3311 results about "Optical modulator" patented technology

A semiconductor component, selected from the group comprising a photodetector, a light emitting diode, an optical modulator and a waveguide. The semiconductor component comprises an Si substrate, an active region formed on said substrate, and an Si capping layer on said active region. In one embodiment the active region is a superlattice comprising alternating layers of Si1-yCy and Si1-x-yGexCy, with the atomic fraction y of the Si1-x-yGexCy layers being equal to or different from the atomic fraction y of the Si1-yCy layers. In another embodiment it is a superlattice comprising a plurality of periods of a three-layer structure comprising Si, Si1-yCy and Si1-xGex layers. In a third embodiment it is a superlattice comprising a plurality of periods of a three-layer structure comprising Si, Si1-yCy and Si1-x-yGexCy layers, with the atomic fraction y of the Si1-x-yGexCy layers being equal to or different from the atomic fraction y of the Si1-yCy layers. The components have faborable optical and electrical properties and are suitable for integration on a Si substrate.

An optical modulator is provided which can be manufactured by means of a simple process, and a display device, and a method of manufacturing same. The optical modulator comprises a first substrate having a movable reflective film that oscillates in accordance with the application of an electrostatic force; a light-transmitting second substrate disposed so as to oppose the first substrate and formed with a transparent electrode for applying the electrostatic force, in a position corresponding to the movable reflective film; and a cavity section, demarcated by the first substrate and the second substrate, for restricting the range of oscillation of the movable reflective film. By forming a movable reflective film by a portion of the substrate and determining the range of oscillation of the movable reflective film by the interval between the substrates, an optical modulator of high durability and high precision can be obtained.

An optical communications network includes a terminal which can simultaneously receive and modulate an optical signal. The terminal includes an optical modulator which is controlled by varying the bias voltage applied to it.

An opto-electronic integrated circuit (OEIC) includes an SOI substrate, a set of composite optical transmitters, a set of composite optical receivers, and control electronics disposed in the substrate and electrically coupled to the set of composite optical transmitters and receivers. Each of the composite optical transmitters includes a gain medium including a compound semiconductor material and an optical modulator. Each of the composite optical receivers includes a waveguide disposed in the SOI substrate, an optical detector bonded to the SOI substrate, and a bonding region disposed between the SOI substrate and the optical detector. The bonding region includes a metal-assisted bond at a first portion of the bonding region and a direct semiconductor-semiconductor bond at a second portion of the bonding region. The OEIC also includes control electronics disposed in the SOI substrate and electrically coupled to the set of composite optical transmitters and the set of composite optical receivers.

High speed optical modulators can be made of a reverse biased lateral PN diode formed in a silicon rib optical waveguide disposed on a SOI or other silicon based substrate. A PN junction is formed at the boundary of the P and N doped regions. The depletion region at the PN junction overlaps with the center of a guided optical mode propagating through the waveguide. Electrically modulating a reverse biased lateral PN diode causes a phase shift in an optical wave propagating through the waveguide. Prior art forward biased PN and PIN diode modulators have been relatively low speed devices.

A small-sized and light-weight projector apparatus capable of projecting images of high picture quality. A color separation/synthesis section of a projector apparatus includes a glass block body composed of a plurality of glass blocks combined together in such a manner that the corresponding sides are in close contact with each other; and a plurality of dielectric multilayer films for separating corresponding component rays of white light included in incident light and for synthesizing emitted rays from a plurality of corresponding spatial modulators. Shapes of individual glass blocks are respectively chosen in so that unnecessary rays generated by the reflection or transmission of reflected rays from respective spatial modulators at the corresponding dielectric multilayer films to be transmitted through or reflected from do not travel toward the reflective surface of any of spatial modulators and moreover after the reflection or transmission at the corresponding dielectric multilayer film, the unnecessary rays first enter the surface of the glass block with an incidence less than 30.

