The application discloses a dual-mode
underwater acoustic sensor and a preparation method thereof. The sensor structure comprises an
SOI substrate, a sensitive structure comprising a middle
mass block, a rectangular beam and a frame supporting the
mass block through the rectangular beam, a piezoresistive detection unit comprising a piezoresistive
resistor arranged at the end of each rectangular beam and a
metal lead and an
electrode connected into a
Wheatstone bridge, and a
capacitive detection unit comprising movable comb-tooth capacitive plates arranged around the
mass block except the side of the rectangular beam and fixed comb-tooth capacitive plates arranged on the frame and intersecting with the movable comb-tooth capacitive plates. When an
underwater acoustic
signal causes the mass block to be offset, the rectangular beam is bent to cause the piezoresistive
resistor to change in resistance value, and the facing area of the comb-tooth capacitive plates is changed to cause the
capacitance to change, so that piezoresistive and capacitive dual-mode
signal detection is realized. The application integrates the advantages of high precision of piezoresistance and strong temperature drift resistance of
capacitance through
integrated design, the comb-tooth capacitive mode can calibrate the piezoresistive mode, and the measurement accuracy, stability and robustness in a complex marine environment are significantly improved.