The invention provides a highway safety patrol system based on artificial intelligence, which comprises a data set model module, a training model module and a model application module, and is characterized in that the data set model module comprises the image data, GPS data and image recognition data of a high-speed camera; the training model module is used for carrying out classified learning onthe data of the data set model module and storing a learning result into a database; and the model application module is used for analyzing and processing the road information collected by the monitoring vehicle, storing an analysis and processing result in a database and sending the analysis and processing result to a PC terminal or a mobile terminal. According to the invention, the road information can be comprehensively identified, the vehicle on the road is effectively monitored and reported in time, 24-hour monitoring and early warning can be achieved, passing vehicles are reminded, the manual inspection frequency is reduced, the inspection efficiency is improved, the working environment of workers is safer, the working efficiency is more efficient, the manpower and material resourcesare saved, and the road driving safety is improved.