The invention discloses a power transmission line polling system. The system comprises a personal computer (PC) side control terminal, a server and a handheld personal digital assistant (PDA), wherein the PC side control terminal, namely a PC side management system, performs polling task management, polling condition management, defect management, defect standard management and geographic information system (GIS) geographic information management; the server receives and transmits information and stores data in real time, comprises an enterprise database and a Socket detectaphone which is used for detecting wireless data in real time, and is called a server Socket data receiving and transmitting system for short; and the handheld PDA performs field polling, is a mobile terminal which feeds back polling information through general packet radio service (GPRS), and is called a PDA mobile terminal polling system for short. The advanced technologies of a global positioning system (GPS) and a palm computer are fused in the system, and power transmission line polling is realized by using a component GIS technology and introducing the concept of embedded GIS; the system performs relatively precise positioning and complete defect data acquisition, can be used for a line polling step in a power system which is used for power transmission, power distribution and the like, and also can be widely applied to the management of the outdoor entities of telecommunication, coal gas, natural gas and the like which are related to the polling; and the operating cost is effectively lowered, and the economic benefit is effectively improved.