An apparatus and method providing a plurality of modulated optical beams from a single layer of semiconductor material. For one example, an apparatus includes a plurality of optical waveguides disposed in a single layer of semiconductor material. Each one of the plurality of optical waveguides includes an optical cavity defined along the optical waveguide. A single bar of gain medium material adjoining the single layer of semiconductor material across the plurality of optical waveguides is included. The gain medium-semiconductor material interface is defined along each of the plurality of optical waveguides. A plurality of optical modulators is disposed in the single layer of semiconductor material. Each one of the plurality of optical modulators is optically coupled to a respective one of the plurality of optical waveguides to modulate a respective optical beam directed from the optical cavity.

The invention discloses a device for monitoring the state of a power transmission line tower-line system, which fully utilizes the advantages of corrosion resistance, wide operation temperature range, anti-electromagnetic interference, passivity, long measuring distance, reliable operation and long service life and the like of optical fiber sensors to configure the optical fiber sensors on a transmission conductor and a tower in a quasi-distributed structure for detecting the temperature, the strain and the acceleration of the transmission conductor and the multipoint stress variation on the tower which are transmitted to an optical modulator demodulator for demodulating and are sent to a computer analyzing and processing system for calculating to obtain the icing quality, the waving amplitude, the breeze vibration amplitude and frequency and the sag of the transmission conductor, and the inclination angle of the tower, thus realizing the simultaneous monitoring on the icing, the waving, the breeze vibration and the sag of the transmission conductor, and the inclination angle state of the tower, and being capable of finishing long-time reliable operation under the on-site severe environment conditions.

A MEMS optical display system includes an illumination source for providing illumination light, a collimating lens for receiving the illumination light and forming from it collimated illumination light, and a converging microlens array having an array of lenslets that converge the collimated illumination light. The converging microlens array directs the illumination light to a microelectrical mechanical system (MEMS) optical modulator. The MEMS optical modulator includes, for example, a planar substrate through which multiple pixel apertures extend and multiple MEMS actuators that support and selectively position MEMS shutters over the apertures. A MEMS actuator and MEMS shutter, together with a corresponding aperture, correspond to pixel. The light from the converging microlens array is focused through the apertures and is selectively modulated according to the positioning of the MEMS shutters by the MEMS actuators, thereby to impart image information on the illumination light. The light is then passed to a diffused transmissive display screen by a projection microlens array.

Methods and systems for optoelectronics transceivers integrated on a CMOS chip are disclosed and may include receiving optical signals from optical fibers via grating couplers on a top surface of a CMOS chip, which may include a guard ring. Photodetectors may be integrated in the CMOS chip. A CW optical signal may be received from a laser source via grating couplers, and may be modulated using optical modulators, which may be Mach-Zehnder and/or ring modulators. Circuitry in the CMOS chip may drive the optical modulators. The modulated optical signal may be communicated out of the top surface of the CMOS chip into optical fibers via grating couplers. The received optical signals may be communicated between devices via waveguides. The photodetectors may include germanium waveguide photodiodes, avalanche photodiodes, and/or heterojunction diodes. The CW optical signal may be generated using an edge-emitting and/or a vertical-cavity surface emitting semiconductor laser.

An exposure apparatus has a laser device that is small, easy to maintain, and capable of producing an output that is unlikely to be affected by optical surges occurring in the beginning of operation. A single-wavelength laser oscillator (11) supplies a laser beam (LB1) to a fiber optic amplifier (13) through an optical modulator (12). The amplified laser beam is split by splitters (14, 16-1 to 16-m), amplified by optical amplifier units (18-1 to 18-n) and supplied through a fiber bundle (19) to a wavelength converter (20), which in turn converts the split beams into ultraviolet laser radiation (LB5) for use as exposure light. The optical modulator (12) outputs light pulses during the generation of ultraviolet light. The optical modulator (12) also produces laser radiation during the absence of ultraviolet light, but the laser radiation has substantially the same average output and a considerably low peak compared with that during the generation of ultraviolet light.

