The invention provides a high-performance binder for silicon materials for lithium ion batteries, which is a polyacrylonitrile copolymer, a polymeric monomer of the copolymer comprises acrylonitrile, also comprises a second monomer and/or a third monomer; and the second monomer is a monobutyl itaconate monomer, and the third monomer is selected from a mixture of one or more of an itaconic acid, sodium allylsulfonate, acrylamide, amino, a pyridyl or acylamino monomer, n-butyl acrylate or methyl acrylate. The invention also provides a preparation method of the binder. Compared with existing binders, the binder disclosed by the invention has better binding power, can effectively improve the expansion of silicon materials in the processes of charging and discharging, and can improve the performance of a silicon electrode in the process of cycling. Meanwhile, the binder is simple in preparation method, low in cost and good in repeatability, and can achieve the practical need of mass production.