging piece is completed, the double-shaft motor is controlled again, so that the moving plate moves to the right. At this time, the left electric push rod is elongated, and the right electric push rod is shortened, so that the movable plate is in the state of being higher on the left and lower on the right and is collinear with the second transport plate, the fourth motor is controlled, and the clamping and limiting of the forging piece are contacted. The forging piece slides downward to the right due to gravity, moves out through the second transport hole, and completes the overall transfer process, avoiding the tedious process of manual operation and improving the efficiency of loading and transporting the forging piece.

The application discloses a die flash groove structure for asymmetric forging, which can be applied to the forging of circumferential asymmetric class and axial thin-wall deep cavity forgings, can reasonably distribute materials, effectively increase the outflow resistance of the flash, improve the filling capacity of the forgings, improve the quality of the forgings, reduce material consumption and reduce production cost. The upper die and the lower die are used for being mounted on a forging press, the middle part of the upper die and the lower die forms a forging cavity, the edge part of the upper die and the lower die is provided with a flash groove, the flash groove comprises a bridge part and a bin part, the cavity is a non-symmetrical deep cavity, the bin part is horizontally arranged, and the upper end of the bridge part is outwardly inclined.

This invention relates to a method for preparing a high-toughness hot work die steel for hot forging dies, comprising the following steps: S1, electric furnace smelting; S2, ladle refining; S3, vacuum refining; S4, die casting electrode billet; S5, electrode billet annealing; S6, electroslag remelting; S7, forging; S8, post-forging pretreatment; S9, solution treatment + spheroidizing final treatment. Based on the H13 composition, this invention, through adjustment of chemical composition and the use of special smelting, forging, and heat treatment processes, results in a product with excellent high purity, high hardness, and high toughness. Dies made from this material exhibit significantly improved resistance to cracking and corner collapse, extending die life while substantially reducing unit operating costs. This invention also relates to a high-toughness hot work die steel for hot forging dies, suitable for manufacturing large, precision, complex, and long-life critical industrial dies, capable of meeting the stringent performance requirements of die materials in the high-end equipment manufacturing field.