High speed optical modulators can be made of a lateral PN diode formed in a silicon optical waveguide, disposed on a SOI or other silicon based substrate. A PN junction is formed at the boundary of the P and N doped regions. The depletion region at the PN junction overlaps with the center of a guided optical mode propagating through the waveguide. Electrically modulating a lateral PN diode causes a phase shift in an optical wave propagating through the waveguide. Each of the doped regions can have a stepped or gradient doping profile within it or several doped sections with different doping concentrations. Forming the doped regions of a PN diode modulator with stepped or gradient doping profiles can optimize the trade off between the series resistance of the PN diode and the optical loss in the center of the waveguide due to the presence of dopants.

Provided are a depth camera and methods of measuring a depth image by using the depth camera. The depth camera is a time-of-flight (TOF) depth camera including: an illumination device that illuminates a patterned light to an object; a filter unit that reduces noise light included in light reflected by the object; and an image sensor that provides a depth image of the object by receiving light that enters through the filter unit. The illumination device includes: a light source; and a patterned light generator that changes the light emitted from the light source into the patterned light. The filter unit includes a band pass filter and an optical modulator. The patterned light generator may be a diffractive optical element or a refractive optical element.

The light source unit (16) comprises a single wavelength oscillation light source (160A), a light generating portion (160) which has an optical modulator (160C) converting and emitting light from the light source into a pulse light, a light amplifying portion (161) made up of an optical fiber group that each has a fiber amplifier to amplify the pulse light from the optical modulator, and a light amount controller (16C). The light amount controller (16C) performs a step-by-step light amount control by individually turning on/off the light output of each fiber making up the optical fiber group, and a light amount control of controlling at least either of the frequency or the peak power of the emitted pulse light of the optical modulator. Accordingly, in addition to the step-by-step light amount control, fine adjustment of the light amount in between the steps becomes possible due to the control of at least either the frequency or the peak power of the pulse light, and if the set light amount is within a predetermined range, the light amount can be made to coincide with the set light amount.

A logging radar system and method for measuring propped fractures and down-hole formation conditions in a subterranean formation including: a radar source; an optical source; an optical modulator for modulating an optical signal from the optical source according to a signal from the radar source; a photodiode for converting the modulated optical signal output from the optical modulator to the source radar signal; a transmitter and receiver unit; and a mixer. The transmitter and receiver unit receives the source radar signal from the photodiode, transmits the source radar signal into the formation and receives a reflected radar signal. The mixer mixes the reflected radar signal with the source radar signal to provide an output. This technology can be used to describe all fractures connected to the wellbore and differentiate between the dimensions of the two vertical wings of a propped fracture.

Optical plasmon-wave attenuator and modulator structures for controlling the amount of coupling between an guided optical signal and a surface plasmon wave. Optical power coupled to the plasmon wave mode is dissipated in varying amounts producing an intensity modulation effect on the optical signal. For electrical modulation, an additional dielectric (or polymer) layer with variable refractive index in optical contact with a metal layer supporting at least one plasmon wave mode is used to perturb or vary the propagation constant of plasmon wave. Propagation constant variation results in the power coupling variation between the surface plasmon wave and the optical wave. The refractive index variation of the dielectric (or polymer) layer can be accomplished via an electro-optic traveling-wave, a lump-element, or any other integrated optics modulator configuration situated to affect the layer, thereby permitting data rates into tens of GHz. Because of the extremely small interaction lengths needed, the optical plasmon-wave modulator is a very compact device which can be implemented on the top of a fiber or as an integrated optical planar structure.

An optical modulator modulates light propagating in a three-dimensional optical waveguide 5 by applying a voltage on the waveguide. The modulator has a three dimensional optical waveguide 5 having at least a pair of branched portions 5b, 5c and a recombining portion 5f of the branched portions 5c, 5d and radiating light of off-mode, and a slab optical waveguide 4 guiding the light of off-mode. The modulator also has modulating electrodes 7A, 7B, 7C for applying a signal voltage and a direct current bias on the waveguide 5 to modulate light propagating in the waveguide 5. The modulator further has a photo detector 13 for detecting light radiated from the slab optical waveguide 4, and a controlling unit 15 for varying the direct current bias based on an output from the photo detector 13 so as to control the operational point of the modulator. According to the modulator, the operational point may be controlled with improved efficiency and stability.

