The invention provides a simulation test device and a simulation test method for an electronic control unit (ECU) of an engine. The simulation test device comprises a main control chip unit, a power module, a BDM unit, an ECU power control unit, an ECU voltage test unit, an over-current protection unit, a sensor analog quantity generating unit, an on/off value digital signal generating unit, an ECU inductance-outputting executive component simulation load and protection unit, an ECU resistance-outputting simulation load unit, a communication unit and a signal wiring harness, wherein each unit is connected with the main control chip; and the power module supplies power to each unit. The method for detecting by simulating an external signal connected by the stimulation ECU and by driving an input/output interface having common property with the ECU is based on the performance characteristic of the ECU and suitable for detecting simulation function of a plurality of ECU large-scale production. The method has the advantages of simple structure, low cost, convenient movement, convenient test and the like.