Methods and systems for encoding multi-level pulse amplitude modulated signals using integrated optoelectronics are disclosed and may include generating a multi-level, amplitude-modulated optical signal utilizing an optical modulator driven by two or more electrical input signals. The optical modulator may include optical modulator elements coupled in series and configured into groups. The number of optical modular elements and groups may configure the number of levels in the multi-level amplitude modulated optical signal. Unit drivers may be coupled to each of the groups. The electrical input signals may be synchronized before communicating them to the unit drivers utilizing flip-flops. Phase addition may be synchronized utilizing one or more electrical delay lines. The optical modulator may be integrated on a single substrate, which may include one of: silicon, gallium arsenide, germanium, indium gallium arsenide, polymers, or indium phosphide. The optical modulator may include a Mach-Zehnder interferometer or one or more ring modulators.

An optical transmission apparatus for high-speed optical signal transmission is provided. The optical transmission apparatus includes an optical modulator which includes first and second modulators of a Mach-Zehnder (MZ) interferometer type which are connected in parallel, and an output stabilizer which controls biases for the first modulator, the second modulator and the optical modulator and stabilizes a final output optical signal of the optical modulator. The optical transmission apparatus can perform a stable optical signal output.

An integrated control system for a laser and Mach-Zehnder interferometer are disclosed and may include configuring a bias point for low-speed control of an optical modulator utilizing control circuitry integrated on the same CMOS die. The optical modulator may be differentially monitored. A laser source for the modulator may be controlled utilizing monitor photodiodes via optical taps on outputs of the modulator, or utilizing a monitor photodiode on one output port of the modulator, which may comprise a Mach-Zehnder interferometer. An error signal may be generated by subtracting monitor photodiode signals from optical taps on output ports of the modulator. The bias point of the modulator may be adjusted by minimizing the error signal. Calibration time of the bias point may be reduced utilizing electronic data inversion. An output of the modulator may comprise a Y-junction and a single monitor photodiode may measure both branches of the modulator.

High speed optical modulators can be made of a lateral PN diode formed in a strip loaded optical waveguide on a SOI or other silicon based substrate. A PN junction is formed at the boundary of the P and N doped regions. The depletion region at the PN junction overlaps with the center of a guided optical mode propagating through the waveguide. Electrically modulating a lateral PN diode causes a phase shift in an optical wave propagating through the waveguide. Due to differences in fabrication methods, forming strip loaded waveguides with consistent properties for use in PN diode optical modulators is much easier than fabricating similar rib waveguides.

A sensor comprises an optical modulator that generates a modulation signal, an interferometer that mixes an acoustic signal evoked by a pulsed laser with the modulation signal to down-convert the acoustic signal to lower frequencies, and a photodetector that detects the down-converted signal.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a stereoscopic image displaying method and a stereoscopic image displaying apparatus using the same, which are capable of excellently observing a stereoscopic image. In order to achieve the object, a stereoscopic image forming apparatus of the present invention is configured such that display light from an image corresponding to a viewpoint of one parallax image on an image displaying device, on which parallax images corresponding to a plurality of different viewpoints can be displayed, is guided to an optical modulator, on which a light transmitting section and a light shielding section can be formed, by a second optical system disposed in the front of the image displaying device, and that the display light transmitted through the light transmitting section of the optical modulator is collected at a position that is a predetermined distance apart corresponding to the viewpoint on an observation surface by a first optical system, and the entire screen of a parallax image to be displayed on the image displaying device is thereby caused to be incident on each eye by controlling transmitted light from the optical modulator in synchronism with the switching of parallax images to be displayed on the image displaying device when an observer attains stereoscopic viewing of the image information on the image displaying device.

An integrated semiconductor optical-emitting device includes a surface-emission laser diode and an EA-type semiconductor optical modulator integrated commonly on a GaAs substrate in a direction perpendicular to the GaAs substrate.